• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.585-590
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• 1997

미숙아에 있어서 동반되는 동맥관개존증은 향후 환아의 경과에 지대한 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 미숙아 에 있어서 동맥관 개존증으로 진단되어 치료를 받은 례를 관찰 분석하여 그 성적을 살피고 향후 동맥관개 존증의 치료 방향을 설정하고자 하였다. 1994년 12월 부터 1996년 10월까지 신생아 중환자실에 입원하여 동맥관개존증으로 진단을 받은 환자 57 명중을 대상으로 하여 임상기록지를 관찰하였다. 인도메타진 등의 내과적 치료를 받은 환자(I 군)는 48명 (남자 29명, 여자 19명) 이었으며, 수술적 교정을 받은 환아(II 군)는 9명(남자 5명, 여자 4명)이었다. 각군에서의 환아의 평균 재태기간은 각각 29.6$\pm$3.1주, 28.1$\pm$1.6주0>0.05), 평균 출생시 체중은 각각 1,413$\pm$ 580gm, 1,098$\pm$235gm(p.0.05)이였다. 모든 환아에서 일차적으로 인도메타진 치료를 하였으며, 그중 인도메타 진 치료에도 불구하고 동맥관이 막히지 않고 패출혈, BUN의 상승, 소변량 감소 등으로 수술 대상이 되었 (9/57, 16%). 수술은 환자를 이동시키지 않고 신생아중환자실에서 결찰을 시행하였다. 2명의 환아들이 술 후 15일, 47일째 술전 부터 발생한 지속적인 패혈증및 기관지패 鎌紈봐塚막\ulcorner사망하였다. 수술과 직접적으 로 관련된 합병증 및 사망 례는 없었다. 인도메타진으로 내과적 치료만 한 환자 47명중 9명이 합병증(패혈 증, 기관패이형성증, 패내출혈, 신부전 등)으로 인하여 사망하여(19%) 내과적 치료의 실패는 520lo(18fsf였 다. 출생체중을 기준으로 보았을때 체중이 1500gm미만인 경우가 1500gm이상인 경우보다 그 실패율이 높았다(41% 15/38, 16% 3/19, p<0,05). 상기 결과로 부터 크기가 큰 동맥관 개존증, 체중이 적은 미숙아, 선천성 심기형을 동반한 경우 등 일부 미숙아에 있어서는 수술적 결찰술이 일차적 치료법으로 고려 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 환아를 수 술장으로 이동하지 않고도 중환자실에서 안전하게 수술할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of how the trauma care system applied on the management of trauma patient within the region. Methods: We divided the patients in a pre-trauma system group and a post-trauma system group according to the time when we began to apply the trauma care system in the Halla Hospital after designation of a trauma center. We compared annual general characteristics, injury severity score, the average numbers of the major trauma patients, clinical outcomes of the emergency department, and mortality rates between the two groups. Results: No significant differences were found in the annual patients' average age ($54.1{\pm}20.0$ vs. $52.8{\pm}18.2$, p=0.201), transportation pathways (p=0.462), injury mechanism (p=0.486), injury severity score (22.93 vs. 23.96, p=0.877), emergency room (ER) stay in minutes (199.17 vs. 194.29, p=0.935), time to operation or procedure in minutes (154.07 vs. 142.1, p=0.767), time interval to intensive care unit (ICU) in minutes (219.54 vs. 237.13, p=0.662). The W score and Z score indicated better outcomes in post-trauma system group than in pre-trauma system group (W scores, 2.186 vs. 2.027; Z scores, 2.189 vs. 1.928). However, when analyzing survival rates for each department, in the neurosurgery department, in comparison with W score and Z score, both W score were positive and Z core was higher than +1.96. (pre-trauma group: 3.426, 2.335 vs. post-trauma group: 4.17, 1.967). In other than the neurosurgery department, W score was positive after selection, but Z score was less than +1.96, which is not a meaningful outcome of treatment (pre-trauma group: -0.358, -0.271 vs. post-trauma group: 1.071, 0.958). Conclusions: There were significant increases in patient numbers and improvement in survival rate after the introduction of the trauma system. However, there were no remarkable change in ER stay, time to ICU admission, time interval to emergent procedure or operation, and survival rates except neurosurgery. To achieve meaningful survival rates and the result of the rise of the trauma index, we will need to secure sufficient manpower, including specialists in various surgical area as well as rapid establishment of the trauma center.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-67
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• 1997

일반적인 전자파환경 중에서 의료기관은 특수한 전자파환경을 형성하고 있다. 첨단전자산업의 발전과 함께 다양한 주파수와 전자계를 출력하는 의료장비는 그 출력자체가 진단이나 치료에 중요한 요소인 동시에 정밀한 장비에 교란을 줄 수 있는 요인을 지니고 있다는 점이다. 또 일반적인 휴대통신장비의 확산도 이러한 환경요인에 인자가 될 수 있다. 특히 중앙수술실이나, 중환자실, 인공신장실등의 의료장비가 밀집된 시설에서는 주파수나 강도면에서 다양한 형태의 전자파환경을 보였으며, 국내외 규정에서 정의하는 안전지침보다 사용거리나 그 강도면에서 열악한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 전기소작기 (전기메스)는 넓은 대역에 걸쳐 50㏈$\mu$V/m 이상의 강도의 전자파를 복사함으로서 상대적 전자파감성 장비에 대하여 보다 감쇄된 환경적 고려가 요구되고, 흔히 사용하는 보호자들의 이동전화기도 중환자실 출입구에서 사용할 경우 거의 100$\mu$V/m 가까운 복사잡음을 방출함으로서 금지 영역을 제정하여 배제할 필요성이 있다는 결론을 얻었다. 본 연구에서 의료기관내 특정 전자파환경을 파악하고, 그 실태에 따른 개선점을 지속적으로 보고함으로서 효과적이고 양질의 진료환경을 제공할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to define the content of the requisite knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs needed for clinical knowledge for nursing practice. Contents of knowlege on pathological physiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 colleges of nursing, and textbooks. The degree of need of 72 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college-graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospital in Seoul and three in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, and hospice ward. The results were as follows : 1. The highest scored items of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice were side effects of drugs, anticoagulants, mechanisms of drugs, antihypertensive drugs, tolerance and addiction of drugs, interactions among drugs, hospital infection in the order of importance. The lowest scored item was structure of microorganisms. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was repair in tissue injury unit, definition etiology classification of inflammation in inflammation unit, transplantation and immunologic response in alterations in immunity unit, thrombus and thrombosis in disorders of cardiovascular function unit, gene disorders in genetic disorders unit, hospital infection in infection unit, virus in microorganisms unit, side reactions of drugs in introduction unit, anticonvulsants in drugs for central nervous system unit, local anesthesia in anesthesia unit, anticoagulants in drugs for cardiovascular system unit, anti-inflammatory drugs in antibiotics unit, anti-ulcer drugs in drugs for digestive system unit, and bronchodilators in drugs for respiratory system unit. 3. The common content of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs needed for all clinical areas in nursing were side effects of drugs, anticoagulants, interactions among drugs, and hospital infection. However, the degree of need of each pathological physiology, clinical microbiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice such as tissue changes due to injurious stimuli, degenerative changes of tissue, alterations in metabolism of carbohydrates, ischemia, hyperemia and congestion, hospital infection, structure of microorganism, classification of microorganism, bacteria, virus, antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs, antiemetic drugs, antiparkinsonism drugs, antianxiety drugs, antibiotics, tuberculostatics, antiviral drugs, antifungal drugs, parasiticides, antiulcer drugs, antidiarrheais, and anti constipation drugs were shown according to the work area. 5. Significant differences in the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice such as transplantation and immunologic response, alterations in the metabolism of uric acid, structure of microorganism, classification of microorganism, immunosuppressants, drugs for congestive heart failure were demonstrated according to the duration of work. Based on these findings, all the 72 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing science should be included as contents of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to define the content of requisite human structure and function knowledge needed for clinical knowledge of nursing practice. Subjects of human structure and function were divided into 10 units, and each unit was further divided into 21 subunits, resulting in a total of 90 items. Contents of knowledge of human structure and function were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 college of nursing, and textbooks published by nurse scholars prepared with basic nursing sciences. The degree of need of 90 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospitals in Seoul and three university hospitals located in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, hospice ward, and their working period was mostly under 5 years. The results were as follows: 1. The highest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice were electrolyte balance, blood clotting mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, hematopoietic function, body fluid balance, function of plasma, and anatomical terminology in the order of importance. The lowest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice was sexual factors of genetic mutation. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was membrane transport in the living unit, anatomical terminology in movement and exercise unit, mechanism of hormone function in regulation and integration unit, component and function of blood in oxygenation function unit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive and energy metabolism unit, temperature regulation in temperature regulation unit electrolyte balance in body fluid and electrolyte unit, concept of immunity in body resistance unit, and genetics terminology in genetics unit. The highest order of importance according to subunit was membrane transportation in cell subunit, classification of tissues in tissue unit, function of skin and skin in skin subunit, anatomical derivatives of the skeleton subunit, classification of joints in joint subunit, an effect of exercise on muscles in muscle subunit, function of brain in nervous system subunit, special sense in sensory subunit mechanism of hormone function in endocrine subunit, structure and function of female reproductive system in reproductive system unit, structure and function of blood in blood unit, structure of heart, electrical and mechanical function in cardiovascular system unit, structure of respiratory system in respiratory system subunit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive system subunit, hormonal regulation of metabolism in nutrition and metabolism subunit, function of kidney in urologic system subunit, electolyte balance in body fluid, electolyte and acid-base balance subunit. 3. The common content of human structure and function knowledge need for all clinical areas in nursing was structure and function of blood, hematopoietic function, function of plasm, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, body fluid, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance. However, the degree of need of each human structure and function knowledge was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as skin and derivatives of the skin, growth and development of bone, classification of joint, classification of muscle, structure of muscle, function of muscle, function of spinal cord, peripheral nerve, structure and function of pancrease, component and function of blood, function of plasma, structure and function of blood, hemodynamics, respiratory dynamics, gas transport, regulation of respiration, chemical digestion of foods, absorption of foods, characteristics of nutrients, metabolism and hormonal regulation, body energy balance were demonstrated according to the duration of work. 5. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as classification of tissue, classification of muscles, function of muscles, muscle metabolism, classification of skeletal muscles, classification of nervous system, neurotransmitters, mechanism of hormone function, pituitary and pituitary hormone, structure and function of male reproductive organ, structure and function of female reproductive organ, component and function of blood, function of plasma, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, gas exchange, gas transport, regulation of respiration, characteristics of nutrients, energy balance, function of kidney, concept of immunity, classification and function of immunity were shown according to the work area. Based on these findings, all the 90 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing Science should be included as contents of human structure and function knowledge.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2011

목적: 최근 indomethacin의 대체약으로 ibuprofen이 미숙아 동맥관 개존증의 예방과 치료에 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 1,250g 미만의 미숙아를 대상으로 ibuprofen의 예방적 치료 효과 및 임상 경과를 분석하고자 하였다. 방법: 2009년 11월부터 2010년 7월까지 본원 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 1,250 g 미만의 동맥관 개존증 환아 39명을 대상으로 후향적으로 의무기록을 조사하였다. Ibuprofen의 예방적 투여군(출생 후 24시간 이내에 ibuprofen 투여) 13명에 대해 재태연령과 출생체중을 과거 대응(historical match)하여 대조군 26명으로 분류하였고, 두 군의 동맥관 개존증 빈도, 임상 경과 및 합병증을 분석하였다. 결과: Ibuprofen을 투여한 예방적 투여군과 대조군 간의 동맥관 폐쇄율(69.2% vs 77.7%, P=0.825)은 유의한 차이가 없었고, ibuprofen 치료에 실패하여 동맥관 결찰술을 시행 받은 경우도 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(23.1% vs 30.8%, P=0.719). 약물과 관련된 부작용으로 위장관 천공이 발생한 경우는 예방적 투여군에서 더 많은 경향을 보였으나 대상수의 부족 등으로 통계적 유의성은 없었다(30.8% vs 11.5%, P=0.194). 뇌실 내 출혈(grade${\geq}$3) 및 다른 미숙아 합병증의 발생률도 두 군간 차이는 없었다. 결론: 미숙아에서 ibuprofen의 예방적인 투여가 동맥관 폐쇄율, 동맥관 결찰술 그리고 고도의 뇌실 내 출혈의 빈도를 감소시키지 못하였다. 향후 예방적 ibuprofen 사용과 관련하여 효과 및 부작용에 대한 더 많은 연구가 되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2020

Background: Iliac artery aneurysm is frequently found in patients undergoing surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The use of commercial bifurcated grafts is insufficient for aorto-biiliac replacement with complete iliac artery aneurysm resection. We evaluated the effectiveness of handmade composite grafts for this purpose. Methods: A total of 233 patients underwent open surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm between 2003 and 2019, including 155 patients (67%) treated with commercial grafts and 78 patients (33%) treated with handmade composite grafts. Their operative characteristics, postoperative outcomes, and late outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The early mortality rate did not differ significantly between the groups. On average, the handmade composite graft technique took approximately 15 minutes longer than the commercial graft technique (p=0.037). Among patients who underwent elective surgery, no significant differences between the conventional and composite groups were observed in the major outcomes, including red blood cell transfusion volume (2.8±4.7 units vs. 3.1±4.7 units, respectively; p=0.680), reoperation for bleeding (2.7% vs. 3.1%, respectively; p>0.999), bowel ischemia (0% vs. 1.6%, respectively; p=0.364), and intensive care unit stay duration (1.9±6.6 days vs. 1.6±2.4 days, respectively; p=0.680). The incidence of target vessel occlusion also did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion: The increased technical demand involved with handmade composite grafting did not negatively impact the outcomes. This technique may be a viable option because it overcomes problems associated with commercial grafts.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2012

Background: With growing attention to the aortopathy associated with aortic valve diseases, the number of candidates for accompanying ascending aorta and/or root replacement is increasing among the patients who require aortic valve replacement (AVR). However, such procedures have been considered more risky than AVR alone. This study aimed to compare the surgical outcome of isolated AVR and AVR combined with aortic procedures. Materials and Methods: A total of 86 patients who underwent elective AVR between 2004 and June 2010 were divided into two groups: complex AVR (n=50, AVR with ascending aorta replacement in 24 and the Bentall procedure in 26) and simple AVR (n=36). Preoperative characteristics, surgical data, intra- and postoperative allogenic blood transfusion requirement, the postoperative clinical course, and major complications were retrospectively reviewed and compared. Results: The preoperative mean logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (%) did not differ between the groups: $11.0{\pm}7.8%$ in the complex AVR group and $12.3{\pm}8.0%$ in the simple AVR group. Although complex AVR required longer cardiopulmonary bypass ($152.4{\pm}52.6$ minutes vs. $109.7{\pm}22.7$ minutes, p=0.001), the quantity of allogenic blood products did not differ ($13.4{\pm}14.7$ units vs. $13.9{\pm}11.2$ units). There was no mortality, mechanical circulatory support, stroke, or renal failure requiring hemodialysis/filtration. No difference was found in the incidence of bleeding (40% vs. 33.3%) which was defined as red blood cell transfusion ${\geq}5$ units, reoperation, or intentional delayed closure. The incidence of mediastinitis (2.0% vs. 0%), ventilator ${\geq}24$ hours (4.0% vs. 2.8%), atrial fibrillation (18.0% vs. 25.0%), mean intensive care unit stay (34.5 hours vs. 38.8 hours), and median hospital stay (8 days vs. 7 days) did not differ, either. Conclusion: AVR combined with additional aortic or root replacement showed an excellent outcome and recovery course equivalent to that after isolated AVR.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.228-238
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how an Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) simulation application via smartphone effects nurses' ACLS knowledge and learning satisfaction. Methods: The participants were selected from nurses in medical Intensive Care Unit (ICU), surgical ICU and emergency room. The experimental group consists of fifty nurses who were self-learned with ACLS simulation application via smartphone and the control group of seventy-one nurses who used traditional learning materials. Outcome variables included nurses' knowledge and learning satisfaction which were collected before and after the intervention. Results: The scores of ACLS knowledge were higher in the control group compared to the experimental group (p=.001) while learning satisfaction showed no statistical difference (p=.444). In learning satisfaction, the experimental group showed higher interest than the control group (p=.019) while the control group rated higher on the item, 'the contents of education was reliable' (p=.007). Conclusion: ACLS knowledge score was graded higher in control group that used traditional learning method than the experimental group that used the smartphone application. This study showed that training with the new material significantly increased nurses' interest in ACLS education. Hence, more applications for smartphones should be developed to provide self-learning environment for nurses and improve care quality.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of mechanical interventions for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis in surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients. Methods: The participants were assigned to the intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) and graduated compression stocking (GCS) intervention. Patients who met the criteria were selected for comparison from our previous study. Data for 140 patients were included in the final analysis. Results: The mean age was 57.5 (${\pm}15.7$) and 61.4 % were men. About forty-seven percent of the participants were 61 years or over. In the second duplex scan, 3, 2 and 1 critically ill patients developed deep vein thrombosis in the control, GCS, and IPC groups, respectively. Incidences of DVT were 6.0%, 5.0%, and 2.0% for the control, GCS, and IPC groups, respectively. This difference was not significant. Relative risks of no intervention were 3.0 and 1.2 compared with IPC and GCS application. There were no significantly different variables among the three groups before the intervention except for diagnosis on admission. Conclusion: Although it may difficult to conclude that mechanical prophylaxis effectively prevents DVT among SICU patients because there was no statistical significance in this study, but incidence rates among the three groups differed greatly. The findings reveal that further study should be conducted with larger samples and randomized controlled trial for SICU patients.