• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.157-177
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• 2001

Modern society's technological and economical changes require high-level education that involve critical thinking, problem solving, and communication with others. Thus, today's perspective of mathematics and mathematics learning recognizes a potential symbolic relationship between concrete and abstract mathematics. If the problems engage students' interests and aspiration, mathematical problems can serve as a source of their motivation. In addition, if the problems stimulate students'thinking, mathematical problems can also serve as a source of meaning and understanding. From these perspectives, the purpose of my study is to prove that mathematical modeling tasks can provide opportunities for students to attach meanings to mathematical calculations and procedures, and to manipulate symbols so that they may draw out the meanings out of the conclusion to which the symbolic manipulations lead. The review of related literature regarding mathematical modeling and model are performed as a theoretical study. I especially concentrated on the study results of Freudenthal, Fischbein, Lesh, Disessea, Blum, and Niss's model systems. We also investigate the emphasis of mathematising, the classified method of mathematical modeling, and the cognitive nature of mathematical model. And We investigate the purposes of model construction and the instructive meaning of mathematical modeling. In conclusion, we have presented the methods that promote students' effective model construction ability. First, the teaching and the learning begins with problems that reflect reality. Second, if students face problems that have too much or not enough information, they will construct useful models in the process of justifying important conjecture by attempting diverse models. Lastly, the teachers must understand the modeling cycle of the students and evaluate the effectiveness of the models that the students have constructed from their classroom observations, case study, and interaction between the learner and the teacher.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.587-616
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• 2010

Just after decolonization in 1945, there was no basic research in Korea representing only 12 PhD's and about 300 college graduates of science and technology areas. Now, the symbols of basic scientific research have been developed to 66,000 university researchers in science and technology area and 36,000 SCI papers. The government can be credited as playing the most important role in such development, but there are no studies about what are the process and details of the policies. 1his paper examines the flow of major events in the basic scientific research through government policies suggesting a chronological table. The selection and checking of each event were supported by two other experts besides two authors. We divide policies for basic scientific research with policy infrastructure, administration system, and policy subject. Policy subject is further divided into research environment, research infrastructure, and human resources. The results are threefold. We show that basic scientific research has progressed over 5 stages of development, and 15 significant incidents has occurred. Also, major events were done not solely by the government, but also the requests by researchers. Scientific society has continually put the impetus on the government.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.270-279
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• 1997

The conversion of printed maps into computerized databases is an enormous task. Thus the automation of the conversion process is essential. Efficient computer representation of printed maps and line drawings depends on codes assigned to characters, symbols, and vector representation of the graphics. In many cases, maps are constructed in a number of layers, where each layer is printed in a distinct color, and it represents a subset of the map information. In order to properly represent the character layer from color map images, an interactive clustering and character extraction technique is proposed. Character is usually separated from graphics by extracting and classifying connected components in the image. But this procedure fails, when characters touch or overlap lines-something that occurs often in land register maps. By vectorizing line segments, the touched characters and numbers are extracted. The algorithm proposed in this paper is intended to contribute towards the solution of the color image clustering and touched character problem.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.661-669
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• 2000

DS-CDMA downlink distinguishes actual user by orthogonal spreading codes ,but its orthogonality may be lost by the multiple access interference(MAI) caused by the multipath channel. Therefore in this paper, we proposed the single-user receiver, which use linear channel equalizer to eliminate the interference due to multipath channel and to recover orthogonality and then use code-matched filter to detect transmitted data. Unlike existing research, which mainly assumed ideal channel information, we use pilot channel assisted methods that is a kind of transmission of a parallel reference method to estimate the channel coefficients. Especially we use guard symbols which are inserted periodically to estimate channel coefficients exactly without interference from user signal. The results show that we accepted an approximately ideal channel information and achieved excellent performance improvement using proposed receiver compared with the conventional receiver especially user populations are high.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1231-1243
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• 1997

Digital satellite communication channels have nonlinearities with memory due to saturation characteristics of traveling wave tube amplifier in the satellite and transmitter/receiver linear filters. In this paper, we propose a network structure and a learning algorithm for complex pi-sigma network (CPSK) and exploit CPSN in the problem of equalization of nonlinear satellite channels. The proposed CPSN is a complex-valued extension of real-valued pi-sigma network that is a higher-order feedforward network with fast learning while greatly reducing network complexity by utilizing efficient form of polynomials for many input variables. The performance of the proposed CPSN is demonstrated by computer simulations on the equalization of complex-valued QPSK input symbols distorted by a nonlinear channel modeled as a Volterra series and additive noise. The results indicate that the CPSN shows good equalization performance, fast convergence, and less computations as compared to conventional higher-order models such as Volterra filters.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

Flexibility, love of symbols, small size-these are all qualites that accompany the proclivity towards compactness in Japanese culture. They developed and have been refined to an unusual level in Japan partly out of the necessity to use limited space economically, but these qualities also characterize the aesthetic preferences of the people. Because space is so precious, it receives a great deal of attention in every aspect of life. Over the centuries Japanese have devised innumerable ways to use space that are ingenious in their successful combination of pragmatism, harmony, and beauty. Folding, stacking, rolling, nesting, carrying, consolidating, miniaturizing and transforming are some of the techniques for living that have created the compact culture. Folding allows a one-dimensional object to be placed in prescribed small space. Stacking objects of the same shape makes use of vertical space, saving valuable horizontal space. Rolling an object reduces it to a tidy cylinder without creasing it, creating yet another form of repose for functionally flat things. Nesting several identically shaped objects of graduated sizes is known as ireko. Carrying things by hand makes them available for any occasion, by plan or on impulse. Consolidating is to bring together the multifarious systems of living into an integrated whole. Miniaturizing things is a way to bring even the universe down to the scale of a human hand. Transforming the face of things is another notable propensity in the Japanese life style. Each one is put to use in countless ways, suggesting principles and conceptions that encapsulate the wisdom of tradition. In this study I wishes to investigate the principals of Japanese traditional design and the applied case in fashion goods.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2006

As fashion is a reflection of a way of life, jean fashion seems to be a reflection of the background and process of social-human psychology. Modern jeans reflect personality and trend rather than traditional practicality as indicated by the concept and emphasis of fashion. Since the early 1990s, practical use of jeans has appeared consistently in products for interior use, various kinds of fashion-ware and fashion properties, as well as in fashion that is a conversion and interpretation of an outstanding fashion trend. And the search, providing that various symbols of jeans are sensualism, deviation, ostentation, amusement and multi-culture, shows that jeans represent the multifarious aspects of fashion culture. For the purpose and necessity of this search to meet different consumers' desires by the practical use of jeans and the development of fashion-ware. First, investigate the trend of jeans in 2005. Second, try to change the various uses of jeans by reflecting the trend of jeans. Finally, extend the range of choice by developing various goods. As a result, basic jeans have the strength of function, activity, and originality. Use of ornamental jeans can fully show their value as well as their emphasis of individuality in beauty. If we consider these points, we can minimize the limitations of jeans and make a practical use of the fashion trend, If we make the function of jeans stand out through the use of varieties of materials, the modem characteristic consumption will be met by the various change of use as well as by the clothes.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2017

In recent years, new technologies such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing and Big Data are being widely used. And the type and amount of data is dramatically increasing. This makes security an important issue. In terms of leakage of sensitive personal information. In order to protect confidential information, a method called anonymization is used to remove personal identification elements or to substitute the data to some symbols before distributing and sharing the data. However, the existing method performs anonymization by generalizing the level of quasi-identifier hierarchical. It requires a higher level of generalization in case where k-anonymity is not satisfied since records in data table are either added or removed. Loss of information is inevitable from the process, which is one of the factors hindering the utility of data. In this paper, we propose a novel anonymization technique using decision tree based machine learning to improve the utility of data by minimizing the loss of information.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.74-90
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• 1999

There are many chapters in "The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classics(黃帝內經)" regarding systemizing months, seasons, meridians, the internal organs(藏府), and parts of body, However it is very confusing because in every chapter, they have different standards. In "Maek'ae(脈解)" of "Plain Questions(素問)", months are related to three $\breve{U}$m and three Yang(三陰三陽). In "Kuoh'imnon(九鍼論)" of "Miraculous Pivot(靈樞)", parts of body are related to seasons and days. In "$\breve{U}$myanggyeirwol(陰陽繫日月)" of "Miraculous Pivot(靈樞)", 12 meridians are related to the Heavenly Streams & Earthly Branches(干支). In "Chinyogy$\breve{o}$ngjongnon(診要經終論)" of "Plain Questions(素問)", the internal organs(藏府) and the head are related to months. In "K$\breve{u}$mgwejin$\breve{o}$llon(金匱眞言論)" of "Plain Questions(素問)", parts of body are related to four seasons. Following statements can be concluded when analyzed with the theory of y$\breve{o}$k(易). 1. Both in "The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classics(黃帝內經)" and "Chuyok(周易)", $\breve{U}$m and Yang are thought as the basis of everything and every change that occur in this universe is by the fluctuation of Yin and Yang. This rule is also applied to our body. 2. "Maek'ae(脈解)" of "Plain Questions(素問)" is related to the theory of twelve principal divinatory symbols and "Kuoh'imnon(九鍼論)" of "Miraculous Pivot(靈樞)" is closely related to the theory of eight divinatory saymbols-direction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2016

The cyber world is organically alive. It continues to evolve as humans interact with it. Real life and virtual reality are directly or indirectly connected through technology at the network terminal. Branding, in the cyber world, is created by BI(Brand Identity), using designed symbols and logotype developed with digital technology. The objective of this study is to improve the brand value of enterprises and organizations through the use of moving images to adapt to the mobile environment in this rapidly changing cyber world. First, the basic concepts of brand identity, structure, and integrated brand identity were studied. Next, case studies of overseas enterprise branding such Swisscom, HP, BBC were analyzed examining their design concepts and implementation of integrated moving brands. Finally, moving brand identity is explored, for value enhancement, in my projects in ACM SIG CHI 2015, HCI Korea 2014, Aegis Ship 'Yulgok YiYi.' with a discussion of design planning and results. This treatise will contribute to the improvement of brand strategy and design in this country.