• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.982-988
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• 2009

In a surface type ac PDP having $200{\mu}m$ gap between the surface electrodes, the luminous efficacy has a reciprocal dependence on the sustaining frequency. The discharge current flowing to the address electrodes are measured to investigate the phenomena and spectral intensity from visible light to infra red is measured to verify phosphor saturation with the frequency. Experiments show the discharge between the address and surface electrodes deteriorates the efficacy in high sustaining frequencies. Pulse width modulation is introduced to improve the efficacy. In optimum conditions, we obtained 1.99lm/w and 1.79lm/w at 200kHz and 250kHz, respectively.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.159-162
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• 2007

Comparative study on a low cost sustaining driver with single and dual path energy recovery circuits for plasma display panels (PDPs) is shown in this paper. The cost of PDPs has been still high and about half of the cost has been occupied by driving circuit. A simple sustaining driver is proposed to reduce the cost and size of driving circuit. The proposed driver has small number of devices and reactive components and there are two methods for charging and discharging PDPs such as single and dual path energy recovery circuits. A comparative research on two-types of energy recovery path is practiced to evaluate performance. As a result, the dual energy recovery path circuit has low power consumption, low surge current and high performance. To verify those results, experiment will be shown with 42-inch HD panel.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2001년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.442-445
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• 2001

The sustaining driver for color ac plasma display panel should provide alternating high voltage pulses and recover the energy discharged from the intrinsic capacitance between the scanning and sustaining electrodes inside the panel. In this paper, a novel efficient energy recovery circuit employing boost-up function is proposed to achieve a faster rise-time and in order to obtain a stable sustain voltage. The principle of operation, features, and simulated results are illustrated and verified on an equivalent capacitance, which is equals In that of 40-inch-panel, 200 (kHz).

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 요약집
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• pp.71-71
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• 2003

• 의료법학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.413-459
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• 2008

The Law has intervened to define rare circumstances in which a person should choose continuing life in United States. On the one hand, the law has traditionally acted to preservelife and to respect the sanctity of life. On the other hand, one's control over one's own body, and the right to determine what kind of medical care one will receive, is equally well respected and historically grounded. The competent patients have the right to forgo life-sustaining treatment, courts in United States have left many unanswered questions about the nature of that right. The right to choose to forgo life-sustaining treatment is a manifestation of a patient's autonomy interest. In United States, The Karen Quilan case gave rise to legislative activity in the host of state capitals, and several states had adopted statutes that formally recognized some forms of written directives describing some circumstances in which certain kinds of medical care could be terminated. These statues were sometimes dominated 'living will' acts, sometimes 'right to die' acts and ocasionally 'natural death' acts. Today virtually every state has produced a living will statue. In Korea, courts do not permit a terminally ill person to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment. Living wills apply in case of terminal illness owing to a defect in legislation. Now In Korea, these lively dispute of legal policy on the preconditions and concrete procedure of living will act and natural death act. Through the legislation of living will act and natural death act, we should prepare some circumstances to respect patient's autonomy on the right to die. We should frame the cultural standard to make a decision of forgoing life-sustainin1g treatment under the discreet procedure.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

본 연구는 AC PDP(Plasma Display Panel)용 멀티레벨 에너지 회수회로에 관한 연구로서, 기존 멀티레벨 구동회로의 문제점을 해결한 새로운 멀티레벨 구동회로를 제안한다. 기존 멀티레벨 구동회로는 Weber회로에서 나타나는 스위칭 소자의 전압 및 전류 스트레스를 개선하였지만 공진 인덕터와 기생 커패시턴스에 의한 기생공진전류가 존재하고 하드스위칭이 발생하며 또한 천이구간이 다소 긴 문제점이 있다. 제안 회로는 사용소자의 수를 줄여 회로를 간단히 하였으며, 기생공진전류를 제거하여 회로 동작의 안정성을 높였다. 또한 CIM(Current Injection Method) 을 사용하여 하드스위칭 문제를 해결하였으며 Vs/2 유지구간을 제거하여 동작주파수를 증가시킬 수 있도록 하였다. 제안 회로의 유용성을 입증하기 위해 모드별로 동작을 해석하였으며, PSpice프로그램을 이용하여 시뮬레이션하고 그 결과를 확인하였다.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.27-43
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• 2020

Purpose : This integrative review aimed to synthesize studies on intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' attitude, perceptions, and experiences toward end-of-life care decision-making. Methods : Using Whittermore and Knafl (2005)'s methods, we identified and synthesized research articles published in domestic journals between the years 2003 and 2019 and evaluated the quality of selected articles using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results : In the 13 studies reviewed, 12 were published prior to enactment of the "The Act for Hospice and Palliative Care and Decision-Making about Life-Sustaining Treatment (2018)." All nine quantitative studies identified were based on cross-sectional descriptive survey. In four qualitative studies, content analysis (n=2) and phenomenology (n=2) were used. Overall, ICU nurses were well-aware of the necessity of communicating and limiting life-sustaining treatments. Many ICU nurses had positive attitude towards limiting life-sustaining treatments to promote patients' comfort and dignity. Although nurses were willing to take active roles, they also reported having experienced high stress in the process of decision-making and implementation. Conclusions : It is important to prepare ICU nurses with proper knowledge and attitude regarding the topic area. It is also equally important to develop systems to support nurses' emotional stress and moral distress during communication, decision-making, and implementation.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.45-65
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• 2017

This study which focused on factors and challenges affecting the decision-making of indigenous corn farmers ascertained the determinants that make farmers decide to engage in and continue corn farming activities in Paracelis, Mountain Province, in Northern Philippines. Determinants of decision and motivational factors of corn farmers were examined based on survey responses of 120 indigenous corn farmers by applying chi-square test analysis. Results showed that there were some decision and motivational factors that were significantly related to specific characteristics of corn farmers and there were also similarities of factors that affected the decision making of farmers in terms of engaging in and sustaining corn farming activities. Among the identified driving forces, financing capability and availability of land area were highly related with farm size and with a farmer's educational attainment. Knowledge or experience and interest in corn farming were also related with educational attainment. All the identified driving forces were found to be unrelated to farmers' age. The motivational factor identified as "personally satisfying" was found to be related with age, educational attainment and years in the farming business. Factors which affected a farmer's decision to sustain corn farming activities ("sustaining" factors) such as availability of different networks is highly related to educational attainment, years in the farming business and farm size while high market price of corn was the only "sustaining" factor linked to educational attainment. Based on these factors and cited problems in corn farming, recommendations were offered to address the issues raised by farmers.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

보라매 사건 이후 근 20년이 지나 국가위원회의 권고를 기반으로 연명의료결정법이 2018년 2월 4일 제정 시행되었다. 그러나 법률의 제정 과정에서 이해관계 당사자 및 관련자들의 의견 차이로 일부 내용은 수정 또는 삭제되었으며 제정 막바지에 호스피스 완화의료에 대한 내용이 덧붙여졌다. 이로 인해 국가위원회의 권고에 담긴 내용과는 일부 다르게 법률이 제정되어 여러 문제점들이 나타나고 있다. 그러므로 현행 법률 시행 초반 연명의료결정 수행 현장을 꼼꼼히 모니터링하고 다양한 관련자들의 의견을 잘 청취하여 문제점을 파악하고 해결 방안을 마련하여야 할 것이다. 이를 토대로 법률을 개정하여 입법 목적인 '환자의 최선의 이익을 보장하고 자기결정을 존중하여 인간으로서의 존엄과 가치를 보호'가 충실히 이루어질 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.244-256
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• 2018

Purpose: This study tried to understand discourses of life-sustaining treatments in general daily and healthcare newspapers. Methods: A text-network analysis was conducted using the NetMiner program. Firstly, 572 articles from 11 daily newspapers and 258 articles from 8 healthcare newspapers were collected, which were published from August 2013 to October 2016. Secondly, keywords (semantic morphemes) were extracted from the articles and rearranged by removing stop-words, refining similar words, excluding non-relevant words, and defining meaningful phrases. Finally, co-occurrence matrices of the keywords with a frequency of 30 times or higher were developed and statistical measures-indices of degree and betweenness centrality, ego-networks, and clustering-were obtained. Results: In the general daily and healthcare newspapers, the top eight core keywords were common: "patients," "death," "LST (life-sustaining treatments)," "hospice palliative care," "hospitals," "family," "opinion," and "withdrawal." There were also common subtopics shared by the general daily and healthcare newspapers: withdrawal of LST, hospice palliative care, National Bioethics Review Committee, and self-determination and proxy decision of patients and family. Additionally, the general daily newspapers included diverse social interest or events like well-dying, euthanasia, and the death of farmer Baek Nam-ki, whereas the healthcare newspapers discussed problems of the relevant laws, and insufficient infrastructure and low reimbursement for hospice-palliative care. Conclusion: The discourse that withdrawal of futile LST should be allowed according to the patient's will was consistent in the newspapers. Given that newspaper articles influence knowledge and attitudes of the public, RNs are recommended to participate actively in public communication on LST.