• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.314-326
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• 2022

Investigation of conservation status, optical survey, infrared thermography, and ultrasonic examination were performed on Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva mural and Buddhist Monk Bodhidharma mural to determine the conservation status and physical properties. As a result of investigation of conservation status, the types of damage are largely divided into the wall and finishing layer damage, painting layer degradation, damage due to restoration materials, stains and contamination, and biological damage. As a result of the optical survey, drawing, stains, and repainted site were confirmed. Result of the infrared thermography, the delamination of the finishing layer was confirmed, and some locations and shapes of the wooden lath inside the wall were identified. The result of the 3D scanning, the deviation, and the separation of the wall was confirmed. As a result of ultrasonic examination, it was confirmed that the physical properties of the mural were identified and the ultrasonic speed was relatively low due to physical damage such as delamination and exfoliation of the finishing layer and cracking. Ultrasonic speed values were also high in some wall cracks or delamination, and it was confirmed by the infrared thermography results that the wooden lath inside the wall was located in those parts. It was possible to understand that the wooden lath inside the walls affects the ultrasonic speed during the ultrasonic examination. Therefore, management through periodic inspection of the relevant elements is necessary, and a countermeasure for damage that may occur in the future should be prepared along with intensive monitoring of the major damage identified in this diagnosis result.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 2015

Traditional Hanok in modern society, depending on the improvement of economic and cultural level is evolving as a modern Hanok. An ideal of traditional Hanok and convenience of a modern housing does not match rather conflicting. This study deals the transformation of a new Hanok, which are build in Jeollanam-do province sponsored by local government from 2007. The subjects was selected 34 cases from Sunchon and Damyang which are build sponsored by Jeollanam-do local government from 2009 to 2011. The report is a design drawing of a Hanok, architectural survey of the Hanok research using questionnaires and interviews with the client or a resident, was confirmed by a visit to check and verify for each Hanok houses. Outside shape classification of Hanok were classified as straight, L type, and the interior space was analyzed by focusing on the living room, dining room, kitchen configuration consisting of housing space in public life. This study and the type of Hanok round out the framework from the perspective of residence' demands and realize new Hanok investigated and the evolution of the process is meaningful to find a Hanok.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.63-72
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of the building, site, and region characteristic factors on the annual average price rising rate of apartment housing in Seoul. The data were consisted of 272 apartment units in Seoul. A survey included checking the drawing documents and interview with apartment maintenance staffs and real estate agencies from October 2006 to February 2007. Data were analyzed with descriptives, frequency, crosstabs, and linear regression by SPSS/PC for Window. The linear regression model was employed to evaluate the price rising rate in apartment housing. Following results were obtained. The price rising rate for pyeong ($3.3m^2$) of apartment housing was determinated by the district zone, the construction company's brand name, the building age, the building stories, the floor space index, the building-to-land ratio, the green space rate, and the distance from the downtown. Especially, the district zone was the most important factor that affected the price rising of apartment housing in Seoul. Therefore, the policy has to focus to solve the imbalance between autonomous districts with the collaborated tax.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2013

Due to the lack of available site in urban setting outdoor space in elementary schools are getting smaller and tend to be replaced by indoor spaces. Focusing on courtyard, piloti space and roof space, this study analyzed the current condition and usage of the outdoor spaces in the urban mini-schools based on the analysis of architectural drawing, interview, survey, and observation. Following issues are found for appropriate planning for outdoor spaces in the urban mini-schools. Firstly, roof space needs to be coordinated with the physical education and outdoor class curriculum and should be planned separately for quiet activities. Secondly, the piloti space should be planned as an independent space rather than a connection between classroom and outdoor space, with appropriate surveillance from teacher's space for the lower graders. Thirdly, courtyard space, typical space in urban mini school surrounded by densely arranged buildings, should be thermally controlled for outdoor class or resting with appropriate screen from noise to keep quiet atmosphere.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

Entering the twentieth century, corsets began to disappear with the tendency of concentrating on slim bodies and youth. As corsets proceeded to be discarded, they began to be internalized as a means of controlling the body; 'muscular corset' takes hold. However, the internalized corset increasingly appears to be externalized again in contemporary fashion. This study investigates how natural body is reconstructed as socio-cultural image drawing on the relationship between the signifier and signified of corset. As for the research methodology this study conducts literature survey to investigate the internalization of corset. This study proceeds to examine the subjects of fashion collections from 1980 to 2010 and samples the outfits which represent the externalization of corset through case analysis. Through the discussion of the study, the relationship of signifier and signified in the externalization of corset is argued as follows: first, by maintaining signifier and signified of the traditional corset as underwear, aggressive eroticism of corset has been observed, second, by perceiving corset as the agency of the body, fetishism of corset dissociates the function of sexual object from corset while distorting the relationship of signifier and signified, third, through embodying the notion of muscular corset literally, the ironical representation of corset as a torturing device of female body deconstructs the traditional relation of signifier and signified of corset.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.662-669
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related disease are drawing a lot of attention in Korea as one of the serious health problems. Bone health status may be influenced by the general dietary quality and dietary pattern. SUBJECTS/METHODS: To determine the relationship between dietary quality and intake patterns and bone health status, the %RNI, NAR, DDS, and food group intake patterns were assessed according to their bone health status for 847 postmenopausal women using the 2010 KNHANES data after eliminating those of likely changing their diet under the advice of doctors or those taking estrogen. RESULTS: Bone health became worse as dietary quality deteriorated. All NAR and %RNI values were highly associated with bone health levels and the consumption frequency of Ca sources, DDS and the food group intake patterns also confirmed the findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that dietary quality and dietary patterns were important for bone health. Nutritional education on eating foods from the five basic food groups has to be emphasized to prevent osteoporosis among older women.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8820-8829
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• 2015

While medical services are recognized to be crucial in a process of disease treatment, the research has been done with the service space and waiting time in a medical institution. This paper's objective is to evaluate the waiting areas of lobby, outpatient clinic, operating room in a general hospital and to draw factors of architecture design for further improvement, identifying strengths and weaknesses to be analyzed in terms of medical service. Research method is to define concepts of waiting time through literature review and advanced researches, analyze characteristics of architectural plan through drawing analysis and site survey. This research will contribute to the improvements of the planning methods which will reduce the waiting time and increase the quality of medical service.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

This study aims to propose alternatives to improve the residential environmental of National Rental Housing for Elderly. To proceed the study, we draw elements of plan for apartment housing for Elderly through literature review, explore actual conditions of residential environment on National Rental Housing for Elderly in Ha-dong, Kim-Jae, do IPA analysis using survey data, and finally, propose prior alternatives for the improvement of National Rental Housing for Elderly based on IPA analysis results. In the results, a lot of the planning elements of apartment housing for Elderly was applied for this site. But living conditions of residents need to be improved based on the result that importance (3.55) is higher than performance (3.18). this study is critical in drawing the direction of plan and improvement alternative by surveying actual residents, and will be used as the source for the National Rental Housing for Elderly project.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.75-91
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• 2017

Purpose Fintech has been recently drawing extensive attention all over the world as the innovative trend that will change the future of the global financial industry. However, fintech has been mostly focusing on the payment service in the embryonic stage in Korea. This paper will investigate the approach to increase the intention to use for those who do not use fintech at present. Design/methodology/approach This paper empirically analyzes the impact of innovation of users and the perceived ease-of-use and security on the intention to use through the perceived usefulness and confidence. The 255 survey responses were used to verify research hypotheses through covariate structural equation model. Findings According to the analysis results, it was found that innovation had a significant impact on the perceived usefulness, but had no significant impact on confidence. The perceived usefulness had a significant impact on perceived usefulness and confidence. Moreover, the perceived usefulness and confidence had a significant impact on the intention to use. Meanwhile, it was identified that the security perceived by those who do not use fintech had a negative impact on perceived usefulness, confidence, and intention to use related to fintech. Accordingly, fintech service providers need to determine an approach to help customers to have a positive perception on the security of fintech.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.465-479
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• 2002

This paper seeks to Produce a typology of enterprise-support services. Drawing upon this typology, this study will attempt to identify the status quo of the government enterprise-support services system and also examine the demand for and supply of these services according to regional differences and industrial characteristics (old versus new). Based on results of the survey taken in the Seoul software industry cluster especially around the Seocho, Gangnam-Gu, the Daejeon ICT industry cluster and the Gumi electronics industry cluster, it can be said that the demand for and supply of enterprise-support services are differentiated by the nature of an industry, the characteristics of a region and the growth stage of a firm. Finally, some policy suggestions will be addressed.