• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.198-203
• /
• 2003

Due to the low production cost and space availability which are originated from the structural simplicity of the torsion beam axle suspension, the suspension has been frequently used for sedan and SUV style vehicles. The design procedure of the suspension, however, requires significant amount of time which prohibits more efficient design of the suspension. In this study, an integrated procedure and constituting modules are explained and the performance of the corresponding program is exhibited. The integrated procedure enables one to save the design time and cost significantly.

• Advances in Automotive Engineering
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2018

The aim of this study is the optimization of the parameters of interconnected Hydro-Pneumatic (HP) suspension system of a three-axle vehicle for ride comfort and handling. For HP suspension systems of equivalent vertical stiffness and damping characteristics, interconnected HP suspension systems increase roll and pitch stiffness and damping characteristics of the vehicle as compared to unconnected HP suspension systems. Thus, they result in improved handling and braking/acceleration performances of the vehicle. However, increased roll and pitch stiffness and damping characteristics also increase roll and pitch accelerations, which in turn result in degraded ride comfort performance. Therefore, in order to improve both ride comfort and vehicle handling performances simultaneously, an optimum parameter set of an interconnected HP suspension system is obtained through an optimization procedure. The objective function is formed as the sum of the weighted vertical accelerations according to ISO 2631. The roll angle, one of the important measures of vehicle handling and driving safety, is imposed as a constraint in the optimization study. Upper and lower parameter bounds are used in the optimization in order to get a physically realizable parameter set. Optimization procedure is implemented for a three-axle vehicle with unconnected and interconnected suspension systems separately. Optimization results show that interconnected HP suspension system results in improvements in both ride comfort and vehicle handling performance, as compared to the unconnected suspension system. As a result, interconnected HP suspension systems present a solution to the conflict between ride comfort and vehicle handling which is present in unconnected suspension systems.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.178-183
• /
• 2014

Lip canting is associated with facial asymmetry, and is one of the most challenging problems in surgical correction of facial deformities. The author corrected lip canting using bioabsorbable devices during orthognathic surgery. Soft tissue suspension procedures were performed on four patients with facial asymmetry. Lip lines improved for all patients. Over an observation period of five years, no complications were noted, nor did any late relapse develop. Furthermore, as time past, the effect of the Endotine suspension procedure increased probably due to induction of fibrosis on surrounding soft tissues.

• Medical Lasers
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.242-245
• /
• 2021

Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disease of the pilose-baceous unit. It appears as lesions consisting of comedones, papules, pustules, and nodules of varying shapes and severity. In general, the first-line treatment for acne vulgaris includes topical and oral medication. Recently, various physical modalities have also been investigated. The use of laser therapy is steadily increasing because of its fewer side effects, short procedure time, and rapid results. In particular, laser therapy assisted with carbon suspension application is effective for acne vulgaris but may sometimes result in discomfort due to odor and dust formation during the procedure. Herein, we report that acne vulgaris and enlarged facial pores can be safely and effectively treated with laser therapy assisted with diamond particle suspension and gold microparticle application, which can address the discomfort caused by the carbon suspension application.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.4 s.97
• /
• pp.26-36
• /
• 1999

A general procedure for determining the optimum location of suspension hard points with respect to kinematic design parametes is presented. Suspensions are modeled as connection of rigid bodies by ideal kinematic joints. Constraint equations of the kinematic joints are expressed in terms of the generalized coordinates and hard points. By directly differentiating the constraint equations with respect to the hard points, kinematic sencitivity equations are obtained. In order to cope with algebraic complexity associated with the differentiation process, a symbolic computation technique is used. A performance index is defined in terms of static design parameters such as camber, caster, toe, ect.. Gradient of the performance index can be analytically computed from the kinematic sensitivity equations. Optimization results show the effectiveness and validity of the procedure, which is applicable to any type of suspension if its kinematic configurations are given.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2015

In this study, a transient structural load analysis system was constructed to calculate the applied load on the suspension equipment corresponding to the aircraft flight conditions based on military specifications. Aircraft flight data (altitude, velocity, acceleration, angle of attack and etc. at aircraft center of gravity) were used as input parameters and the calculated load of the suspension equipment at wings on the left and right side was printed out for the structural load analysis. As a calculation procedure, first of all, load analysis was carried out at the center of gravity of the external store, Secondly, a trial reaction force analysis was conducted on hook and swaybrace of suspension equipment. All procedure of calculations was programed to analyze the structural load automatically. To verify the numerical results, structural load analysis using the experimental flight data was performed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1996.10b
• /
• pp.1459-1464
• /
• 1996

The most important parameter for hydraulic active suspension system is to sustain desirable vehicle maneuvering stability and ride comfort without increasing consumption power. The performance of hydraulic active suspension system depends on damping force of body damping valve and piston damping valve. Hydraulic actuator design and damping valve parameter selection are essential and basic procedure to design hydraulic active suspension system. This paper is on computer simulation with use of mathematical model that was delivered from dynamic characteristic of hydraulic actuator, as know basic damping characteristics of hydraulic active suspension system. The aim of this paper is to select the system parameter that affect mainly hydraulic active suspension, and identify the validity on the system parameter selection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2011

Laryngomicrosurgery is common procedure applying to benign laryngeal lesion. Suspension of the laryngoscope is a vital component of Laryngomicrosurgery. Suspension laryngoscopy allows for bimanual surgery and a stable operating platform. Little information is known about oropharyngeal & vocal fold complications of suspension laryngoscopy. Because laryngomicrosurgery is dependent upon suspension laryngoscopy, surgeons should fully understand the risks of suspension laryngoscopy to properly educate and care for patients undergoing suspension laryngoscopy. That is problem to allow otolaryngologist is embarrassing, for voice restoration surgery are not satisfied with the results. The authors reviewed mechanical and phonological complications after laryngomicrosurgery.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 1999.10a
• /
• pp.233-240
• /
• 1999

A general procedure is presented here to develope seismic design and analysis method for cable-supported bridges like suspension bridges subjected to ground motion. For representing a numerical model of suspension bridges. a new approach which satisfy design conditions for the initial equilibrium state of suspension bridges. without any nonlinear iterations. is proposed. The dynamic behavior of that model is verified by free vibration analysis. This study uses the response spectrum analysis to determine the Peak response of a suspension bridge to earthquake-induced ground motion. The SRSS(Square Root of Sum of Square). modal combination rule, is adopted for each direction, longitudinal and transverse. To illustrate the potential applicability for the seismic design of suspension bridges, a numerical example is presented in which the dynamic response of the Nam-hae suspension bridge subjected to earthquake

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.683-692
• /
• 2002

The most important parameter for hydraulic active suspension system is to sustain desirable vehicle maneuvering stability and ride comfort without increasing power consumption. The performance of hydraulic active suspension system depends on damping force of body damping valve and piston damping valve. Hydraulic actuator design and damping valve parameter selection are essential and basic procedure to design hydraulic system. This paper is on computer simulation with use of mathematical model that was delivered from dynamic characteristic of hydraulic actuator, as know basic damping characteristics of hydraulic active suspension system. The aim of this paper is to select the system parameter that affect mainly hydraulic active suspension, and identify the validity on the system parameter selection.