• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2010

수심측량 자료는 선박의 항행안전을 위한 필수자료이며 해양의 합리적 이용과 보전을 위한 기초자료이다. 최근 IT기술과 측위장비(GPS와 INS), 수심관측 장비(Echo Sounder)의 발달로 멀티빔(Multi Beam Echo Sounder) 방식을 이용하여 정밀한 해저지형 자료DB를 구축하고 있다. MBES 자료에는 다양한 요인으로 인하여 오차를 포함하고 있으며, 일부 자료에서 지형이 지그재그한 물결현상을 발생하는 오차들이 발생한다. 물결무늬를 발생시키는 오차는 MBES 자료 처리결과의 정확도를 저해하는 요인이며, 발생 원인을 파악하여 이러한 오측자료 제거를 통하여 정확도를 향상시키고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 MBES 자료를 이용하여 물결 무늬 현상이 발생하는 자료에 대한 Motion sensor 값을 분석하여 오측자료의 원인을 파악하였다 분석결과, 물결무늬 현상은 Roll의 표준편차와 상관관계를 갖으며, 이러한 물결무늬 오측자료는 급격한 Roll 값의 변화로 인하여 Swath 자료와 Roll 값의 불일치 결과로 나타났다. 이를 근거로 Swath 자료의 기울기와 Roll 값의 비교하여 오측자료를 선별하여 제거하였다 오측자료를 제거한 결과. Motion sensor의 Roll 값의 표준연차 등을 이용하여 MBES 자료의 품질을 판단하고, 불일치 자료를 최소화하는 추가적인 오차 요인을 계산할 수 있을 것이라 예상된다 또한, 해황조건이 고르지 못한 상황 및 Sensor의 움직임이 크게 일어나는 소형 선박 등에 척용을 하면 수심측량 정확도 개선에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.303-314
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• 2011

Surface albedo is an important parameter of the surface energy budget, and its accurate quantification is of major interest to the global climate modeling community. Therefore, in this paper, we consider the direct solution of kernel based bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) models for retrieval of normalized reflectance of high resolution satellite. The BRD effects can be seen in satellite data having a wide swath such as SPOT/VGT (VEGETATION) have sufficient angular sampling, but high resolution satellites are impossible to obtain sufficient angular sampling over a pixel during short period because of their narrow swath scanning when applying semi-empirical model. This gives a difficulty to run BRDF model inferring the reflectance normalization of high resolution satellites. The principal purpose of the study is to estimate normalized reflectance of high resolution satellite (RapidEye) through BRDF components from SPOT/VGT. We use semi-empirical BRDF model to estimated BRDF components from SPOT/VGT and reflectance normalization of RapidEye. This study used SPOT/VGT satellite data acquired in the S1 (daily) data, and within this study is the multispectral sensor RapidEye. Isotropic value such as the normalized reflectance was closely related to the BRDF parameters and the kernels. Also, we show scatter plot of the SPOT/VGT and RapidEye isotropic value relationship. The linear relationship between the two linear regression analysis is performed by using the parameters of SPOTNGT like as isotropic value, geometric value and volumetric scattering value, and the kernel values of RapidEye like as geometric and volumetric scattering kernel Because BRDF parameters are difficult to directly calculate from high resolution satellites, we use to BRDF parameter of SPOT/VGT. Also, we make a decision of weighting for geometric value, volumetric scattering value and error through regression models. As a result, the weighting through linear regression analysis produced good agreement. For all sites, the SPOT/VGT isotropic and RapidEye isotropic values had the high correlation (RMSE, bias), and generally are very consistent.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.390-393
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• 2006

It is well known that synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides information on ocean winds and surface waves. SAR data are of particularly high value in extreme weather conditions, as radar is able to penetrate the clouds providing information on different ocean surface processes. In this presentation some recent results on SAR observation of extreme wind and ocean wave conditions is summarised. Particular emphasize is put on the investigation of typhoons and extratropical cyclones in the North Pacific. The study is based on the use of ENVISAT ASAR wide swath images. Wide swath and scansar data are well suited for a detailed investigation of cyclones. Several examples like, e.g., typhoon Talim will be presented, demonstrating that these data provide valuable information on the two dimensional structure of the both the wind and the ocean wave field. Comparisons of the SAR observation with parametric and numerical model data will be discussed. Some limitations of standard imaging models like, e.g., CMOD5 for the use in extreme wind conditions are explained and modifications are proposed. Finally the study summarizes the capabilities of new high resolution TerraSAR-X mission to be launched in October 2006 with respect to the monitoring of extreme weather conditions. The mission will provide a spatialresolution up to 1m and has full polarimetric capabilities.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2007

Multi-Spectral Camera(MSC) on the KOMPSAT-2 satellite was developed and launched as a main payload to provide 1m of GSD(Ground Sampling Distance) for one(1) channel panchromatic imaging and 4m of GSD for four(4) channel multi-spectral imaging at 685km altitude covering l5km of swath width. Since the compression on MSC image chain was required to overcome the mismatch between input data rate and output date rate JPEG-like method was selected and analyzed to check the influence on the performance. In normal operation the MSC data is being acquired and transmitted with lossy compression ratio to cover whole image channel and full swath width in real-time. In the other hand the MSC performance have carefully been handled to avoid or minimize any degradation so that it was analyzed and restored in KGS(KOMPSAT Ground Station) during LEOP(Launch and Early Operation Phase). While KOMPSAT-2 had been developed, new compression method based upon wavelet for space application was introduced and available for next satellite. The study on improvement of image chain including new compression method is asked for next KOMPSAT which requires better GSD and larger swath width In this paper, satellite image chain which consists of on-board image chain and on-ground image chain including general MSC description is briefly described. The performance influences on the image chain between two on-board compression methods which are or will be used for KOMPSAT are analyzed. The differences on performance between two methods are compared and the better solution for the performance improvement of image chain on KOMPSAT is suggested.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.104-123
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• 2001

Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) can provide radar imagery in all weather, day and night situations. Recently SAR system consisted of several imaging modes, has been used for not only military purpose, but also commercial and scientific applications. This paper firstly reviews spaceborne SAR theory, specially scansar principle, and secondly the theories and the design procedures of system performance analysis in the scansar mode, which are different from the ones in the conventional stripmap mode. Based on the SAR-related knowledge, it lastly derives the results of performance analysis in wide swath mode using the scansar technique at the design phase. It shows that these results can meet the system requirements as given the customer. In future, they will continuously be updated using the real measurement data, in connection with the development of a spaceborne SAR system.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -3
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• pp.1436-1439
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• 2002

In this paper, based on the data link model characterized by the spaceborne small SAR system, the high rate multi-channel data link module is designed including link storage, link processor, transmitter, and wide-angle antenna. The design results are presented with the performance analysis on the data link budget as well as the multi-mode data rate in association with the SAR imaging mode of operation from high resolution to the wide swath.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2014

전통적인 스캔모드는 과거 Envisat이나 Radarsat 위성 등에서 사용되면서 환경 감시 및 관측 분야에 높은 효율성을 지닌 영상 획득을 수행하였으나 해상도의 저하 및 안테나 패턴의 왜곡으로 인해 영상 품질 저하 문제가 지적되어왔다. 최근 이러한 스캔 모드 영상의 단점을 극복하기 위한 새로운 운용 모드로서 TOPS SAR 기법이 제안되어 운용단계에 접어들었다. TOPS 모드는 단일 위성에서 높은 품질의 광역 관측 레이더 영상을 제공하지만 이를 실제로 구현하기 위해서는 매우 복잡한 시스템 설계 능력이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 TOPS 모드의 원리에 대해 소개하고, 모의 실험을 통하여 TOPS 모드의 동작을 구현한다. SAR 원시데이터를 가상으로 생성한 후 방위방향 안테나 패턴을 스캔 모드와 비교하여 TOPS 모드에서 스캔모드의 단점인 영상 품질 왜곡이 억제됨을 보인다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.663-663
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• 2002

The National Oceanographic Research Institute of KOREA started to survey for the basic data necessary to territorial sea and EEZ identification and marine development with Multi-Beam Echo Sounder(L3 SeaBeam 2112) since 1996. The Multi-Beam surveys has provided a very new and precise way of describing the morphology and nature of the underwater seabed. Multi-Beam Echo Sounder systems employ sound waves propagating at angles which vary from vertical to nearly horizontal. The locations on the bottom where echoes are generated cover a swath whose port to starboard width may be equal to many times the water depth. Newer Multi-beam bathymetric sonars provide both a beam by beam depth and backscatter amplitude of the bottom. But The backscattered amplitude didn't use for identification of bottom properties because backscatter amplitude effects by the many environmental variables of underwater and seabed. We investigates the utilization of geo-referenced backscatter amplitude and analysis of relationship between The Backscattered Amplitude and Sidescan Sonar imagery from Sea Beam 2112. For the backscattered amplitude imagery mainly represents the properties of sediment, we computed the beam geometry, time-varied amplifier gain, and mainly incidence angle to the topography using bathymetric model at each ping. In this paper, those issues are illustrated, and the angular independent imagery based on swath topographic model is described.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.653-664
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• 2010

The land surface reflectance is a key parameter influencing the climate near the surface. Therefore, it must be determined with sufficient accuracy for climate change research. In particular, the characteristics of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) when using earth observation system (EOS) are important for normalizing the reflected solar radiation from the earth's surface. Also, wide swath satellites like SPOT/VGT (VEGETATION) permit sufficient angular sampling, but high resolution satellites are impossible to obtain sufficient angular sampling over a pixel during short period because of their narrow swath scanning. This gives a difficulty to BRDF model based reflectance normalization of high resolution satellites. The principal objective of the study is to add BRDF modeling of high resolution satellites and to supply insufficient angular sampling through identifying BRDF components from SPOT/VGT. This study is performed as the preliminary data for apply to high-resolution satellite. The study provides surface parameters by eliminating BRD effect when calculated biophysical index of plant by BRDF model. We use semi-empirical BRDF model to identify the BRD components. This study uses SPOT/VGT satellite data acquired in the S1 (daily) data. Modeled reflectance values show a good agreement with measured reflectance values from SPOT satellite. This study analyzes BRD effect components by using the NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the angle components such as solar zenith angle, satellite zenith angle and relative azimuth angle. Geometric scattering kernel mainly depends on the azimuth angle variation and volumetric scattering kernel is less dependent on the azimuth angle variation. Also, forest from land cover shows the wider distribution of value than cropland, overall tendency is similar. Forest shows relatively larger value of geometric term ($K_1{\cdot}f_1$) than cropland, When performed comparison between cropland and forest. Angle and NDVI value are closely related.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2002

A high speed data link capability is one of the critical factors in determining the performance of the spaceborne SAR system with high resolution because of the strict requirement far the real-time data transmission of the massive SAR data in a limited time of mission. In this paper, based on the data lint model characterized by the spaceborne small SAR system, the high rate multi-channel data link module is designed including link storage, link processor, transmitter, and wide-angle antenna. The design results are presented with the performance analysis on the data link budget as well as the multi-mode data rate in association with the SAR imaging mode of operation from high resolution to the wide swath.