• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
• /
• 제53권3호
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2004

This paper deals with the effective protection method for the household electric appliances against lightning surges invading from the Power lines. Direct or induced lightning is the main cause of the breakdown of household electric appliance. The most effective protection method is to install SPDs(surge protective devices) at household electric appliances. If SPDs were not installed at most household electric appliances, it is necessary to install SPDs on the mains. Therefore the propagation aspect and protection methods of lighting surges coming into household electric appliances through the mains was experimentally investigated. The in actual-sized test circuits results of protection method for 8 household electric appliances including computer monitors and TV set could be summarized as follows: The breakdown characteristics of household electric appliances from lightning surges were significantly changed with the their input impedance. Namely, the types of input impedance are classified into infinite, resistive or inductive impedances. Especially, the monitor for computer with inductive input impedance from lightning surges was relatively weak against lightning surges. It was confirmed that the self inductance of branch circuits on the mains have protection effect for household electric appliances against lightning surges invading from the power lines. Also the varistors installed at cabinet panel or circuit-breaker were more effective than multi-tap outlet with varistors. When installed varistors in cabinet panel and multi-tap outlet together, the surge protection effect is much more excellent in technical and economical aspects.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.385-386
• /
• 2009

This paper deals with assessment of equipotential bonding and electrical continuity in Buinding by investigation on the spot at construction site. The assessment was carried out for continuity of steelwork in reinforced concrete structure, bonding conductor, protective conductor. A new grounding system based on international standards includes unity grounding system, structure grounding utilizing steel reinforced concrete, equipotential bonding, use of surge protective device.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제20권8호
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2006

IEC 규격을 기반으로 최근에 개정된 KS 규격에 따라 등전위 접지시스템이 중요하게 자리매김 하였으며, 전원시스템의 안정성을 위해 서지보호소자의 사용이 급격히 증가하고 있다. 내재된 비선형 저항성분으로 뛰어난 V-I 특성을 가지는 $Z_nO$ 바리스터는 서지전압을 제한하여 서지전류로 환류시키기 위해 전원용 보호기로 주로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 $Z_nO$ 바리스터는 교류 전원선에 접속하기 위해서 몇 가지 회로조합 형태로 구성되어 사용되는데, 사용자는 바리스터를 직렬 혹은 병렬로 조합하여 사용함에 있어서 안전에 직접적으로 관련된 기능이나 열적 안정성을 포함한 많은 것들을 고려하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 40[kA]의 전류용량을 가지는 단일 바리스터 소자와 직렬 혹은 병렬 회로조합의 바리스터에 대하여 잔류전압, 방전전류, 누설전류, 표면온도를 측정하여 각각의 조합형태에 따라 안정성을 비교하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.1391_1392
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 저압 서지보호기의 안전성평가를 위한 고압 계통 고장에 의한 순간 과전압시험 설비를 IEC 61643-1의 따라 구축 하였고, 구축된 시험설비의 성능을 분석하였다. 고압 계통의 순간 과전압시험 기준은 가장 일반적인 미국전력 계통의 기준인 3상 4선식이 반영이 되었으며 전압의 크기는 AC 1200V이다. 본 논문에서는 순간과전압이 상과 접지사이의 개방전압 AC 1200V을 약 200ms 동안 인가되는지를 측정하였고, 단락전류가 AC 300A이상을 측정하였다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제25권10호
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2011

The proper installation of SPD and the evaluation of the SPD protection distance are basic steps for the effective protection measures of apparatus against surges within a structure. A novel method for installing SPD on the conventional distribution board without any modification was proposed and it's effectiveness was evaluated by experiments. Also, the transient overvoltage occurred across the power line from the SPD to the load was simulated with EMTP software to see how different the protection distances affecting the magnitude of the transient overvoltage. As evaluated, the effective protection method of apparatus against surges, coordinated SPD protection system is suggested as a proper measure to protect within the apartment.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.307-311
• /
• 2016

Although there are existing Residual Current Protective Device (RCD) including detect electric leakage and elements such as short circuit and surge, the occurrence of incidents caused by electric faults, including fire, are still constant. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of accidents through the electric field distribution in the interpretation of the fault contact breaker. Simulation results by the arc fault has shown the convergence of temperature and electric field to the defect. Through their simulation results, the main cause of erosion phenomena in circuit breaker bar is the electric arc by concentration of electric field not due to dissolve by temperature.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국조명전기설비학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.361-364
• /
• 2008

This paper deals with assessment of electrical safety for grounding system of buildings by investigation on the spot at construction site. The investigation was carried out for grounding method, grounding type, shape of grounding electrode, grounding for lightning protection system, continuity of steelwork in reinforced concrete structure and so on. The investigation on the spot was performed by researcher, engineer with over fifteen years of industry experience all over the country. As a result of investigation on the spot to 13 buildings, common grounding method was dominant. A new grounding system based on international standards includes unity grounding system, structure grounding utilizing steel reinforced concrete, equipotential bonding. use of surge protective device.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.603-609
• /
• 2013

In this paper, we present a 600-V reverse conducting insulated gate bipolar transistor (RC-IGBT) for soft and hard switching applications, such as general purpose inverters. The newly developed RC-IGBT uses the deep reactive-ion etching trench technology without the thin wafer process technology. Therefore, a freewheeling diode (FWD) is monolithically integrated in an IGBT chip. The proposed RC-IGBT operates as an IGBT in forward conducting mode and as an FWD in reverse conducting mode. Also, to avoid the destructive failure of the gate oxide under the surge current and abnormal conditions, a protective Zener diode is successfully integrated in the gate electrode without compromising the operation performance of the IGBT.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.5550-5558
• /
• 2015

최근 환경오염원의 배출이 적고, 에너지 효율이 높은 연료전지에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으며, 특히 고온동작 연료전지의 경우 대용량 연료전지발전시스템(FCGS, Fuel Cell Generation System)으로 전력계통에 연계되고 있다. 그러나 대용량 FCGS는 계통의 각종외란(불평형전류, 고조파, 서지 등)에 의하여 보호기기의 오동작, 제어소자의 소손현상 및 제어신호 헌팅현상이 발생하여 이에 대한 대책이 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 전력분석장비를 이용하여 대용량 FCGS에서 발생하는 실 계통 문제점을 분석하고, PSCAD/EMTDC, ETAP, P-SIM 소프트웨어를 이용하여, FCGS설비 및 FCGS의 접지계통과 불평형전류, 고조파, 서지와 같은 계통외란현상의 모델링을 수행하였다. 또한, 각 계통외란에 대한 방지대책을 수립하기 위하여, 불평형전류를 줄이기 위한 중성점접지저항기(NGR, Neutral Ground Resister)운용알고리즘, 고조파를 기준 범위 이내로 줄이기 위한 고조파필터 설계알고리즘, 서지로부터 설비를 보호하기 위한 SPD(Surge Protective Device) 운용알고리즘, 적절한 접지계통을 적용하기 위한 접지계통 운용알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이를 검증하기 위하여 상기에서 제시한 모델링을 이용하여, FCGS의 주요 장해요인들을 모의한 결과, 본 논문에서 제안된 대용량 FCGS의 계통외란방지알고리즘의 유용성을 확인하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제57권10호
• /
• pp.1822-1828
• /
• 2008

This paper presents design parameter calculation methodology and its realization to construction for the 10/350${\mu}s$ lightning impulse current generator(ICG) modelled as double exponential function waveform with characteristic parameters ${\alpha},{\beta}$. Matlab internal function, "fzero" was applied to find ${\lambda}={\alpha}/{\beta}$ which is solution of nonlinear equation linearly related with two wave parameter $T_1$ and $T_2$. The calculation results for 10/350${\mu}s$ lightning impulse current show very good accuracy with error less 0.03%. Two type of 10/350${\mu}s$ ICGs based on the calculated design circuit parameters were fabricated by considering the load variation. One is applicable to the MOV based Surge protective device(SPD) for less 15 kA and the other is to test small resistive devices such as spark gap arrester and bonding device with maximum current capability 30 kA. The tested waveforms show error within 10% in comparison with the designed estimation and the waveform tolerance recommended in the IEC 61643-1 and IEC 60060-1.