• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.53-62
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• 2023

This study compared the collection efficiency of a two-stage electrostatic precipitator (ESP) with a lightweight PET film-coated carbon electrode collector plate, depending on the relative humidity of the exhaust gas and the applied voltage to the pre-charger. It was confirmed that the onset voltage at which corona discharge occurs decreases and the discharge current decreases at the same voltage as the relative humidity increases. On the other hand, even though there was almost no change in the diameter of the particles generated depending on the relative humidity, the efficiency was higher at the same voltage as the relative humidity increased. In addition, by applying a two-stage ESP structure, the collection efficiency was higher than that of a single-stage electrostatic precipitator under the same conditions. The ESP using the carbon electrode coated with PET film used in this study is expected to be effective in various aspects such as weight and in the current situation where environmental regulations are rapidly tightening.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 2005

Mg and Mg-based alloys are most important hydrogen storage materials. It is a lightweight and low-cost materials with high hydrogen storage capacity. However, the formation of hydride at high temperature, the deterioration effect, the hydriding and dehydriding kinetics are bad factor for application. In this study, Mg and Ni have been produced by hydrogen induced mechanical alloying(HIMA) process. The raw materials, Mg(purity 99.9%) chip and Ni(purity 99.95%) chip was prepared by using a planetary ball mill apparatus(FRITSCH pulverisette 5). The balls to chips mass ratio(BCR) are 30:1. The hydrogen pressure induced 2.0MPa and milling times were 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours with a rotating speed of 200rpm. X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis was made to characterize the crystallite size and misfit strain. The crystallite size measured by laser particle size analysis(PSA). Microstructure changes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The hydrogen storage properties were evaluated by using an Sivert's type automatic pressure-composition-therm(PCT) apparatus.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.1202-1202
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• 2006

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.12 no.2 s.49
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• pp.136-145
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• 2005

Graphite-Ni composite powders were synthesized by mechanical alloying(MA) and spray drying(SD). Fabricated powders as well as commercial graphite-Ni powders were thermally sprayed on mild steel substrates using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process and flame thermal spray process. The effects of several process parameters on related properties in thermally sprayed coatings have been investigated and correlated with microstructures in this study. The results indicated that the desired properties can be obtained when commercial powders were applied using HVOF process, while coating properties in case of MA powder application were inferior to those in HVOF process in so far. However, it is suggested that property enhancement can be obtained if the fraction of hexagonal graphite phase can be increased in mechanically alloyed powders.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.2 s.55
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• pp.174-182
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• 2006

This study is focused on interior materials and wastes among other diverse environmental strategies for sustainable construction. The case study was carried out by using MSDG, mainly utilized in evaluating performance of sustainable constructions in Minnesota, the US, as an evaluation tool, in order to analyze American practices. In this study, a field inspection was conducted to 6 Minnesota cases, following a preliminary examination through literature study and portal site search, and then, constructive reports, interviews with people in charge, and empirical data including photos were added to the basic data provided by MSDG and MOEA As a result, it turned out *that sustainable materials were mainly used even in newly constructed buildings and wastes were properly managed in an environment-friendly, economical, and ethical manner, *that life cycle assessment showed reduction in some constructive costs even when the basic costs were high, *that some recycled finish materials were widely used in diverse areas, *that minimum consumption of raw materials, minimum environmental damage by materials, minimum effect of materials on IAQ were found in the examined cases, and *that many attempts were made to minimize resource consumption and constructive wastes from diverse perspectives.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.69-77
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• 2022

In order to understand the characteristics of fine particles emitted from coal-fired power plant stacks, it is important to analyze the size distribution and components of particles. In this study, particle size distributions were measured using the ejector-porous tube dilution device and an ELPI system at a stack in a coal-fired power plant. Main elemental components of particles in each size interval were also identified through TEM-EDS analysis for the particles collected in each ELPI stage. Particle size distributions based on number and mass were analyzed with component distributions from 0.006 to 10 ㎛. The highest number concentration was about 0.01 ㎛. The main component of the particles consisted of sulfur, which indicated that sulfate aerosols were generated by gas-to-particle conversion of SO2. In a mass size distribution, a mono-modal distribution with a mode diameter of about 2 ㎛ was shown. For the components of PM1.0 (particles less than 1 ㎛), the abundance order was F > Mg > S > Ca, and however, for the components of PM10 (particles less than 10 ㎛), it was in the order of Fe > S > Ca > Mg. The elemental components by particle size were confirmed.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.63-76
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• 2023

An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) has a low pressure drop and a high collection efficiency but its collection efficiency can be reduced due to dust accumulation on the collection plates during long-term operations. In order to maintain the initial dust collection efficiency, it is necessary to periodically clean the collection plates. The common cleaning methods are using physical impacts or water sprays. These cleaning methods can lead to damage to the collection plate or generate wastewater. Herein, we implemented an electrodynamic screen (EDS) for ESP cleaning and evaluated its surface cleaning performance of particles. The EDS is an electrostatic system that can electrostatically repel particles on surfaces, allowing it to clean the ESP without causing damage and wastewater generation. Our evaluation included the analysis of the effects of AC voltage characteristics, electrode configuration and environmental conditions on the cleaning performance of the EDS with the aim of achieving effective surface cleaning. It has been demonstrated that activating the EDS cleans up to 65% of the particles on the surface, which indicates about 94% of our target cleaning zone.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.101-110
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• 2023

In order to reduce particulate matters (PM) from marine diesel engines, we developed novel electrostatic diesel particulate matter filtration system. Electrostatic diesel particulate filtration (DPF) system consists of electrostatic charger and filtration part. The electrostatic charger and filtration part are composed of a metal discharge electrode and a metal fiber filter (porosity: 68.1-86.1%), respectively. In the electrostatic charger part, diesel soot particles are reduced by electrostatic force. The filtration part after electrostatic charger part reduces diesel soot particles through inertial and diffusion forces. The filtration efficiency of electrostatic DPF system was examined through the experiments using engine dynamometer system (300 kW) and ship (200 kW). The PM reduction efficiencies due to inertial and electrostatic forces showed about 70-75% and 80-90%, respectively, according to the RPM of the engine. The differential pressure of the electrostatic DPF system applied to the ship was about 1-9 mbar, which was less than the allowable differential pressure for ship engines in South Korea (100 mbar). The results show that the electrostatic DPF system is suitable for application to the PM reduction emitted from ships.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.413-418
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• 2005

Perovskite $Pb(Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3[PNN-PZT]$ ceramics were synthesized by conventional ceramic processing technique. In order to modify piezoelectric properties for sensor application in this system, NiO addition was considered to provide $Ni^{+2}$ as an acceptor, which was known to occupy with B site in the structure. The effect of NiO addition up to $8\;mol\%$ on the following piezoelectric properties as well as sintering properties was investigated. When NiO added more than $1\;mol\%$, average grain size was decreased and second phase was found to form. Moreover, the second phase caused decrease in relative dielectric constant $(\varepsilon_{33}T/\varepsilon0)$, electro-mechanical coupling factor $(k_p)$, and piezoelectric charge constant $(d_{33})$, while increasing mechanical quality factor $(Q_m)$. When $1\;mol\%$ NiO was added, density, dielectric properties and piezoelectric properties were abruptly increased.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Sustainable furniture designs are expressed through reutilization, reuse or redesign of the whole of part of natural materials and existing products. These designs contain natural emotions and show those propensities such as uncertainty, integrity, essentiality and experimental natures. Designs that use natural materials such as wood, bamboo, cork, plants, stones and water have sufficient beauty in themselves and thus these materials are not specially processed but their essence is pursued in those designs. Of those materials, the natural material water is used to pursue the essence of aqua while presenting a new furniture design through an experimental method. The circularity of aqua shares its meaning with the circularity of sustainable designs. In addition, the liquidity of aqua will be grafted onto IT technology to express variable shapes in order to present a new direction of furniture designs.