• 자원환경지질
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.341-354
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• 1989

Mineralogy and geochemistry of five pyrophyllite deposits in Yangsan-Milyang area such as Cheonbulsan, Dumyong, Dongrae, Youkwang, and Sungjin mines were investigated. Pyrophyllite ores consist mainly of pyrophyllite, sericite, and quartz with some amounts of kaolinite and pyrite. Polytype of pyrophyllite is 2M. Sericite has two polytypes of 1M and 2M1. The ${\delta}^{18}O$ values of pyrophyllite from the Cheonbulsan and the Dumyong mines were measured as 0.23-0.60‰ and 3.40‰, respectively, and those of montmorillonite and kaolinite from the Dumyong mine were in the range of 11.90-12.06‰. This low oxygen isotope composition provides conclusive evidence for hydrothermal activity in the studied area. Contents of major elements are more useful than those of trace elements to discriminate altered zones such as pyrophyllite, sericite, argillic, and andalusite zones from the surrounding rocks. Particularly, contents of $K_2O$, $Na_2O$ and CaO are helpful to identify alteration zones from the discriminant and the cluster analysis of multi-element data.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.685-688
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• 2004

Fresh water discharge from the sea floor strongly affects a coastal ecology and the diffusion of contaminants. Much fresh water discharge has been found in the edge of Kurobe alluvial fan, in which annual rainfall is over 4000mm and there is abundant groundwater. However, it is difficult to find the groundwater discharge, thus the search of possible areas with some remote sensing tools is required. Because the temperature of the discharge point is relatively low compared with the surrounding sea water surfaces, there is a possibility to detect the area as an irregular zone of thermal infrared images. Two anomalous temperature zones, which have no surface streams from rivers, are detected by ASTER thermal-infrared images. One of them was verified as the groundwater discharge point by dives. In addition, the distribution of water table under the land side of the two areas is also detected as irregular zones by a ground-penetrating radar

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

This study set out to identify problems with amphibian habitation by the wetland types and improve their habitation environment in urban forest wetlands, thus creating a habitat for amphibians. Study site include forest swamps in Jatjul Park as well as Yeoji neighborhood Park in Guro-gu, and in Choansan neighborhood Park in Dobong-gu. The forest swamp in Jatjul Park gets its water from Mt. Maebong and it is a former escalated farmland-turned wetland. The swamp area is $2,500m^2$, a forest zone and a landscape planting site are 83.27% and 6.70% each. Target species Seoul pond frogs are inseparable from rice fields because they live in a short radius of and lay eggs in or near paddy fields, and Rana nigromaculata have similarities with Rana plancyi chosenica in choosing their habitats. There was need for paths that would lead to other paths so amphibians would spread to other parts of the forest and for measures to secure open water. Modifying a variety of routes for water, human and animals along with building a buffer to keep the core habitation zones were required. The forest swamp in Yeonji neighborhood Park used to be a water reservoir on the foot of Mt. Gunji. The swamp area is $1,980m^2$, a forest zone and farmland account for 80.61% and 4.88% each. Non-point pollutants from upstream along run into the subject forest marsh, bare ground on the around swamp and steep stone embankments obstructed amphibians. Target species was Bufo gargarizans that live in forests and edges of hills and spawn in deep water. The forest swamp in Choansan neighborhood Park gets its water from Mt. Choan and it is close to its water source that it is a mountain stream forest wetland. The basin and the swamp are $35,240m^2$ and $250m^2$ in size respectively. A forest zone accounts for 90.20%, high stone embankments laid in refurbishing the valley obstruct amphibians and there is water shortage in times of droughts. Target species were Rana coreana, Rana dybowskii and Hynobius leechii that live in mountain valleys, streams and wetlands and lay eggs in forest marshes and rocks in valleys. Looking into the three swamps of amphibian habitation, I came to conclusions that those wetlands were suitable for their amphibians but man-made facilities blocked their corridors leading to other corridors and even killed off target species in some parts of those swamps by destroying those parts. Amphibians live in water, on ground and underground at different stages of life. Hence, we should take this fact into consideration when planning their habitats and design core habitation zones, buffers zone and use zones accordingly. Buffer zones ought to be between core habitation zones and surrounding trees. Aiming at protecting core habitation zones, buffers should be in harmony with habitation zones. Use zones should be minimized in size and not in direct contact with core habitation zones.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2019

In this paper, we implemented a mobile application of location-based augmented reality that combines self-sensing technology and various safety information using technological advancements of the smartphone. Vessel navigation is a suitable area for augmented reality because it requires accurate knowledge of the distance and location of destinations, danger zones, AtoN, and adjacent vessels. Current smartphone applications only provide 2D images and location information. Such applications do not include information about the surrounding environment, and as a result, they can only function using their own sensing information and surrounding information into a location-based augmented reality. If you provide a variety of sensor information embedded in the smartphone to 'BadaGO', the implemented application through this study, 'BadaGO' can provide safe navigation information to the user device in real time with a variety of its own formed information. The user has a high practicality and applicability of a small ship that is supplied with safe navigation information in a changing marine environment only by providing information through the application on the smartphone.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.21-44
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• 1989

Incipient changes of the periodontal tissue in the pressure zones of rat molar subjected to the experimental force were studied by the transmission electron microscope. Experimental animals were consisted in 3 control and 21 experimental rats, of which one maxillary first molar was moved buccally with a fixed appliance which were exerting the force of 15 gm. After experimental period of 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days and 7 days, the animal were sacrificed with cardiac perfusion of $2.5\%$ glutaraldehyde in the sodium cacodylate buffer and the experimental teeth with surrounding periodontal structures were processed for electron microscope. At the beginning of the tooth movement, periodontal ligaments of the pressure were compressed and collagenous fibers were arranged parallel to the root of the teeth and cell free zones in company with cell necrosis were followed. Cell free zones at the periodontal ligaments appeared in the 3 hour survival group, and getting severe with time lapse it became widespread in 2-3 day survival group and undermining bone resorption as a healing process was observed in 7 day survival group. Dilatation of mitochondria and swelling of the rER in the fibroblast and other connective tissue cells in the periodontal ligament were observed in the 3 hour survival group, which were characteristics of the incipient changes in the compressed periodontal ligament. Dilatation of nuclear membrane and pyknosis were followed by the destruction of the nucleus and cell membrane. There were no evidence in cell damage or necrosis of the alveolar bone adjacent to the hyalinized area of periodontal ligaments.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.915-926
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• 2016

본 연구는 도시지역 토사재해 위험지역에 대한 특성을 살펴보고, 다변량 통계분석을 이용하여 위험지역들을 유형화하여 관리전략상의 시사점을 도출한다. 사례분석은 서울시 산재된 토사재해 위험지역 49개소 현장조사 표본자료를 대상으로 하며, 조사항목의 특성정보를 이용하여 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과, 도시지역 토사재해 위험지역에는 계류부 하단 주변에 공원, 택지, 도로 등이 주로 위치하고 있으며, 다수의 주택가가 위험 지역과 인접해 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 군집분석과 판별분석을 통해 토사재해 위험지역은 크게 2가지 유형으로 구분되며, 위험지역에 대해 중점적으로 고려해야 할 요소는 주변 토지이용과 비탈면 경사임을 확인하였다. 이들 인자를 근거로 각 유형별 특성을 고려한 도시지역 토사재해 관리전략 상의 시사점을 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 분석방법과 관리전략상의 시사점은 기존의 산지 중심의 위험지역 관리대책에 더하여 피해 영향권에 해당하는 시가지에 대한 관리대책을 고려함으로써 토사재해에 보다 효과적으로 대응할 수 있는 기초가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1994

금강 하구에서 관찰되는 황색 수색대의 발생 원인과 성상을 규명하기 위하여 92년 5월, 7월, 8월, 10월, 93년 2월 금강 하구해역 18개 정점에서 행한 연구 조사 결과를 요약하면 금강 하구 해역에 나타나는 황색 수색대의 수색은 수색계급 9에 해당되며 보통 조사점 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15 및 17에서 연중 계속 존재하였다. 금강하구 해역의 일반수질은 해역환경기준 I 등급에 해당하는 양호한 상태이나 유기오염물은 증가되고 있으며 영양염 농도는 황색 수색대 안쪽 해역이 바깥쪽 해역보다 높은데 총무기질소 안쪽 해역에서 보면 총무기질소는 해역환경기준 III등급을 초과하였고 인산인 농도는 III등급이었으며 바깥쪽 해역에서는 총무기질소 농도와 인산인 농도 모두 II등급에 해당하는 부영양 상태였다. 그러나 금강하구 해역은 유속이 빠르고 총부유물질로 인한 광투과 저하 때문에 식물성 프랑크톤의 대량증식에는 부적합한 지역이었다. 또한, 금강하구 해역에 나타나는 황색 수색대의 형성 원인 총부유물질 중 $85\%$ 이상을 점유하는 토사때문이었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.147-152
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• 2006

In this study, we examined the applicability of three-dimensional electrical resistivity survey to detect underground cavities of ground subsidence area at the field test site, located at Yongweol-ri, Muan-gun in Korea. Underground cavities are widely present within the limesilicate bedrock overlain by the alluvial deposits in the area of the test site where the ground subsidences have occurred in the past. The limesilicate cavities are mostly filled with groundwater and clays in the test site. Thus, cavities have low electrical resistivity compared to the surrounding host bedrock. The results of the study have shown that the zones of low resistivity correspond to the zones of the cavities identified in the boreholes at the site, and that the three-dimensional electrical resistivity survey used are very effective to detect underground cavities.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제28권
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• pp.63-88
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• 2005

Korean government is planning to develop the airport and its surrounding area into a Northeast Hub of Asia. In accordance with the Free Trade Zones Act, Incheon International Airport Corporation is in charge of developing the free trade zone which will be located adjacent to the airport cargo terminals. The free trade zone plays an important part for the promotion of international logistics. So the purpose of this paper is to make research on the activation measures of the airport free trade zone for the building of a hub of international logistics. As for the research, this paper reviews the current regulations of the Free Trade Zones Act. Also this paper analyzes recent plans and reports on the free trade zone by Incheon International Airport Corporation and Korean government authorities. As the results of this paper, it will contribute to the activation of the airport free trade zone, and to building Incheon International Airport into the logistics hub of Northeast Asia, and to the inducement of foreigner's investment in the free trade zone.

• 교육시설
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the planning characteristics of contemporary Japanese elementary schools. Fifteen schools, that have new planning trends or design ideas have been selected and analyzed. The planning characteristics of schools identified by plan analyses are summarized as follows. First, space programs of schools are diverse, especially in support facilities, gymnasiums and auditoriums. These spaces can be used by community members. So it is assumed that needs of communities are reflected in space programs of schools. Second, various types of unit learning spaces consisting of multipurpose spaces and classrooms embodied in case schools tell the differentiation in the structure of unit learning spaces. Third, grouped with gymnasiums or auditoriums, special instructional spaces constitute community zones where school facilities are open to public. Fourth, replacing the monotonous circulation systems by corridors, multipurpose hall-type space organization systems make surrounding spaces more activated and complex and the multipurpose hall itself becomes the central part of schools. Finally, outdoor spaces are designed to have convenient access and approach zones to school precincts are linked with city street.