• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.219-232
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• 2024

이 연구는 성인 여성을 대상으로 체질량지수와 드러밍 운동이 자율신경계에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 30-50대의 성인 여성10명을 체질량지수가 정상인 집단(Low BMI, LBMI <23kg/m²)과 과체중 이상인 집단(High BMI, HBMI>23kg/m²)으로 나누어 드러밍 운동을 실시하였다. 드러밍 운동은 1회 50분, 주 3회, 8주간 실시하였으며, 운동 전후 신체조성과 심박변이도를 측정하였다. 심박변이도는 선형분석인 시간 영역 분석과 주파수 영역 분석을 통해 SDNN(Standard Deviation of NN interval), RMSSD(Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences), HF(High Frequency), LF(Low Frequency), TP(Total Power)를 측정하였다. 비선형분석인 푸앵카레 플롯(Poincaré plot)을 통해 SD1(Standard Deviation of the distance of each point from the y = x axis), SD2(Standard Deviation of each point from the y = x + average R-R interval), SD2/SD1을 측정하였다. 자율신경계 지수로 부교감신경계지수(Parasympathetic Nervous System Index; PNS Index)와 교감신경계지수(Sympathetic Nervous System; SNS Index)를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 운동 전 심박변이도에서 HBMI 집단과 LBMI 집단 간에는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나, 8주간의 드러밍 운동 후에는 HBMI 집단이 LBMI 집단에 비해 체중(p=0.034), 체질량지수(p=0.044), 체지방량(p=0.032), 허리둘레(p=0.013)에서 유의한 상호작용 효과가 나타났다. 심박변이도에서 HBMI 집단은 LBMI 집단에 비해 선형 분석에서 RMSSD(p=0.018)와 TP(p=0.033), 비선형분석에서는 SD1(p=0.018), 자율신경계지수에서는 PNS Index(p=0.040)가 유의하게 증가하였다. RMSSD, SD1 및 PNS Index는 부교감신경계의 활동을 나타내는 지표이다. 결론적으로 8주간의 드러밍 운동이 과체중 이상 여성의 자율신경계 중 부교감신경계의 개선에 긍정적인 효과를 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A), onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for temporary improvement of glabellar lines in patients 65 years and younger in 2002, and has also been used widely for aesthetic purposes such as hyperhidrosis, body shape contouring, and other noninvasive facial procedures. BoNT-A inhibits presynaptic exocytosis of acetylcholine (ACh)-containing vesicles into the neuromuscular junction at cholinergic nerve endings of the peripheral nervous system, thereby paralyzing skeletal muscles. ACh is the most broadly used neurotransmitter in the somatic nervous system, preganglionic and postganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nerves, and preganglionic fibers or postganglionic sudomotor nerves of sympathetic nerves. The scientific basis for using BoNT-A in various cosmetic procedures is that its function goes beyond the dual role of muscle paralysis and neuromodulation by inhibiting the secretion of ACh. Although the major target organs for aesthetic procedures are facial expression muscles, skeletal body muscles, salivary glands, and sweat glands, which are innervated by the somatic or autonomic nerves of the peripheral cholinergic nerve system, few studies have attempted to directly explain the anatomy of the areas targeted for injection by addressing the neural physiology and rationale for specific aesthetic applications of BoNT-A therapy. In this article, we classify the various cosmetic uses of BoNT-A according to the relevant component of the peripheral nervous system, and describe scientific theories regarding the anatomy and physiology of the cholinergic nervous system. We also review critical physiological factors and conditions influencing the efficacy of BoNT-A for the rational aesthetic use of BoNT-A. We hope that this comprehensive review helps promote management policies to support long-term, safe, successful practice. Furthermore, based on this, we look forward to developing and expanding new advanced indications for the aesthetic use of BoNT-A in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.280-283
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• 1993

Idiopathic hyperhidrosis is a physically and emotionally distressing symptom, which lacks a precise definition. Although operative and nonoperative methods have been shown to be effective in the treatment of idiopathic hyperhidrosis, limitations, cautions and complications are inherent in their extended use. The purpose of this report is to describe the theraputetic effects of magnetic resonance for managing idiopathic hyperhidrosis. A 28 years old woman had been suffering from profuse sweating on both planter and palmar sides for 15 years. We successfully treated this symptom with the 6 magnetic resonance treatments without any complications. Now she lives well in a condition of normal sweating after the applications. It suggest that short daily periods of exposure to appropriate magnetic resonance can beneficially modulate the balance of autonomic nervous system that are responsible for sympathetic overflow, and that there is an effective window of induced electrical magnetism in which sympathetic function can be controlled in the absence of side effects.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.317-326
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• 1999

연구목적: 호흡기에 대한 자율신경 기능도 기도 및 혈관의 평활근, 접막하선의 점액분비. 기관지 순환 혈류조절, 비만 세포의 염증 반응에 관계되는 매개물의 분비등 매우 다양하게 나타나며 이들 자율신경 장애는 기도 폐쇄의 원인으로 작용한다. 천식은 자율신경계 이상이 원인으로 작용하고 특히 부교감신경 기능 항진이 중요한 원인으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 심혈관계와 호흡기 자율신경 지배가 공통적으로 일어난다는 사실을 기초로 비관혈적이고 안정한 심혈관 지율신경 검사를 실시하여 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환 환자에서 자율신경 장애유무를 알아보았다. 방 법: 대상은 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원에서 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환으로 진단 받은 환자 20명과 건강진단 센터에서 건강한 것으로 판정 받은 비슷한 나이의 20명을 대조군으로 하였다. 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환은 American Thoracic Society의 정의를 따랐으며 허혈성 심장질환, 부정맥, 당뇨병, 중심성 및 말초성 신경질환 등과 같은 자율신경계에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 질환이 동반된 경우는 제외하였다. 자율신경검사는 Ewing과 Clarke의 방법을 사용하였으며 모든 대상에서 동맥혈 가스분석과 폐기능 검사를 동시에 실시하였다. 결 과: 만성 폐쇄생 폐질환 환자는 건강한 사랑에 비하여 빈번하게 자율신경 장애가 동반되어 있었으며 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환 환자에서 교감신경 장애보다 부교감신경 장애가 더 뚜렷하였다. 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환은 질병 이환 기간이 길거나, 흡연량이 많거나, 폐기능 검사상 $FEV_1$ 및 FVC 감소 정도가 심할수록 그리고 저산소혈증이 심한 경우에 자율신경 장애가 심하였으나 연령, 만성폐쇄성 폐질환의 종류 및 동맥혈 이산화탄소 분압과는 차이가 없었다. 결 론: 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환은 부교감신경 장애가 동반되어 있으며, 부교간신경 장애는 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환의 정도가 심할수록 더 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 이러한 부교감신경 장애는 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환의 원인으로 작용하기보다는 질병의 진행으로 인한 자율신경계의 기능 저하로 생각된다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.97-117
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• 2002

Chiropractic is very similar to Oriental Medicine in philosophy on the cause of diseases and in utilization of spinal articulations for diagnosis and treatment. In this paper the spinal area used to treat liver dysfunction in S.O.T. technique, one of chiropractic techniques, was compared to the acupncture points used to cure the same conditions. Because both Oriental medicine and Chiropractic are dealing with autonomic nervous system in regulating abnormal conditions, also the innervation of spinal nerves to those areas was checked. The spinal area that S.O.T. technique utilizes to correct liver dysfunction is transverse processes of T8, which corresponds to B16. Acupncture points from this level down to T12/L1, which are B16, B17, B18, B19, B20, B21, B45, B46, B47, B48, B49, B50, GV6, GV7, GV8 and GV9, all have been applied to control liver function. Apparent discrepency exists in therapeutic areas for liver malfunction between the two natural healing arts. According to the neurology texts, liver is innervated by sympathetic fibers from the 7th-10th thoracic segments and by parasympathetic fibers from vagus nerve. Sympathetic afferent nerves from the liver reach the 7th-12th thoracic spinal cord segments. It can be said all the 7th-12th thoracic spinal cord segments are related to liver function. Therefore the areas used for liver dysfunction in both natural medicine are appropriately selected. However, B16, the Oriental medical equivalent of the main spinal area which is used for lowered liver function in C.M.R.T. Technique, is not utilized as frequent as in Oriental medicine.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2012

The relationship between central nervous system (CNS) and enuresis has not been sufficiently elucidated despite the presence of several circumstantial evidences. Contrary to common belief, polysomnographic sleep analysis revealed that the disturbance of arousal rather than deep sleep was responsible for enuresis. Subsequent studies confirmed depressed sympathetic tone and retarded brainstem reflex indicating abnormal arousal threshold in enuretics. In accordance with the bladder-brain dialogue, chronic stimulation of bladder may modify the brainstem function elevating arousal threshold. Epidemiological studies have suggested the association between enuresis and various psychosomatic disorders like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which has shown the abnormal brainstem reflex similar to enuresis. Taken together, CNS is assumed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of enuresis. Psychological assessment is vital to understand the psychodynamic effect of enuresis. Studies have shown that the prevalence of psychological problems was higher in enuretic children and externalization of the symptoms was usually found. Several explanations have been brought up regarding the development of enuresis and psychological problems. Enuresis may cause psychological problems and vice versa. Otherwise, both may be associated with other variables, such as socioeconomic status (SES).

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제14권1_2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1978

Ban formulated the concept of 'sympathetic center' and 'parasympathetic center' in the central nervous system, and Folkow et al. reported that the electric stimulation of the posterior part of hypothalamus induced the marked liberation of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla. Tatum reported that the hyperglycemic action of picrotoxin is contributed to the cathecholamines liberation from adrenal medulla by the excitation of hypothalamus via splanchnic nervous plexus. In this paper, the relationship between the convulsive action and the hyperglycemic effect of picrotoxin was investigated, with references to the influences of several drugs related with adrenergic function and two intravenous anesthetics on the picrotoxin hyperglycemia. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) There was no difference between the convulsive dose(1. 5mg/kg) and the subconvulsive dose (0.75mg/kg) of picrotoxin in its hyperglycemic effect that was not affected with the phenobarbital pretreatment, but the efficacy of its hyperglycemic action was more prominent than that of strychnine. 2) The hyperglycemic effect of picrotoxin was markedly suppressed by the pretreatment of thiopental or ketamine. 3) The hyperglycemic effect was not affected by the reserpine pretreatment, but the effect was markedly suppressed by the pretreatment of iproniazid or chlorpromazine. 4) The hyperglycemic effect of picrotoxin was significantly suppressed by the pretreatment of hexamethonium, propranolol or guanethidine, and the order of those suppressing efficacy was propranolol> hexamethonium> guanethidine.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 1976

It has been reported that many of the effects of digitalis glycosides could be mediated partly through the central nervous system. In this study the effects of ouabain given directly into the lateral ventricle of the brain on the renal function of the rabbit were investigated. Intraventricular ouabain elicited antidiuresis in doses ranging from 0.1 to $3\;{\mu}g$, exhibiting a rough dose-response relationship, and decreased the renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate and urinary excretion of sodium and potassium, concomitant with the decrease of urine flow. These decreases in urine flow, excretory rate of electrolytes significantly correlated with the decrease in renal plasma flow or glomerular filtration rate, suggesting that the antidiuresis might have been induced by the hemodynamic changes. Intravenous ouabain in a dose of $1\;{\mu}g$ did not affect the renal function. Systemic blood pressure as well as cardiac activity was not affected by the intraventricular ouabain. Effects of the intraventricular ouabain on renal function were abolished by the intravenous phentolamine-pretreatment but not affected by intraventricular phentolamine-pretreatment. Neither vasopressin infusion nor hydration did affect the renal effects of intraventricular ouabain. From these observations, it is suggested that the antidiuresis of intraventricular ouabain is induced by the increased sympathetic influence to the kidney.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.349-354
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• 1993

To investigate the relations between the physical constitutions, the acid-base balance, and the autonomic nervous function, the blood gas, the heart rate and the concentrations of Na, K of serum were measured pre-and poststimulation. As the result, it is shown that in the normal condition the macro-negative(strong liver- weak lung type) is the metabolic alkalosis, the macro-positive (strong lung-weak liver type) is the metabolic acidosis, the micro-negative(strong kidney-weak spleen type) is the alkalosis and the micro-positive (strong spleen-weak kidney type) is the acidosis. And the ntacro-positive and micro-positive are the sympathetic lead, the macro-negative and micro-negative are the parasympathetic lead. In the macro-positive and micro-positive subjects, the concentration of K in serum is relatively high. This si coincided with the acidosis. But in the macro-negative and micro-negative subjects, the concentration of K in serum is relatively low. This is coincided with the alkalosis.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to examine the hypothesis that the structural imbalance affect cardiac function and autonomic reflex system and to investigate the possibility of the chiropractic care for cardiovascular system. Methods : 78 of Dong-Guk University students with structural imbalance were recruited for the investigation from March to June 2007. Heart rate variability, Buss and Durkee Hostility inventory(BDHI) and physical examinations to evaluate psoas muscle contracture were performed. Results : Left psoas muscle contracture was associated with decrease of LF/HF ratio(p=0.048). Conclusion : Left side contracture of psoas muscle showed a tendency to decrease sympathetic activity.