• 에너지공학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2012

Electricity is the basic building block of economic development, and constitutes one of the vital infra-structural inputs in socio-economic development. The demand for electricity has been increasing due to extensive urbanization, industrialization, and a rise in the standard of living, as is the case with residential electricity consumption. This paper attempts to estimate the consumer surplus and the economic value of the residential consumption of electricity in Seoul to assist in decision-making in electricity management. The estimated consumer surplus represents the value of the area under the demand curve, above the actual price that is paid for residential electricity consumption. The estimated annual consumer surplus and economic value for the year 2005 amount to 2,144.7 and 3,727.4 billion won, respectively. The estimates per kWh were 184.9 and 316.0 won, respectively, which imply that the consumer surplus and the economic value of residential electricity consumption significantly outweigh the average price of electricity in 2005 of 91.1 won per kWh.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.134-140
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• 2008

국내 전력시장에서 현 혼잡처리방법은 혼잡비용(congestion cost)을 부가비용(uplift)형태로 전력 사용량에 비례하여 시장 전체의 모든 소비자가 부담하고 있다. 반면 다수의 해외 전력시장에서 채택하고 있는 지역한계가격 (Locational Margnal Pricing)방식은 혼잡으로 인한 비용을 시장 참여자들에게 차등적으로 배분하고 있다. 현재 국내 전력시장에서는 송전 혼잡처리방법의 변경으로 인한 시장참여자 수익에 미치는 영향에 대한 체계적인 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 혼잡처리방법의 변경이 국내 전력시장의 소비자 비용과 발전기 잉여에 미치는 영향에 대해서 분석한다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2015

전력은 인간의 생존과 산업생산에 있어서 필수적인 투입요소이다. 전력의 소비로부터 경제적 편익이 발생하며, 특히 전력소비의 경제적 편익은 전력과 관련된 정책의 다양한 분야에서 중요한 정보로 활용된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전력소비로 인해 발생하는 경제적 편익을 평가하고자 한다. 전력소비의 경제적 편익은 소비자 지출과 소비자 잉여의 합으로 구성되는 전력 수요함수 아랫면적이다. 이때 소비자 지출은 쉽게 관측되는 반면에 소비자 잉여를 계산하기 위해서는 수요의 가격탄력성에 대한 정보가 필수적으로 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 주택용, 산업용, 일반용 전력을 대상으로 하며, 문헌 조사를 통해 전력의 용도별 가격탄력성에 대한 정보를 유추한다. 용도별 전력 수요의 가격탄력성은 각각 -0.332, -0.351, -0.263으로 추정되었다. 2013년을 기준으로 추정된 전력 1kWh 소비의 소비자 잉여는 각각 191.54원, 143.44원, 231.91원이며, 2013년 기준 전력의 용도별 평균가격은 각각 127.02원, 100.70원, 121.98원이므로, 전력소비자의 경제적 편익은 각각 318.56원, 244.14원, 353.89원이다. 소비자 물가지수를 이용하여 이 값을 2014년 기준으로 환산하면 주택용, 산업용, 일반용 순으로 각각 321.96원, 246.75원, 357.67원이다. 이 값은 전력공급사업의 경제성 분석에서 중요한 정보로 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권10호
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• pp.616-623
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• 2003

Competition among electric generation companies is a major goal of restructuring in the electricity industry, The trading system in an electricity market has been one of the most important issues in deregulated electricity market. This paper deals with comparisons of the major two types of the trading system: compulsory pool market and bilateral contract market. The two trading systems are compared quantitatively from the viewpoint of consumer's surplus and social welfare, This paper, also, proposes a unified model of Cournot and Bertrand for analyzing the mixed trading system of pool market and bilateral contract market. Nash equilibrium of the unified model is derived by criteria for participating in bilateral contract market. Numerical results from a sample case show that a mixed trading system of pool market and price-competitive bilateral market is beneficial to consumer from the view points of consumer's surplus.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

We estimated the price range of electricity transactions under the prosumer system, considering the spread of renewable energy and the prospect of introducing a surplus power trading system between power consumers in Korea. The range (min/max) of power transaction prices was estimated by prosumers and consumers who could purchase electricity from utilities if needed. It is assumed that utilities purchased electricity from prosumers and consumers under a Time-of-Use (TOU) rate, trading at a monthly price. The range of available transaction prices according to the amount of power purchased from utilities and the amount of transaction power was also estimated. The price range that can be traded is expected to vary depending on variables such as the TOU rate, purchased and surplus power, levelized cost of electricity, etc.

• 에너지공학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2002

경쟁적 전력시장에서는 다수의 시장 참여자들이 전력을 사고팔게 되는 만큼, 시장참여자들과 전력거래소 사이의 전력거래를 효과적으로 정산하기 위한 다양한 기법들이 요구된다. 특히 제약보상금액은 전력거래시에 시장참여자의 입찰 우선순위에도 불구하고 전력거래소가 계통의 제약조건으로 인해 실제 급전계획에서 조정한 전력거래량에 대해서 해당 거래금액을 보상해주기 위한 지불금액으로써, 우리나라의 도매경쟁 전력시장 설계에도 적용되어 있는데, 전력시장에서의 불필요한 분쟁을 방지하기 위해서는 그 계산과 정에 대한 명확한 이해가 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 제약보상금액을 보다 명확하고 효율적으로 정산하기 위한 계산기법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 각 급전치에 대한 시장참여자의 잉여 이익을 계산하고, 급전치의 변동에 의한 잉여 이익의 변동을 기준으로 제약보상금액을 계산하여 거래금액과 함께 정산한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2017

With worldwide efforts to increase the portion of renewable energy for $CO_2$ reductions, a lot of attention has been paid to P2G (power-to-gas) in Europe and Japan to efficiently utilize the surplus electricity. In this paper, economic feasibility analysis has been carried out for P2G using PEM water electrolysis by reflecting current economic status in Korea. In addition, efficiency and electricity price required to be competent in Korean market were provided. Based on cash flow diagrams, unit production costs for $H_2$ and $CH_4$ were estimated and profitability of P2G using PEM water electrolysis was analyzed.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.278-287
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• 2009

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) with capability of being recharged from the power-grid will reduce oil consumption. Also, the PHEV will affect the utility operations by adding additional electricity demand for charging. In this research, the power-grid impact by demand of PHEV charging is presented and the optimal charging control strategy for utility operators is proposed with simulated data. The penetration of PHEV is assumed to be 50% in the circumstances of Korean passenger car market and Korean power-grid market limitedly. To obtain smooth load shape and utilize the surplus electricity in power-grid at midnight and dawn, the peak of charging demand should be controlled to be located before 4:00 a.m., and the time slot which can supply the electricity power to PHEV should be allowed between 1:00 a.m.$\sim$7:00 a.m.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2014

Nash Cournot Equilibrium (NCE) has been widely used in a competitive electricity market to analyze generation firms' strategic production quantities. Congestion on a transmission network may lead to a mixed strategy NCE. Mixed strategy is complicated to understand, difficult to compute, and hard to implement in practical market. However, Stackelberg model based equilibrium does not have any mixed strategy, even under congestion in a transmission line. A guide to understanding mixed strategy equilibrium is given by analyzing a cycling phenomenon in the players' best choices. This paper connects the concept of leader-follower in Stackelberg model with relations between generation firms on both sides of the congested line. From the viewpoint of social welfare, the surplus analysis is presented for comparison between the NCE and the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE).

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.484-489
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• 2004

When the energy resource available to a particular plant (be it coal, oil, gas, water, or nuclear fuel) is a limiting factor in the operation of the plant, the entire economic dispatch calculation must be done differently. Each economic dispatch calculation must account for what happened before and what will happen in the future. This paper presents a formulation and a solution method for the optimization problem with a fuel constraint in a competitive electricity market. Take-or- Pay (TOP) contract for an energy resource is the typical constraint as a limiting factor. Two approaches are proposed in this paper for modeling the dispatch calculation in a market mechanism. The approaches differ in the subject who considers and inserts the fuel-constraint into its optimization problem. Market operator and each power producer having a TOP contract are assumed as such subjects. The two approaches are compared from the viewpoint of profits. surplus. and social welfare on the basis of Nash Equilibrium.