• Title/Summary/Keyword: Sustainable Diet

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Advanced estimation and mitigation strategies: a cumulative approach to enteric methane abatement from ruminants

  • Islam, Mahfuzul;Lee, Sang-Suk
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제61권3호
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    • pp.122-137
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    • 2019
  • Methane, one of the important greenhouse gas, has a higher global warming potential than that of carbon dioxide. Agriculture, especially livestock, is considered as the biggest sector in producing anthropogenic methane. Among livestock, ruminants are the highest emitters of enteric methane. Methanogenesis, a continuous process in the rumen, carried out by archaea either with a hydrogenotrophic pathway that converts hydrogen and carbon dioxide to methane or with methylotrophic pathway, which the substrate for methanogenesis is methyl groups. For accurate estimation of methane from ruminants, three methods have been successfully used in various experiments under different environmental conditions such as respiration chamber, sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique, and the automated head-chamber or GreenFeed system. Methane production and emission from ruminants are increasing day by day with an increase of ruminants which help to meet up the nutrient demands of the increasing human population throughout the world. Several mitigation strategies have been taken separately for methane abatement from ruminant productions such as animal intervention, diet selection, dietary feed additives, probiotics, defaunation, supplementation of fats, oils, organic acids, plant secondary metabolites, etc. However, sustainable mitigation strategies are not established yet. A cumulative approach of accurate enteric methane measurement and existing mitigation strategies with more focusing on the biological reduction of methane emission by direct-fed microbials could be the sustainable methane mitigation approaches.

청소년의 임파워먼트 향상을 위한 가정교과 지속가능한 식생활 자유학년제 프로그램 개발 및 효과분석 (Development and Effectiveness Analysis of Sustainable Dietary Free-year Program for the Improvement of Youth Empowerment in Middle School Home Economics)

  • 최성연;한주
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.129-152
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구의 목적은 청소년의 임파워먼트 향상을 위한 수업 전략을 활용하여 중학교 가정교과의 자유학년제 지속가능한 식생활교육 프로그램을 개발하고 프로그램의 효과를 검증하고 평가하는 것이다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 ADDIE 교수설계 모형에 따라 프로그램을 개발하고 평가하였다. 2015 개정 중학교 기술·가정과교육과정과 SDGs에서 식생활 영역과 관련된 내용을 추출하여 이들의 관련성을 분석하여 식생활교육의 내용을 도출하였다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 하여 개발된 프로그램은 '더불어 함께하는 식생활'이며, 5가지 학습주제 '지구촌에서 함께 살기', '건강한 식생활 유지하기', '함께하는 식생활 문화 창조하기', '자연, 사람과 더불어 살기', '안전한 식생활 유지하기'로 구성되었다. 임파워먼트 향상을 위한 전략으로 가치 판단, 결과에 대한 예측, 책임있는 행동 선택, 의사결정의 4가지 상황을 제시하였다. 개발된 프로그램을 전문가의 검토를 받아 경기도 소재 중학교 3학년 학생을 대상으로 주당 1시간씩 17주에 걸쳐 17차시의 수업에 적용하였다. 수업 후 개인 내적 임파워먼트와 정치·사회 임파워먼트는 사전과 사후에 유의한 차이를 보여 본 프로그램이 임파워먼트 향상에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 대인 관계 임파워먼트는 사전과 사후에 유의한 차이가 없었으므로 프로그램을 실행할 때 토의·토론과 협동학습을 원활하게 진행하기 위한 전략을 활용할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 수업에 참여한 학생들은 프로그램에 대해 전체적으로 긍정적으로 평가하였으며, 식생활문제 해결을 통해 사회를 변화시킬 수 있다는 생각을 갖게 하는데 도움이 된 것으로 평가하였다.

Dietary intake and nutritional status of Korean children and adolescents: a review of national survey data

  • Kang, Minji;Choi, So Yoon;Jung, Minyoung
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제64권9호
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    • pp.443-458
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    • 2021
  • In Korea, several national cross-sectional surveys monitor the diet, nutritional status, and health status of children. This continual dedicated national surveillance system contributes to the identification of nutritional and health issues, establishment of public health policies, and development of nutrition recommendations. This paper provides recent information about the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey and describes key nationwide survey findings published in the last 5 years on infant feeding practices and the dietary intake and nutritional status of Korean infants, children, and adolescents. There have been increasing trends in children, and teenagers who skip breakfast, eat fast food, consume sugary drinks, have vitamin D deficiency, and are obese. This review will inform pediatricians, nutritionists, and other health care practitioners who track children's growth and development. It may also help researchers and policymakers identify diet-related policies and strategies for chronic disease prevention in Korean infants, children, and adolescents.

Towards water-efficient food systems: assessing the impact of dietary change and food waste reduction on water footprint in Korea

  • Qudus Adeyi;Bashir Adelodun;Golden Odey;Kyung Sook Choi
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.184-184
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    • 2023
  • Globally, agriculture is one of the largest consumers and polluters of water resources, contributing to the unsustainable use of limited water resources. To reduce the resource use and environmental footprints associated with current and future food systems, researchers and policy makers have recommended the transition to sustainable and healthier diets and the reduction of food loss and waste along the food supply chain. However, there is limited information on the synergistic effects and trade-offs of adopting the two measures. In this study, we assessed the water-saving potential of the two measures in South Korea using environmentally extended input-output relying on the EXIOBASE database for the reference year 2020, along with scenario analysis to model the potential outcomes. Specifically, we analyzed scenarios where meat consumption was reduced by 30% and 50% and in combination with a 50% reduction in food waste at the consumption stage for each scenario. According to our findings, by considering individual measures of dietary change and food waste reduction, shifting to a diet with 30% and 50% less meat consumption could lead to reduction in water footprint by 6.9% and 7.5%, respectively, while 50% reduction in food waste at the consumption stage could save about 14% of water footprint. However, the synergistic effects of the two measures such as 30% less meat consumption and 50% food waste reduction, and 50% less meat consumption and 50% food waste reduction result to 20% and 24% reductions in water footprint, respectively. Moreover, our findings also showed that increasing food consumption with high environmental impacts could promote resources use inefficiency when waste occurs. Thus, policy strategies that address synergistic effects of both dietary change and food waste reduction should be strengthened to achieve sustainable food system. International and national policies can increase resource efficiency by utilizing all available reduction potentials while considering strategies interactions.

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중학생 대상 지구환경을 위한 지속가능한 식생활교육 프로그램 (Sustainable Education Program for Middle School Students for the Global Environment)

  • 이영은;유세종;이정우;고지원;김유경
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.59-75
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구에서는 중 2015 개정 교육과정에 따라 집필된 10권의 교과서를 대상으로 지속가능한 식생활교육과 관련된 내용의 교과서 분석을 실시하였으며, 교과서 분석 결과와 학생들의 요구도 조사를 바탕으로 6차시의 지속가능한 식생활교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발된 프로그램은 영양교육 DESIGN 6단계의 절차를 이용했으며 ADDIE 모형 중 실행단계를 제외한 분석-설계-개발-평가 및 수정 단계를 거쳤다. 교과서 분석은 중학교「기술·가정1」3권, 중학교「기술·가정2」3권, 고등학교 「기술·가정」3권, 고등학교 「가정과학」교과서1권 총 10권을 이용하였으며 2015 개정 기술·가정 교육과정의 각론을 참고해 내용요소 중 지속가능한 식생활에 해당하는 범위로 한정하였다. 지속가능한 식생활 6차시 프로그램은 DESIGN 6단계 절차에 따라 지속가능한 식생활교육 프로그램과 교수전략, 매체 및 평가도구를 개발하였다. 1차시는 학생들이 자신의 현재 식습관 문제를 탐색하고 건강한 식습관으로 개선하기 위한 내용을 구성하였으며, 2차시는 영양성분표시에 대해 학습하고 3차시는 식품교환표를 활용해 자신의 1일 식단 구성하기, 4차시는 계절별 대표 작물의 이해와 푸드마일리지, 텃밭 체험, 5차시는 조리 시 지켜야 하는 안전수칙과 레시피 작성, 6차시는 조리 시 지켜야하는 안전수칙과 조리 실습으로 구성하였다. 개발된 프로그램은 전문가 검증을 받아 지속가능한 식생활을 통한 개인의 건강, 지역사회 및 지구환경의 부합성을 갖추도록 수정 및 보완되었다. 본 연구인 지속가능한 식생활교육 프로그램이 학생들의 생활 속에서 지속가능한 식생활을 실천하며 개인 건강과 지역사회, 지구환경에 도움이 되도록 활용되기를 기대한다.

The produced mealworm meal through organic wastes as a sustainable protein source for weanling pigs

  • Ko, HanSeo;Kim, YoungHwa;Kim, JinSoo
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제62권3호
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    • pp.365-373
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    • 2020
  • This study was designed to evaluate the influence of dietary supplementation of Tenebrio molitor larvae (TM) as an alternative source of protein to fish meal on growth response, retention of nutrient, hematological factors, immune system, and intestinal integrity in weaned pigs. A total of 180 weanling pigs (initial bodyweight of 6.27 ± 0.15 kg; 21 d) were distributed based on the bodyweight between 3 treatments with 6 replicates in each treatment including 10 piglets per replicate. The diets corresponding to treatments consisted of a fish meal diet (CON), a fish meal-dried mealworm diet (TM1, 50% replacement of fish meal with TM meal), and a dried mealworm diet (TM2, 100% replacement of fish meal with TM meal). This study was performed in two phases as phase 1 (d 0 to 14) and phase 2 (d 15 to 28). The pigs in the TM2 treatment showed a greater gain to feed ratio compared with the TM1 pigs in phase 1. Throughout the experimental period, the average daily gain (ADG) of the TM1 pigs was significantly greater than that of the TM2 treatment. The IgG concentration was increased in the TM1 and TM2 treatments compared with the CON pigs in phase 1. In conclusion, the supplementation of TM meal (50% replacement of fish meal) did not show any adverse effects in the performance of weanling pigs, however, 100% replacement of fish meal with TM meal is not recommended.

Dietary inclusion effect of yacon, ginger, and blueberry on growth, body composition, and disease resistance of juvenile black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) against Vibrio anguillarum

  • Lee, Ki Wook;Jeong, Hae Seung;Cho, Sung Hwoan
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.7.1-7.8
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    • 2020
  • Background: To minimize the use of antibiotics and to obtain a more sustainable fish culture and aquaculture industry, development of alternative natural source of immunostimulant to replace antibiotic in aquafeed is highly needed. Objective: Dietary inclusion effect of yacon (YC), ginger (GG), and blueberry (BB) on growth, body composition, and disease resistance of black rockfish against Vibrio anguillarum was compared to ethoxyquin (EQ). Methods: Four hundred eighty juvenile (an initial weight of 4.2 g) fish were randomly distributed into 12 of 50 L flowthrough tanks (forty fish per tank). Four experimental diets were prepared; the control (Con) diet with 0.01% EQ inclusion, and YC, GG, and BB diets at 1% each additive inclusion. Each additive was included into the experimental diets at the expense of wheat flour. Each diet was assigned to triplicate tanks of fish and hand-fed to satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. At the end of 8-week feeding trial, 20 fish from each tank fish were artificially infected by intraperitoneal injection with 0.1 mL of culture suspension of pathogenic V. anguillarum containing 3.3 × 106 cfu/mL respectively. Fish were monitored for the following 8 days after V. anguillarum infection and dead fish were removed every 6 h for the first 4 days and 12 h for the rest of the study. Results: Weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency ratio (FER) of fish fed the YC diet was higher than those of fish fed all other diets. However, feed consumption, protein efficiency ratio, and protein retention was not affected by dietary additive. Moisture, crude protein, and crude lipid content of the whole body of fish were affected by dietary additive. Analysis of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that survival of fish fed the YC, BB, and GG diets was higher than the Con diet. Conclusion: Oral administration of YC can improve not only weight gain, SGR, and FER of black rockfish, but lower mortality of rockfish at occurrence of V. anguillarum.

Effect of dietary protein levels and age on growth performance, total excreta and nitrogen balance of laying hens during the growing phase

  • Jeseok Lee;Myunghwan Yu;Elijah Ogola Oketch;Shan Randima Nawarathne;Yu Bin Kim;Nuwan Chamara Chathuranga;Venuste Maniraguha;Bernadette Gerpacio Sta. Cruz;Eunsoo Seo;Haeeun Park;Hyunji Choi;Dong Jo Yu;Jung-Kon Kim;Jung Min Heo
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.193-203
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    • 2024
  • This study examined the effect of a dietary protein level and age on growth performance, total excreta, and nitrogen balance in laying hen during the growing period for 18 weeks. A total of 96 Hy-Line Brown laying hens were divided into two treatments according to the experimental diets, with each group consisting of six replicates. The experimental diets included: 1) an adequate metabolizable energy and crude protein diet formulated to meet the age and breed specification for Hy-Line Brown containing 21, 18, 16, and 14% dietary CP during 0 to 6, 6 to 12, 12 to 15, 15 to 18 weeks, respectively (CON); 2) 2% CP deficiency from CON diet containing 19, 16, 14, 12% dietary CP during 0 to 6, 6 to 12, 12 to 15, 15 to 18 weeks, respectively (LP). Growth performance, total excreta, and nitrogen balance were investigated for 18 weeks every 3 weeks, and two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of data. The LP group had lower total excreta and N intake than CON group in the whole period of the experiment (p < 0.001). Moreover, birds in the LP group showed lower N excretion than the CON group (p < 0.05). However, the CON group exhibited higher BW, ADG than the LP group (p < 0.001). Application of low-protein diet to laying hens during the growing period reduced N excretion, which contribute to the sustainable development of the laying hen industry by minimizing environmental pollution.

Current situation and future prospects for beef production in South Korea - A review

  • Chung, Ki Yong;Lee, Seung Hwan;Cho, Soo Hyun;Kwon, Eung Gi;Lee, Jun Heon
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제31권7호
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    • pp.951-960
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    • 2018
  • Hanwoo cattle are an important food source in Korea and their supply can have a major impact on meat availability for Korean consumers. The Hanwoo population was 1.8 million head in 2005 and gradually increased to 2.6 million in 2015. Per capita beef consumption has also increased, to 11.6 kg per year in 2015, and is expected to continue to increase. Because intramuscular fat percentage is a critical contributor to meat quality, Hanwoo cattle are fed a high-energy corn-based diet for long fattening periods. Long fed diet causes significant alterations in fat percentage in the loin muscle and other areas of the carcass. However, these long feeding periods increase feeding costs and beef prices. Recently, there has been increased Korean consumer demand for lean beef which has less fat, but is tender and priced more reasonably. These consumer demands on the Korean beef industry are driving differing beef production systems and also changes to the beef grading methodology. Korean government has made a significant investment to select bulls with favorable production traits using progeny testing. Progeny tested bull semen has been disseminated to all Hanwoo farmers. A beef traceability system has been employed for all cattle breeds in Korea since 2009. Hanwoo cattle are ear-marked with a 12-digit identification number from birth to slaughter. This number allows traceability of the management history of individual cattle, and also provides information to consumers. Traceability including management information such as herd, farm, year of birth, and carcass data can determine estimated breeding values of Hanwoo. For a sustainable Hanwoo industry, research scientists in Korea have attempted to develop feeds for efficient fattening periods and precision feeding systems based on genetic information for Hanwoo cattle. These initiatives aim to Korean consumer demands for beef and provide more precision management in beef production in Korea.

On-farm evaluation of dietary animal and plant proteins to replace fishmeal in sub-adult olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

  • Choi, Wonsuk;Hamidoghli, Ali;Bae, Jinho;Won, Seonghun;Choi, Youn Hee;Kim, Kang-Woong;Lee, Bong-Joo;Hur, Sang-Woo;Han, Hyonsob;Bai, Sungchul C.
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제23권8호
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    • pp.22.1-22.8
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    • 2020
  • Background: High demand and low supply of fishmeal due to overexploitation of fisheries resources have resulted in a dramatic increase in the price of this ingredient. Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) commercial feed contains approximately 60% fishmeal and limited success has been achieved in identifying sustainable alternative protein sources for this species. Methods: An on-farm feeding trial was conducted to compare a basal diet containing 65% as the control (CONT) with two experimental diets replacing 10% of fishmeal by animal protein (AP10) or 20% of fishmeal by animal and plant protein (APP20). Sub-adult olive flounder averaging 327 ± 9.3 g (mean±SD) were fed one of the three diets in triplicate groups for 16 weeks. Results: Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and survival were not significantly different among fish fed all the experimental diets (P > 0.05). Also, non-specific immune responses (superoxide dismutase and lysozyme activity), serum biochemical parameters, and intestinal villi length were not significantly different among fish fed all the experimental diets (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, based on growth performance, non-specific immune responses, serum biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology, dietary animal and plant protein mixtures could replace up to 20% of fishmeal in the diet of sub-adult olive flounder.