• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 1999

Twelve pure silkworm lines identified based in higher G.C.A values from a line${\times}$Tecter crossing programme, were crossed with twelve breeds showing cocoon shell ratio>22% and hybrids prepared, evaluated in a Multiple index method. Seven hydrids showing average index value>50 in all the 10 economic characters were seclcted and evaluated in the laboratory. However, two hybrids viz., A3${\times}$935E and A3${\times}$916B were finally selected based on the superiority of the breeds in one day shorter larval duration and with and with higher reeling characters compared to control KA${\times}$NB4D2. The breeding procedure involed in evolution hybrids are discussed.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.254-259
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• 2016

Purpose: Owing to increased life expectancy, the number of elderly patients with gastric cancer has increased. This study aimed to identify the outcomes of gastric cancer patients aged 80 years or older through comparison of their clinicopathological characteristics, surgical outcomes, and oncologic outcomes. Materials and Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2013, the records of 478 patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: patients <80 years old (n=446) and patients ${\geq}80$ years old (n=32). Results: There were no significant differences in sex, body mass index, length of hospital stay, duration of surgery, depth of invasion, nodal metastasis, histologic type, or tumor size between the two groups. However, significant differences were found for the American Society of Anesthesiologist score and the serum albumin level between the two groups. Postoperative morbidity, mortality, disease-free survival, and recurrence rate did not differ between curatively resected patients in the two groups. Conclusions: In elderly patients with gastric cancer, active treatment including radical gastrectomy is necessary.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2006

In the past decade, the median duration of survival among patients with advanced colorectal cancer has increased from 12 months to about 18 months, primarily as a results of the introduction of irinotecan and oxaliplatin. Advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of cancer have resulted in the discovery of new therapeutic interventions that target specific molecular abnormalities. Their specificity, and therefore their potential to bind preferentially and modify tumor-specific targets, sparing normal tissues and causing fewer side-effects compared to conventional cytotoxic agents, makes them an attractive therapeutic option. The future of this approach for the treatment of solid tumors is promising.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2871-2877
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• 2013

Objectives: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and invasiveness of lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the treatment of stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A total of 148 patients presenting with Stage I or II NSCLC were enrolled into our study, comprising 71 who underwent VATS and 77 patients undergoing conventional thoracotomic lobectomy, in combination with systematic lymph node resection. Results: It was found that VATS was superior to conventional thoracotomy in terms of the duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, frequency of the need to administer postoperative analgesia, thoracic intubation indwelling time, post-operative hospital stay, and survival rate (P<0.05). We saw no obvious difference in the number of resected lymph nodes with either approach. Conclusions: VATS lobectomy is a safe and reliable surgical approach for the treatment of Stage I/II NSCLC, characterized by significantly minimal invasiveness, rapid post-operative recovery, and markedly lower loss of blood.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 1971

Seven organic arsine compounds are synthesized as potential anti-tumor agents are subjected to the screening test of activity against SN-36 Leukemia, Sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Three compounds, namely N-(5-Nitrofroyl)-p-arsanilic acid, N-(2, 4-Dihydroxybenzoethyl)-p-arsanilic acid and N-$\alpha$(p-arsanilido) acetyl thiourea of the all synthesized compounds showed comparatively potential activities against experimental ascitic tumors both through cytological findings and survival duration.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.203-208
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• 2003

Rearing temperature influences food consumption, conversion and cocoon production in silkworm Bombyx mori L. Young age $({1^st}to{3^rd} instar)$ worms of Pure Mysore, a multivoltine were reared at 26, 28, 30 and $32^{\circ}C$ followed by combinations of these temperature levels during late age $({4^th} and {5^th} instar)$. Food consumption, conversion, larval duration and growth for each instar were recorded. The influence of combinations of these temperature levels during rearing on survival and cocoon production was assessed. Food consumption increased with the temperature up to $4^th$ instar and decreased during $5^th$ instar. Temperature beyond $28^{\circ}C$ during young age followed by higher temperature ($30^{\circ}C$ and above) has shown deleterious effect on cocoon production. The paper discusses the rearing performance in relation to food intake and conversion under the tested temperature levels.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.705-716
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• 2018

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a critical organelle for protein synthesis, folding and modification, and lipid synthesis and calcium storage. Dysregulation of ER functions leads to the accumulation of misfolded- or unfolded-protein in the ER lumen, and this triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which restores ER homeostasis. The UPR is characterized by three distinct downstream signaling pathways that promote cell survival or apoptosis depending on the stressor, the intensity and duration of ER stress, and the cell type. Mammalian cells express the UPR transducers IRE1, PERK, and ATF6, which control transcriptional and translational responses to ER stress. Direct links between ER stress and immune responses are also evident, but the mechanisms by which UPR signaling cascades are coordinated with immunity remain unclear. This review discusses recent investigations of the roles of ER stress in immune responses that lead to differentiation, maturation, and cytokine expression in immune cells. Further understanding of how ER stress contributes to the pathogenesis of immune disorders will facilitate the development of novel therapies that target UPR pathways.

• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.273-280
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• 2000

Time-tradeoff measures and healthy years equivalents were assessed and compared through an empirical study based on Multi-attribute utility theory. The study included 33 student subjects as a pilot study, and 54 end-stage renal disease patients in Wisconsin. The two outcome measures were compared with the survival duration of 1, 5, and 10 years. The results of the study show that the time-tradeoff method and the two-stage method did not lead to the same numerical quantities, although they aim to measure the same quantities (equivalent numbers of healthy years) theoretically. The healthy years equivalents involved more inconsistencies, and were less reliable than the time-tradeoff measures. Overestimation of the healthy years equivalents was observed. This seemed to be caused by the complex procedure of the two-stage method as well as by the preferences assessment biases. Based on the study experiences, the time-tradeoff measure would be recommended for problems involving generic medical applications and health policies.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.393-401
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• 1989

Between Dec. 1984, and May, 1988,96 prostheses were implanted in 80 patients at Dept. of Thoracic k Cardiovascular Surgery of National Medical Center. 43 patients had mitral valve replacement, 21 underwent aortic valve replacement, and 15 had double valve replacement [Mitral k Aortic], and 1 had tricuspid valve replacement. Seventy-one cases [88.8 %] were in NYHA Class III or IV. The mean duration of follow up was 22.1 months and follow-up information was available for 74 [92.5 %] of the patients. The overall actuarial survival rate at 45 months was 93.05 % and overall hospital mortality was 10 %, late Mortality was 5 %. The linearlized incidence of thromboembolism [2.4%/pt-yr], thrombotic valve obstruction [1.6 %/pt-yr], anticoagulant related bleeding [0.8 %/pt-yr]. There were no fatal valve related complications. The blood was studied in 40 patients 1 year after valve operation. Hgb and reticulocyte count were within normal values and Serum LDH value was slightly elevated but it was not of clinical significance. In conclusion, Monostrut Bjork-Shiley valve prosthesis to be a reliable valve substitute with an acceptable incidence of complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.444-450
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• 1994

From June 1984 to February 1994, cardiac valve replacement was performed in 108 patients. The distribution of patients was ranged from 13 to 64 year-old age[mean 39.48 1.24] and 51 patients were male, 57 patients were female [male:female=1:1.1]. 64 patients had mitral valve replacement, 27 patients underwent aortic valve replacement and 17 patients were performed double[mitral & aortic] valve replacement. Total 125 artificial cardiac valves were used, mechanical valves were 51 valves and tissue valves were 74 valves. The duration of follow-up was 473.41 patient-year[mean 4.79 3.29 patient-year] and the information of follow-up was available for 99 patients[92%]. The actuarial survival rates including the operative mortality was 89.5% & 88.3 at postoperative fourth & ninth year. The probability of freedom from overall valve failure, thromboembolism and bacterial endocarditis were 77.5%, 89.2% and 95.6% at ninth year after cardiac valve replacement.