• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.4B
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• pp.349-359
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a stereo-video transmission method for reduction of delay and maximization of 3D effect. Conventional multimedia synchronization algorithms were designed to achieve minimum delay and synchronize multiple video and audio streams, however, they could not be effective for 3D video transmission. In this paper, we proposed a synchronization algorithm by considering the minimum error of time difference between streams for 3D effect. The minimum error of time difference for 3D effect was derived based on a 3D subjective quality test. We compute display time of the delivered videos within the allowed time-difference and the video are displayed according to the display time. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we implemented a real-time video communication system and subjective quality test has been conducted with the proposed system. We found that video quality displayed by the proposed system. We found that video quality displayed by the proposed algorithm ranks 'good' and 'excellent' in the DMOS (Differential Mean Opinion Score) scale, based on the MOS (Mean Opinion Score) test.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2005

Location Positioning is a major technology for ubiquitous computing. Recently the research on Location Positioning using UWB is on going. In order to construct an in-door location network, synchronization of base stations is very important. NTP is Popularly used as clock synchronization protocol ranging from LAN to WAN. Also Master-Slave scheme is the simplest method to synchronize in-door network. We compare and analyze NTP and Master-Slave schemes according to the statistical channel model for indoor multipath propagation environment. In this paper, error ranges are calculated at various circumstances that in-door network expands from one primary base station into several base stations. We compared the correctness of NTP and Master-Slave synchronization methods. NTP is more reasonable synchronization protocol in in-door environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.438-447
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• 2011

geoContents have been closely related with personal life since the Google Earth and Street View by Google and the Road View by Daum were introduced. So, Location-based content, which is referred to geoContents, involving geometric spacial information and location-based image information is a sharp rise in demand. A mobile mapping system used in the area of map upgrade and road facility management has been having difficulties in satisfying the demand in the cost and time for obtaining these kinds of contents. This paper addresses geoData acquisition and processing system for producing panoramic images. The system consists of 3 devices: the first device is 3 GPS receivers for acquiring location information which is including position, attitude, orientation, and time. The second is 6 cameras for image information. And the last is to synchronize the both data. The geoData acquired by the proposed system and the method for authoring geoContents which are referred to a panoramic image with position, altitude, and orientation will be used as an effective way for establishing the various location-based content and providing them service area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2010

Light Drawing is a photographic technique which exposures are made at night or in a darkened room usually by moving a hand-held light source[1]. Due to the limitations of equipment and environment, users having difficulty in drawing a picture in 3D space. If user take a light drawing, they need a camera that have function and darkened environment. Alternative solution is that we can make a light drawing picture by using the computer drawing tool as in Photoshop. Nevertheless, this solution will let the User lose their interest in drawing because this solution cannot synchronize between the real action of human hand motion and the electronic input devices such as mouse and keyboard. This paper proposed a digital content that can make light drawing easier. We used a digital content that will facility Light Drawing easier. We can measure the light spot position by using the stereo camera. Based on the measured position of the light spot, we reproduce light drawing in virtual space by using drawing effect method.

• ALGAE
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2018

Fragilariopsis cylindrus is one of the most successful psychrophiles in the Southern Ocean. To investigate the molecular mechanism of biomineralization in this species, we attempted to synchronize F. cylindrus growth, since new cell wall formation is tightly coupled to the cell division process. Nutrient limitation analysis showed that F. cylindrus cultures rapidly stopped growing when deprived of silicate or light, while growth continued to a certain extent in the absence of nitrate. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that deprivation of either silicate or light could effectively arrest the cell cycle of this diatom species at the G1 phase, suggesting that synchrony can be established using either factor. Fluorescence labeling of new cell walls was faintly detectable as early as approximately 6 h after silicon repletion or light irradiation, and labeling was markedly intensified by 18 h. It is revealed that the synthesis of girdle bands begins before valve synthesis in this species, with active valve synthesis occurring during the G2 / M phase. Expression profiling revealed that selective member(s) of the F. cylindrus SIT genes (FcSIT) respond to silicate and light, with a different set of genes being responsive to each factor. The Si / light double depletion experiments demonstrated that expression of one FcSIT gene is possibly correlated to transition to G2 / M phase of the cell cycle, when the valve is actively formed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.292-299
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• 2000

Forty-four Javanese thin-tail ewes were used to study the effect of superovulation prior to mating and of ration quality on lamb birth weight at parturition. Twenty-two ewes weaning at least one lamb were used to measure lamb preweaning growth. Prior to mating, the experimental ewes were injected twice with prostaglandin, with an 11 d interval between injections to synchronize the estrous cycle. At the last prostaglandin injection, 24 ewes were also injected with 700 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to stimulate superovulation and the remainder were injected with saline as control. During pregnancy and lactation, the experimental ewes were fed either on a low (12% CP and 65% TDN) or a high (15% CP and 75% TDN) quality ration. During lactation, the milk was collected twice a day and was refed to the lambs by bottle feeding immediately after collection. Superovulation or ration quality as a main factor did not significantly affect lamb birth weight. Litter size significantly affected lamb birth weight (p<0.05), and there was an interaction of superovulation and litter size. Nonsuperovulated ewes giving birth to multiple lambs had significantly lower average lamb birth weight (1.34 kg) as compared to those giving birth to a single lamb (1.97 kg) (p<0.05). However, superovulated ewes giving birth to multiple lambs had no significant difference in average lamb birth weight (1.68 kg) as compared to those giving birth to a single lamb (1.91 kg) (p>0.05). Superovulation of ewes prior to mating resulted in a significant improvement in lamb birth weight in the multiple litter size, without significant effect on average preweaning daily gain (p=0.07). Superovulation had a promising use in improving animal production through improvement of prenatal growth during pregnancy and milk production during lactation.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.426-434
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• 2020

FMI is being researched as a standard for linking large-scale simulation of CPS. In order to guarantee the reliability of the results in large-scale simulations using FMI, event handling through time management techniques is required. This paper aims to guarantee real-time performance and accuracy in large-scale co-simulation environments such as CPS. Synchronize the wallclock time and simulation time to ensure real time. Also, to ensure the accuracy, before the simulation, the event is checked and the simulation is performed with the smallest step size while maintaining the real time until the event occurrence time. As a result, the events occurring in the co-simulation environment are processed immediately and sequentially, ensuring the real-time performance and minimizing the numerical integration error by maximizing the simulation resolution. In the experiment, the proposed method was processed immediately, and it was confirmed that the numerical integration error is reduced by about 1/5 unlike the existing time management method which does not guarantee the resolution.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.97-104
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a random number generator PP(PingPong256) and a shuffle technique to improve the problem that the encrypted image is damaged due to a lot of noise by the channel coding of wireless communication recommended in the special environment of space. The PP can constantly generate random numbers by entering an initial value of 512 bits. Random numbers can be encrypted through images and exclusive logical computations. Random numbers can be encrypted through images and exclusive logical computations. The shuffle technique randomly rearranges the image pixel positions while synchronizing the image pixel position and the random number array position and moving the random number arrangement in ascending order. Therefore, the use of PP and shuffle techniques in channel coding allows all pixels to be finely distributed and transmit high-quality images even in poor transmission environments.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2008

High-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (HR-WPANs) in IEEE 802.15.3 standard use a TIme Devision Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol to support isochronous traffic. Isochronous traffic requires a delay-bounded service. However, the HR-WPAN standard suffers from long access delay and association delay. In this paper, we propose an enhanced MAC protocol for the delay-bounded traffic. This proposed protocol provides a way that a central node is able to collect traffic status on all member nodes. Furthermore, by utilizing the information, a scheduling algorithm is also proposed in order to synchronize the instant of a packet transmission with that of the packet arrival. With the proposed protocol and algorithm, the delay of access and association can be reduced. Performance analysis is carried out and the significant performance enhancement is observed.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.142-149
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• 2015

Most of the mono-camera based lane detection systems are fragile on poor illumination conditions. In order to compensate limitations of single sensor utilization, lane information fusion system using multiple lane sensors is an alternative to stabilize performance and guarantee high precision. However, conventional fusion schemes, which only concerns object detection, are inappropriate to apply to the lane information fusion. Even few studies considering lane information fusion have dealt with limited aids on back-up sensor or omitted cases of asynchronous multi-rate and coverage. In this paper, we propose a lane information fusion scheme utilizing multiple lane sensors with different coverage and cycle. The precise lane information fusion is achieved by the proposed fusion framework which considers individual ranging capability and processing time of diverse types of lane sensors. In addition, a novel lane estimation model is proposed to synchronize multi-rate sensors precisely by up-sampling spare lane information signals. Through quantitative vehicle-level experiments with around view monitoring system and frontal camera system, we demonstrate the robustness of the proposed lane fusion scheme.