• 제목/요약/키워드: Symbiotic fungus

검색결과 25건 처리시간 0.017초

Tea fungus 발효음료 제조시 발효계의 미생물상 (Microflora Occurring in the Fermentation by Tea Fungus)

  • 최미애;최경호;김정옥
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제6권1호
    • /
    • pp.56-65
    • /
    • 1996
  • 10%의 sucrose를 첨가한 홍차추출물에 tea fungus를 접종하여 (30^{\circ.)$에서 정치배양하여 발효하였다. 14일 동안의 발효에 의해 배양액의 전표면에 7~8mm의 두꺼운 피막이 생겼으며, 배양액의 pH가 2.5 부근으로 저하되었다. 발효 과정 중 아래쪽의 배양액에서는 효모(Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Eeniella sp.)와 여러종류의 세균(Bacillus subtilis, Kurthia zopfli, Gluconobacter oxydans와 Deinococcus sp.)이 분리되었다. 반면에 피막 부위에서는 Acetobacter aceti의 단일균주가 분리되었으며 이 세균은 통상의 Acetobacter와는 달리 점질상의 덩어리로 성장하였다. 발효음료는 달고 새콤한 맛과 약간의 달콤한 과일향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 tea fungus에 의한 홍차발효는 다양한 미생물이 공동으로 작용하여 진행되는 symbiotic acetate발효로서, 발효음료는 생물학적으로 안전할 뿐만아니라 적당한 발효조건에 의해 좋은 향미를 갖춘 유망한 음료로 판단되었다.

  • PDF

Phylogenetic Relationships of the Mutualistic Fungi Associated with Macrotermes subhyalinus in Oman

  • Hilal S. AlShamakhi;Abdullah M. Al-Sadi;Lyn G. Cook
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • 제51권5호
    • /
    • pp.281-287
    • /
    • 2023
  • The symbiotic association between fungus-gardening termites Macrotermes and its fungal symbiont has a moderate degree of specificity-although the symbiotic fungi (Termitomyces) form a monophyletic clade, there is not a one-to-one association between termite species and their fungus-garden associates. Here, we aim to determine the origin and phylogenetic relationships of Termitomyces in Oman. We used sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rRNA, 25S) gene and analyzed these with sequences of Termitomyces from other geographic areas. We find no evidence for more than a single colonization of Oman by Termitomyces. Unexpectedly, we find Termitomyces in Oman is most closely related to the symbiont of M. subhyalinus in West Africa rather than to those of geographically closer populations in East Africa.

Current Status of Korean Lichen Research -Beginning and Prospect

  • Hur Jae-Seoun;Koh Young Jin
    • 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국미생물학회 2003년도 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea
    • /
    • pp.16-18
    • /
    • 2003
  • Lichen is one of the most widely distributed eucaryotic organisms in the world. Lichen is the result of a symbiotic association between two unrelated organisms - a fungus and an alga (or cyanobacterium). Researches in Korean lichens were mainly focused on investigation of Korean lichen flora and most of them were primitive and short-term based projects until 1990's. In this communication, current status and prospect of Korean lichen research are briefly discussed with emphasis of KoLRI (Korean Lichen Research Institute) activities and roles in national research projects on bioresource development in Korea.

  • PDF

흰목이와 Hypoxylon sp.균의 균사적 특성 (Mycelial Properties of Tremella fuciformis and Hypoxylon sp.)

  • 장현유
    • 한국균학회지
    • /
    • 제26권3호통권86호
    • /
    • pp.321-326
    • /
    • 1998
  • 흰목이 2핵균사는 색택이 흰색과 노란색의 중간이며 균사의 직경은 $1.5{\sim}3.0\;{\mu}m$이고 균사의 격막이 있는 곳에 클램프 연결체가 있다. Hypoxylon sp.(공생균)의 균사는 흰색이며 깃과 같은 모양이고 길고 가는 주요균사는 깃과 같은 가지를 친 균사를 가진다. 오래된 균사는 연노랑 혹은 연갈색이며 배양배지가 점차 연갈색에서 갈색이나 진한 녹색으로 변한다. 보통 분생자는 잘 생성되지 않으나 생성될 경우 분생자는 노랑${\sim}$녹색에서 연두색이며 형태는 반타원형이며 약 $3{\sim}5\;{\mu}m$의 크기이다. 흰목이의 자실층 발아에 의해 생성되는 담자포자는 발아관과 효모상 분열자의 두가지 방법으로 생성되며 담자포자와 효모상 분열자는 둘다 1핵체이며 발아후 1차 균사를 생성한다. 1차 균사의 융합후 담자기는 클램프를 갖는 2차 균사로 생성한다. 효모상 분생자는 발아하여 두꺼운 벽을 가진 젤라틴질 균사로 자라며 재배배지에서는 노란균사의 집단으로 발달한다. 2차균사는 환경조건이 알맞으면 톱밥배지에서 자실체를 형성한다.

  • PDF

뽕나무버섯균 균사속과 천마의 공생관계에 대한 조직학적 관찰 (Histological Observation on the Symbiotic Relationships Between Gastrodia elata and Rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea)

  • 김용규;김명곤;윤숙;홍재식
    • 한국균학회지
    • /
    • 제28권1호
    • /
    • pp.41-45
    • /
    • 2000
  • 천마와 뽕나무버섯균 균사속과의 공생관계 규명을 위한 광학 및 전자현미경을 이용한 조직학적 연구를 수행한 결과 천마에 의해서 유도된 뽕나무버섯균의 균사속이 천마와 접촉하면 뽕나무버섯균 균사속의 침입에 의해 천마의 표피층은 심한 손상을 받게되며, 뽕나무버섯균의 균사속이 cortex층에 침입하여 내생균근을 형성하였다. 천마의 cortex층에 존재하는 내생균근으로부터 균사들이 각 피층세포에 침투해 들어간 균사속은 시간이 경과할 수록 균사결속이 상당히 와해되어지며, 균사속으로 부터 피층세포에 세포벽을 뚫고 세포 안으로 들어온 균사들은 천마에 의해 용해 분해 소화되어 뽕나무버섯 균사는 결국 천마의 영양원이 됨을 확인하였다. 또한 뽕나무버섯균의 침식을 받은 cortical cell에서 세포 및 핵이 비감염 부위보다 $1.5{\sim}2$배 가량 커짐을 확인 할 수 있다.

  • PDF

The Presence and Importance of VAM Spores in the Soil of Ginseng Gardens

  • Weber, Hans-Christian
    • 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 고려인삼학회 1998년도 Advances in Ginseng Research - Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ginseng -
    • /
    • pp.90-95
    • /
    • 1998
  • Symbiotic associations between land plants and fungi have been known for more than one hundred years. Vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM) are the most common symbiosis in flowering plants and can be recognized in almost all plant families. These fungal associations play a very important role in the growth and survival of plant species. However, with respect to the importance and intensity of the VAM, there is great variation among host species. Our knowledge of the VAM fungus-plant association in Araliaceae is very limited. After the first reports of the occurence of VAM in lateral roots of Panax species, mycorrhizal structures are now described as special structures representing the so-called Paris type. In this type, the development of new spores and vesicles is extremely low. This and the type of colonization of the fungus in Panax roots indicates on, one hand, the high intensity of the VAM and, on the other hand, a remarkable dependency for VAM in members of the Panax species. Therefore, it can be easily understood that cultivated Panax plants exhibit a significant uptake of nutrients and this leads to an extremely depleted soil at harvest. Further, the soil is nearly free of the spores of VAM fungi as they germinate each year on the newly developing Panax roots.

  • PDF

Hepatoprotective and Curative Properties of Kombucha Tea Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Toxicity

  • Murugesan, G.S.;Sathishkumar, M.;Jayabalan, R.;Binupriya, A.R.;Swaminathan, K.;Yun, S.E.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제19권4호
    • /
    • pp.397-402
    • /
    • 2009
  • Kombucha tea(KT) is sugared black tea fermented with a symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts, which is said to be tea fungus. KT is claimed to have various beneficial effects on human health, but there is very little scientific evidence available in the literature. In the present study, KT along with black tea(BT) and black tea manufactured with tea fungus enzymes(enzyme-processed tea, ET) were evaluated for hepatoprotective and curative properties against $CCl_4$-induced toxicity, using male albino rats as an experimental model by analyzing aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase in plasma and malondialdehyde content in plasma and liver tissues. Histopathological analysis of liver tissue was also included. Results showed that BT, ET, and KT have the potential to revert the $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity. Among the three types of teas tried, KT was found to be more efficient than BT and ET. Antioxidant molecules produced during the fermentation period could be the reason for the efficient hepatoprotective and curative properties of KT against $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity.

Characterization of a Septobasidium sp. Associated with Felt Disease of Schisandra chinensis

  • Choi, In-Young;Lee, Wang-Hyu;Lee, Jong-Jin;Park, Mi-Jeong;Ko, Jeong-Ae;Choi, Jeong-Ran;Shin, Hyeon-Dong
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • 제44권1호
    • /
    • pp.58-62
    • /
    • 2016
  • Extensive disease surveys performed during the summers of 2013 and 2014 in Schisandra chinensis orchards resulted in the finding of a Septobasidium sp. associated with felt disease. The fungus was characterized to be symbiotic with a scale insect (Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli). Morphological and molecular characteristics of the Septobasidium isolates were investigated. The isolates were morphologically and phylogenetically close to S. bogoriense. We tentatively describe this isolate as a Septobasidium sp., mainly because of the limited amount of information available on the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA of Septobasidium spp.

Neocosmospora rubicola, an Unrecorded Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Korea

  • Kim, Jin-Hee;Kim, Dong-Yeo;Park, Hyeok;Cho, Jae Hee;Eom, Ahn-Heum
    • 한국균학회지
    • /
    • 제45권1호
    • /
    • pp.63-67
    • /
    • 2017
  • Through a survey of symbiotic endophytic fungi, we isolated an endophyte fungal strain from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Korea. The isolated fungal strain was identified using its morphological characteristics and through phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer, the large subunit rDNA region, and the translation elongation factor region. The strain was identified as Neocosmospora rubicola. This species has not been previously reported in Korea. In this study, we report its isolation from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Korea, followed by the characterization and identification of the strain.

뽕나무버섯(Armillaria mellea) 균사체 생산의 최적화 (Optimal Condition for Mycelial Production of Armillaria mellea)

  • 김명곤;최한석;박효숙;김성준
    • 한국균학회지
    • /
    • 제31권3호
    • /
    • pp.187-191
    • /
    • 2003
  • 뽕나무 버섯균은 식용버섯으로써 노인병, 중풍, 현기증, 두통, 신경쇠약, 불면증, 사지마비, 소아마비, 간질 등에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있으므로, 뽕나무 버섯 균사체의 고농도 배양을 위한 최적 조건확립 하고자 하였다. 뽕나무 버섯균사체 생산의 최적배지 선정을 위하여 7종의 배지를 대상으로 수행한 결과 맥아즙배지가 뽕나무 버섯 균사체 생산에 가장 우수하였다. 맥아즙 배지에서 뽕나무 버섯균 균사체 생산을 위한 적정조건은 맥아즙 농도 $15\;Brix^{\circ}$이었으며 온도, pH, 배양기간의 조건을 반응표면 분석법에 의해서 실행한 결과, $25.9^{\circ}C$, pH 5.72, 15.22일의 배양에서 3,40 g/50 ml의 최대 예측치를 나타내었다. 이는 실제 실험결과치와도 대체로 일치하는 경향이었다.