• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2023

Liquid silicon rubber (LSR) has fine thermal compatibility and is widely used in various fields such as medical care and automobiles because it is easy to implement products with good fluidity. With the recent development of flexible sensors, the focus has been on manufacturing conductive elastomers, such as silicone as elastic materials, and carbon black, CNT, and graphene are mainly used as nanomaterials that impart conductive phases. In this study, mechanical behavior and curing behavior were measured and analyzed to manufacture a CB-LSR complex by adding Carbon Black to LSR and to identify properties. As a result of the compression test, the elastic modulus tended to increase as carbon black was added. When the swelling test and the compression set test were conducted, the swelling rate tended to decrease as the content of carbon black increased, and the compression set tended to increase. In addition, DSC measurements showed that the total amount of reaction heat increased slightly as the carbon black content increased. It is considered that carbon black was involved in the crosslinking of LSR to increase the crosslinking density and have a positive effect on oil resistance reinforcement.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.440-445
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• 2010

Effect of brine mineral water(BMW) on contact hypersensitivity reaction(CHR) was estimated using trimellitic anhydride (TMA) induced CHR in the mouse. BMW exhibited potent inhibitory activity on TMA induced CHR. BMW treatment suppressed the ear swelling, and attenuated hyper-activated lymph nodes stimulated by TMA challenge, thereby reduced their weight. The immunological index was analyzed after BMW administration in CHR. The level of serum IgE was significantly down regulated after BMW treatment. Furthermore, BMW showed inhibitory property of cytokine production. BMW treatment suppressed not only Th2 type cytokine, IL-4 but also pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6. From the histological analysis, the inflammatory context appeared by atopic dermatitis lesion after challenging with TMA are diminished by BMW treatment. Our results suggest that BMW may attenuate the development of CHR, and can be available for functional ingredient.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.240-249
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• 2001

Objective : Anal Therapy is another way of taking medicine and applies to each field of clinical treatment extensively. Sinpo-tang(SPT) has been used for the treatment of a allergic rhinitis. In this study, the auther investigated the anti anaphylactic action of Sinpo-tang by anal therapy was investigated on cutaneous allergic reaction models. Methods : Results : 1. Sinpo-tang (0,001-0.1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited the compound 48/80-induced ear swelling response in mice. Inhibitory effect of Sinpo-tang was significant (P < 0.05) at the doses of 0.01, 0.1 g/kg. 2. Sinpo-tang (0.001-0.1 g/kg) inhibited the cutaneous allergic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl IgE in rats. Of special note, Sinpo-tang (0.1 g/kg) inhibited the cutaneous allergic reaction by $68\%$. 3. This inhibitory effect of Sinpo-tang was confirmed by observation of alcian blue/nuclear fast red stained-mast cells in the cutaneous tissue. 4. Sinpo-tang (0.01-1 g/L) dose-dependently inhibited the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from the peritoneal mast cells. Conclusions :These results indicate that anal therapy of Sinpo-tang may be beneficial in the treatment of mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro.

• 폴리머
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2005

화학적 가교와 방사선 가교에 의해 내열특성을 가진 PVA 수화젤을 제조하였다. 제조된 수화젤의 젤화율, 팽윤도와 젤강도 같은 기계적 특성을 측정하였다. 젤화율은 화학적 가교 반응시간과 방사선 조사선량이 증가할수록 증가하였고, 화학적 가교 후에 방사선 가교를 했을 경우에 화학적 가교만 했을 때보다 높은 값을 보였다. 젤강도는 화학적 가교 반응시간이 증가할수록 증가하였고, 방사선 조사선량이 감소할수록 증가하였다. 5시간 화학적 가교만 한수화젤과 화학적 가교 후에 방사선 가교를 한 수화젤이 고온에서의 내열특성이 우수하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2016

Background Bioabsorbable plates and screws are commonly used to reduce maxillofacial bones, particularly in pediatric patients because they degrade completely without complications after bone healing. In this study, we encountered eight cases of a delayed foreign body reaction after surgical fixation with bioabsorbable plates and screws. Methods A total of 234 patients with a maxillofacial fracture underwent surgical treatment from March 2006 to October 2013, in which rigid fixation was achieved with the Inion CPS (Inion, Tampere, Finland) plating system in 173 patients and Rapidsorb (Synthes, West Chester, PA, USA) in 61 patients. Their mean age was 35.2 years (range, 15-84 years). Most patients were stabilized with two- or three-point fixation at the frontozygomatic suture, infraorbital rim, and anterior wall of the maxilla. Results Complications occurred in eight (3.4%) of 234 patients, including palpable, fixed masses in six patients and focal swelling in two patients. The period from surgical fixation to the onset of symptoms was 9-23 months. Six patients with a mass underwent secondary surgery for mass removal. The masses contained fibrous tissue with a yellow, grainy, cloudy fluid and remnants of an incompletely degraded bioabsorbable plate and screws. Their histological findings demonstrated a foreign body reaction. Conclusions Inadequate degradation of bioabsorbable plates caused a delayed inflammatory foreign body reaction requiring secondary surgery. Therefore, it is prudent to consider the possibility of delayed complications when using bioabsorbable plates and surgeons must conduct longer and closer follow-up observations.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

Objective: Chronic otitis media is an inflammation and infection of the middle ear which is persistent. Chronic otitis media occurs when the eustachian tube becomes blocked repeatedly, multiple infections, ear trauma, or swelling of the adenoids. A chronic ear may be the result of an acute ear infection that does not clear completely, or the result of recurrent ear infections. A chronic ear infection may be more destructive than an acute ear infection because its effects are prolonged, and it may cause permanent damage to the ear. Methods : Experimental animals made use of 4-5 weeks age(weight 20-25g) ICR(male)mouse. In the breeding farm, the lighting time was controlled from 7:00 am until 7:00 pm, the temperature was controlled within $22{\pm}0.5{\circ}$ and water and food were not limited. The extracts which were extracted from Hwangginaetak-san devided low dose group( 1.0g/kg-HN) and high dose group(3.0g/kg-HN), they were intragastrically administered to the mouse of sample A and sample B prior to LPS I.P injection. Compared with inflammation induced group which were induced by LPS, we measured the WBC count, IL-6 level in plasma and TNF-${\alpha}$ level in plasma. Results: 1. Hwangginaetak-san decreased WBC count in inflammatory reaction induced by LPS 2. Hwangginaetak-san decreased IL-6 level in inflammatory reaction induced by LPS. 3. Hwangginaetak-san didn't decreased TNF-${\alpha}$ level in inflammatory reaction induced by LPS Conclusion: According to above results, Hwangginaetak-san was improved its suppression effect to the inflammatory reaction through WBC count and IL-6 level. So Hwangginaetak-san is considered to be used for treatment of chronic otitis media by controlling the WBC count and IL-6 level in plasma.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.288-295
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• 2000

가황 EPDM(ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer) 고무를 화학적 탈황처리 방법을 통하여 가교 밀도를 감소시키고자 시도하였다. 화학적 탈황처리를 위하여 상이동 촉매(phase transfer catalyst), 알카리 금속인 sodium, triphenylphosphine 등을 탈황 조제로 사용하였으며 또한 2-butanol을 탈황반응의 반응용매로 사용한 경우에 대한 탈황처리 효과도 아울러 조사하였다. 4급 암모니움염 형태의 상이동 촉매를 탈황반응에 이용할 경우 촉매의 분자량에 따른 변화 그리고 bromide(Br) 음이온 대비 chloride(Cl)음이온 사용에 따른 변화 등을 비교하였다. Sodium(Na)을 탈황반응에 투여할 경우 Na의 사용량, 반응온도, 반응시간 그리고 반응 분위기로 이용된 수소가스의 압력 등 반응변수에 따른 탈황효과를 살펴보았다. 가교밀도를 정량적으로 나타내는 수치인 $M_c$값(가교점 사이의 수평균 분자량)을 평형팽윤법을 이용하여 실험적으로 결정하였고 가황 EPDM 고무시료의 탈황효과 분석은 탈황 전과 탈황 후 시료에 대한 $M_c$ 값을 비교함으로써 수행되었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.10-21
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• 2001

Objective : To investigate the effect between Fructus Immaturus Ponciri (FIP, the immature fruit of Poncirus trifoliata) and Fructus Ponciri (FP, the ripe fruit of Poncirus trifoliata) on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. Methods : We performed anaphylactic reaction, histamine release, cAMP, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IgE. Results : The aqueous extract of FIP dose-dependently inhibited systemic and local allergic reaction was induced by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE in a murine model. FIP also significantly inhibited mast cell-dependent ear swelling response induced by topical application of compound 48/80. When mice were orally pretreated with FIP, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. FIP dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) was activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The level of cAMP in RPMCs, when FIP was added, increased compared with that of a normal or control. In addition, FIP had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-a ($TNF-{\alpha}$) production from the RPMCs and IgE produced by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine whole spleen cells or U266B1 as human IgE-bearing B cells. However, FP showed the lower inhibition rate than those of FIP in above all allergic reactions. Conclusion : These data have important implications for our understanding of the clinical effects of FIP and FP on allergic diseases, and FIP is more effective than FP on the allergic reaction.

• 약학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2011

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer consisting of disaccharide units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It has a great potential and success in cosmetic and biomedical applications. However, native HA is highly soluble and easily metabolized by enzymes such as hyaluronidase. Thus, various studies have been reported on modifying the physicochemical properties of HA, while maintaining its biocompatibility. For controlled drug delivery, many trials for fabricating HA microspheres were achieved under chemical reaction. The HA microspheres fabricated to improve the physical stability of HA using adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) by cross-linking reaction has been reported earlier, however it lacks the desired physical stability and rapidly decomposes by swelling or enzymes. Therefore, we prepared double cross-linked HA microspheres (DC-HA microspheres) and alginate containing HA microspheres (AC-HA microspheres) to enhance its physicochemical properties. DC-HA microspheres were prepared using trisodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) under crosslinking reaction after ADH cross-linking reaction. AC-HA microspheres were prepared by adding alginate as a networking polymer. These microspheres were characterized by morphology, particle size, zeta potential, stability against hyaluronidase. Results showed that the DC-HA and AC-HA microspheres are more stable than that of HA microspheres.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2005

Objective: Danguieumja-gagambang (DGEJGB), a traditional Korean prescription, has been used as therapeutics for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). In this study, we compared with regulatory Effect of Atopic Allergic Reaction by Prescriptions A and by Prescriptions B. Methods : To evaluate and compare the atopic allergic effectiveness of two prescription (A, B) of DGEJGB, the author investigated a possible effect of DGEJGB on mast cell-mediated allergic reaction, cytokine secretion and mRNA expression in vivo and in vitro. Results : Mast cells are a potent source of mediators that regulate the inflammatory response in allergic reaction. In mice orally administered A, B of DGEJGB ( 0.1, 0.1 and 1.0 g/kg) for 1 h, compound 48/80-induced ear swelling was significantly reduced. Significant reduced levels (P < 0.05). of tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ was observed in the human mast cell line (HMC-1) with DGEJGB (A). IL-6 and IL-8 secretion were significantly inhibited by DGEJGB (A, B). In addition, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-8 mRNA expression were reduced by DGEJGB (A) at the dose of 0.01 mg/ml without cell toxicity. Conclusions : These results suggest that DGEJGB (A) contributes to the treatment of atopic allergic reactions rather than DGEJGB (B), and that its action may be due to inhibition of cytokine secretion and mRNA expression HMC-1.