• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.605-611
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 임의의 두께의 기판을 갖는 suspended stripline의 효율적인 계산을 위해 Yee cell의 내부에 두개의 유전체(공기와 기판)가 있을 때 사용할 수 있는 FDTD 수식을 유도하였으며 이를 이용하여 suspended stripline의 특성 임피던스와 유효유전율을 계산하였다. 이러한 계산결과를 이용해서 suspended stripline 5단 저역통과 필터를 설계하였고 이를 제작 측정하여 된 논문에서 제안된 FDTD법을 이용한 suspended stripline해석의 유용성을 입증하였다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2000

Relationship between monoclonal antibody (MAb) productivity and growth rate, and effects of high cell density on MAb production rate increased with increasing specifis growth rate in both suspended and immobilized continuous cultures indicate a positively growth-associated relationship between MAb productivity and growth rate. moreover, the specific production rate was higher in the immobilized cell culture than that in suspended one at all dilution rates. In order to clarify these phenomana, MAb mPNA experession and cell cycle distribution were investigated in bacth cultures with immobilized cells and suspended cells. RT-PCR was used for observation of MAb mRNA expression and a two-color bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)/propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry method for determination of cell cycle distribution. The results revealed that MAb nRNA expression until dead phase, which was longer than in suspended cell. The cell cycle distribution patterns were observed almost the same for both immobilized and suspended cells. Such results may imply that a high cell density state has positive influence on the mRNA expression and on growth-associated Mab productivity of T0405 cells.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XII)
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• pp.223-227
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• 2003

Mevinolic acid (MA), a secondary metabolite produced by a filamentous fungus Aspergillus terreus, is acidic form of lovastatin which has been identified as a powerful cholesterol-lowering agent in humans. When immobilized cell culture was performed, MA production was about 5.3-fold higher than the parallel suspended cell culture. Although the immobilized cells proliferated slowly during exponential in comparison with the suspended cells, oxygen uptake rate and oxygen mass transfer coefficient of the immobilized cell culture were about 1.3- and 2.5- fold higher respectively than those of the parallel suspended cell culture. From these results, it was concluded that MA biosynthesis was closely dependent on the cell growth rate, morphology and oxygen availability.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.4891-4896
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• 2013

Objective: To separate/enrich tumor stem-like cells from the human esophageal carcinoma cell line OE-19 by using serum-free suspension culture and to identify their biological characteristics and radiation resistance. Methods: OE-19 cells were cultivated using adherent and suspension culture methods. The tumor stem-like phenotype of CD44 expression was detected using flow cytometry. We examined growth characteristics, cloning capacity in soft agar, and radiation resistance of 2 groups of cells. Results: Suspended cells in serum-free medium formed spheres that were enriched for CD44 expression. CD44 was expressed in 62.5% of suspended cells, but only in 11.7% of adherent cells. The suspended cells had greater capacity for proliferation and colony formation in soft agar than the adherent cells. When the suspended and adherent cells were irradiated at 5 Gy, 10 Gy, or 15 Gy, the proportion of CD44+ suspended cells strongly and weakly positive for CD44 was 77.8%, 66.5%, 57.5%; and 21.7%, 31.6%, 41.4%, respectively. In contrast, the proportion of CD44+ adherent cells strongly positive for CD44 was 18.9%, 14.%, and 9.95%, respectively. When the irradiation dose was increased to 30 Gy, the survival of the suspended and adherent cells was significantly reduced, and viable CD44+ cells were not detected. Conclusion: Suspended cell spheres generated from OE-19 esophageal carcinoma cells in serum-free stem medium are enriched in tumor stem-like cells. CD44 may be a marker for these cells.

• 센서학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2014

Microbes have been used extensively in various fields of researches and industries but has not been used widely for microfluidic biosensor applications because it is difficult to immobilize properly to a small space. Therefore, we developed a microbial immobilization method for microfluidic devices using single-walled nanotubes and dielectrophoretic force. Single-walled nanotubes and Escherichia coli were aligned between two cantilever electrodes by a positive dielectrophoretic force resulting in a film of single-walled nanotubes with attached Escherichia coli. The optimal condition of film formation without a cell lysis was investigated. Diameter of single-walled nanotubes and electric field (intensity and duration of application) had an effect on the cell viability. On the other hand, the cell concentration of the suspension did not affect the cell viability. Paraoxon was detected using single-walled nanotubes film with attached Escherichia coli that expressed organophosphorus hydrolase. This film which is suspended from the substrate showed faster response time than sensors that are not suspended from the substrate.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.200-210
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• 1994

Cyclosporin A(Cy A) 생산을 위한 회분식 생물 반응기 실험에서, 고정상세포를 이용함으로써 액상 배양과 비교할 때 생물공정 개선의 가능성이 있음을 제시하였다. 고농도 배지를 생산균주가 지수기 생장단계인 발효개시 후 139시간에 첨가하였을 때, 고정상배양과 액상배양 모두에서, 균주의 재활성 및 재생장으로 인해 CyA의 생산기간이 연장되어, 발효개시 후 250시간까지 최대 CyA 농도를 유지하였다. 반면에 배지의 첨가가 없는 단순 회분식 배양의 경우, 두 경우 모두 정체생장 단계에서 CyA의 생산성이 빠른 속도로 감소하였다. 주목할 점은 고정상 세포의 경우 CyA수율($Y_{p/x}$)이 고농도 배지를 첨가한 후에도 지수기때의 수율의 80%에 이르는 높은 값을 계속 유지할 수 있었으나, 이와는 대조적으로 액상 세포는 단지 58%만을 유지할 수 있었다. 그 결과 고정상배양의 최대 CyA생산성 이 액상배양과 비교하여 약 2배 정도 증가하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.733-737
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• 1996

The formation of microbial films(biofilm) by a non-sulfur phototrophic bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, on inorganic media was studied. Porous ceramic beads(PCB) were superior to other immobilizing media for the biofilm formation in a packed-bed reactor. It was found that the formation of microbial films favored a lower hydraulic retention time, showing a higher ratio of cells attatched to the media to those suspended in the solution. The cell concentration in the biofilm reactor was as high as 11,400mg/l, which is 8-folds of the cell concentration in an ordinary suspended treatment. It was observed that the formation of micribial film by R. capsulata followed a general serial process of cell attachment, microcolony formation, and biofilm formation. The microbial films thus formed was very stable even for an extremely high volumetric BOD loading rate of 15gBOD/l day. The scanning electron micrographs of the microbial films showed that the cells were attached to both the surface and pores of the media.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.1055-1060
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• 2001

Experimental data for the on-line estimation of cell concentration and growth rate are presented. For this purpose, we utilized the on-line calculation of the oxygen uptake rate (OUR), which was derived from a liquid phase dynamic mass balance for the oxygen during the active growth phase in cyclosporin A (CyA) fermentation. The cell yield coefficient, based on the oxygen $(Y_{x/o})$for both suspended and immobilized cells of Tolypocladium inflatum, was estimated as $1.9 gDCW/gO_2$ from a very good linear correlation between the cell mass produced and the total oxygen consumed. The calculated yield showed a good agreement with the value of $(Y_{x/o})$ generated from the correlation between the cell growth rate and the oxygen uptake rate. In addition, further experimental data are given, which were also applied to determine the specific oxygen uptake rate of T. inflatum cells during the exponential phase of CyA fermentation. A theoretical basis for the analysis of these fermentation parameters is also provided.

• 생약학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 1997

300 extracts derived from 100 plants were tested for their potential to induce HL-60 cell differentiation using NBT assay and NSE/SE staining methods. Morphological changes from suspended to adherent state of the cells were also observed by microscopic examination. In result, 55 extracts induced cell differentiation into monocyte/macrophage lineage in the NBT and the NSE assay.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1996

Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 고정화 및 현탁 세포로 구성된 연속식 생물반응기에서 에탄올 생성시 지질 첨가 영향을 연구하였다. 여러가지 배양조건하에서 에탄을 생산량 및 현탁 세포의 알코올 탈수소효소(alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH)의 비활성도를 측정하였다. 무통기 조건하에서 ergosterol과 oleic acid를 세포 배양액에 첨가하였을때, 에탄을 생산량과 균체 생육이 현저히 증가하였으나, 알코올 탈수소효소의 비활성도는 영향을 받지 않았다. 특히 무통기 조건 및 통기 조건하에서 얻어진 현탁 세포간의 알코올 탈수소효소의 비활성도는 차이가 없었다. 계면활성제 첨가시에도 에탄올 생성, 균체 생육, 알코올 탈수소효소의 비활성도가 크게 증가하였다. 고농도($40\;g/{\ell}$ 이상) 에탄올에 노출된 세포배양액에 ergosterol과 oletic acid 첨가시에도 에탄올 생성량, 균체 생육, 알코올 탈수소효소의 비활성도가 증가하였으나, 계면활성제 첨가시에는 효과가 없었다. 따라서, 지질 첨가효과는 저농도 에탄을 조건에 비해 고농도 에탄을 존재시 크게 작용하였다. 여러가지 매양조건에서 얻어진 현탁 세포의 알코올 탈수소효소의 isozyme patteren을 전기영동법에 의해 조사한 결과 ADH I으로 추정되는 한개의 isozyme만이 확인되었으며, isozyme의 이동거리는 세포의 배양조건에 따라 약간의 차이가 있었다. 에탄올 생성량과 알코올 탈수소효소의 비활성도사이의 상관관계는 성립되지 않았으며, 알코올 탈수소효소의 비활성도보다는 균체량이 에탄올 생성에 더 중요한 인자로 작용하였다.