• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.923-938
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• 2019

Surge motion of top-end platform induced by periodic wave makes marine flexible riser encounter equivalent sheared-oscillatory flow, under which the Vortex-induced Vibration (VIV) response will be more complicated than pure sheared flow or oscillatory flow cases. Based on a time domain force-decomposition model, the VIV response characteristics under sheared-oscillatory flows are investigated numerically in this paper. Firstly, the adopted numerical model is validated well against laboratory experiments under sheared flow and oscillatory flow. Then, 20 sheared-oscillatory flow cases with different oscillation periods and top maximum current velocities are designed and simulated. Under long and short oscillation period cases, the structural response presents several similar features owing to the instantaneous sheared flow profile at each moment, but it also has some different patterns because of the differently varying flow field. Finally, the effects and essential mechanism of oscillation period and top maximum current velocity on VIV response are discussed systematically.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.441-459
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• 2018

A coupled dynamic analysis of a semisubmersible-type FOWT has been carried out in time domain under the combined action of irregular wave and turbulent wind represented respectively by JONSWAP spectrum and Kaimal spectrum. To account for the turbine-floater motion coupling in a more realistic way, the wind turbulence has been incorporated into the calculation of aerodynamic loads. The platform model was referred from the DeepCwind project and the turbine considered here was the NREL 5MW Baseline. To account for the operationality of the turbine, two different environmental conditions (operational and survival) have been considered and the aerodynamic effect of turbine-rotation on actual responses of the FOWT has been studied. Higher mean offsets in surge and pitch responses were obtained under the operational condition as compared to the survival condition. The mooring line tensions were also observed to be sensitive to the rotation of turbine due to the turbulence of wind and overestimated responses were found when the constant wind was considered in the analysis. Additionally, a special analysis case of sudden shutdown of the turbine has also been considered to study the swift modification of responses and tension in the mooring cables.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2019

In order to utilize the marine environment in various fields such as renewable energy and offshore plant, it is necessary to utilize the far and deep ocean. However, there is still a limit to overcome and utilize the extreme deep-sea environment. Currently, the mooring system, which is the representative position control method of floating structure, has a structural and economic limit to expand the installation range to extreme deep-sea environment. Research has been conducted to utilize wave energy by developing floater using flapping foil as an alternative for station keeping in the deep sea by University of Ulsan. Based on the research, a model test was conducted for application to actual structures. In this study, we investigate how the floating body with passive flapping foils move in regular waves with different periods and study the condition of the model that can maintain its position within a certain range by overcoming the movement.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.2918-2927
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• 2020

This paper proposes a simplified elastic-plastic analysis procedure using the penalty factors presented in the Code Case N-779 for strain-based fatigue assessment of nuclear safety class 1 components under severe seismic loads such as safety shutdown earthquake and beyond design-basis earthquake. First, a simplified elastic-plastic analysis procedure for strain-based fatigue assessment of nuclear safety class 1 components under the severe seismic loads was proposed based on the analysis result for the simplified elastic-plastic analysis procedure in the Code Case N-779 and the stress categories corresponding to normal operation and seismic loads. Second, total strain amplitude was calculated directly by performing finite element cyclic elastic-plastic seismic analysis for a hot leg nozzle in pressurizer surge line subject to combined loading including deadweight, pressure, seismic inertia load, and seismic anchor motion, as well as was derived indirectly by applying the proposed analysis procedure to the finite element elastic stress analysis result for each load. Third, strain-based fatigue assessment was implemented by applying the strain-based fatigue acceptance criteria in the ASME B&PV Code, Sec. III, Subsec. NB, Article NB-3200 and by using the total strain amplitude values calculated. Last, the total strain amplitude and the fatigue assessment result corresponding to the simplified elastic-plastic analysis were compared with those using the finite element elastic-plastic seismic analysis results. As a result of the comparison, it was identified that the proposed analysis procedure can derive reasonable and conservative results.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.922-930
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• 2020

지난 10년간 복원력 상실에 의한 어선의 해양사고가 지속해서 증가하고 있으며, 갑작스러운 강풍이 주요 원인으로 지적되고 있다. 이러한 강풍에도 견딜 수 있는 어선의 운동·조종성능을 확보하기 위해서는 정밀한 풍하중 예측 기법이 우선되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전산유체역학 기법을 이용한 어선의 풍하중 평가기법을 개발하고자 한다. 특히, 고도 변화에 따라 풍속이 변화하는 계산환경을 모사하여 그 결과를 균일한 속도분포를 가정한 수치해석 결과와 비교 분석하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 0-180°까지 15° 간격으로 13개의 방향에 대해 풍하중을 계산하였으며, 계산에 사용된 메쉬 모델은 메쉬 의존성 시험을 수행하여 개발하였다. 전산수치해석은 RANS(Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes) 기반 상용 해석 Solver인 STAR-CCM+(Ver. 13.06)와 k-ω 난류 모델을 이용하여 정상상태(Steady State) 유동해석을 수행하였다. 수치해석결과를 간략히 살펴보면 Surge, Sway 및 Heave에서 39.5 %, 41.6 % 및 46.1 % 풍하중이 감소하였으며 Roll, Pitch 및 Yaw에서 48.2 %, 50.6 % 및 36.5 % 감소하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 고도에 따른 풍속 변화 모델을 통해 기존보다 정밀한 수준의 풍하중 추정이 가능한 것을 확인하였으며, 그 결과가 선박의 풍하중 추정 평가기법 발전에 이바지하길 기대한다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.527-535
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• 2009

This paper describes the control system to suppress the load pendulation using tagline for the floating crane. Dynamic equation of motion of the floating crane and the load is derived using Newton's 2nd law and free body model. The floating crane and the load are assumed that they move in center plane. Each rigid body has 3 DOF (surge, heave, pitch), because it moves in two directions and rotates. Then, this system, which is composed of two rigid bodies, has 6 DOF. The gravitational force, the hydrostatic force, the hydrodynamic force and the tension of the wire rope are considered as external forces, which affect to the floating crane. To suppress the pendulation of the load, the tagline, which connects between the load and the float crane, is applied to the system. The tagline is composed of the spring and the wire rope. Proportional and Derivative control is used as a linear control algorithm. The results of the numerical analysis of the 3,600 ton floating crane show that the tagline system is effective to suppress the load pendulation.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.227-238
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• 2015

The present work was an attempt to investigate the applicability of truncated mooring systems to KRISO's deep ocean engineering basin (DOEB) with ratios of 1:100, 1:60, and 1:50. The depth of the DOEB is 15 m. Therefore, the corresponding truncated depths for this study were equal to 1500 m, 900 m, and 750 m. The investigation focused on both the static and dynamic characteristics of the mooring system. It was shown, in a static pull-out test, that the restoring force of a FPSO vessel could be modified to a good level of agreement for all three truncation cases. However, when the radius of the mooring site was reduced according to the truncation factor, the surge motion response during a free-decay test showed a significant difference from the full-depth model. However, the reduction of this discrepancy was achieved by increasing the radius up to its maximum possible value while considering the size of the DOEB. Especially, in terms of the time period, the difference was reduced from 24.0 to 5.3 s for a truncation ratio of 1:100, 54.1 to 8.6 s for a truncation ratio of 1:60, and 31.7 to 3.9 s for a truncation ratio of 1:50. As a result, the study verified the applicability of the truncated mooring system to the DOEB, and therefore it could represent the full-depth mooring system relatively well in terms of the static and dynamic conditions.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.85-88
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• 2011

Purpose: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a relatively uncommon type of stress-induced cardiomyopathy characterized by transient left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities. Emotional and physical stresses play a key role in this type of cardiomyopathy in postmenopausal women. The current hypothesis is that the syndrome represents a form of catecholamine surge due to stress or epinephrine-mediated acute myocardial stunning. Methods: A 44-year-old woman had suffered premature ventricular contraction following a cardiogenic shock during a breast augmentation surgery under enflurane anesthesia and tumescent solution infiltration. She was treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation at a local clinic. Then she was brought to the Emergency Department of the authors' hospital. Results: The woman's echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 20~25% with associated basal hyperkinesis and left ventricular apical ballooning. The patient was admitted to the ICU and required inotropic support for two weeks. The patient's condition dramatically improved, and her ejection fraction returned to 70%. Conclusion: It is believed that there were multiple triggering factors of the onset of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in the woman's social and family history, including infiltration of a large volume of the tumescent solution and VPCs induced by enflurane anesthesia without premedication. The importance of careful history-taking, careful pre-operative consultation on psychological suffering especially for breast surgery, premedication before surgery, patient reassurance, and post-operative psychosocial and emotional assistance was again seen in this case.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.60-69
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• 1999

The noise and vibration sources of rotary compressor for room air-conditioner are pressure pulsation of compression process, cavity resonance of inner space, structural radiation noise of shell and impact noise of discharge valve. Among them, pressure pulsation is very important noise and vibration source. Because it transferred various kinds of noise and vibration like as mentioned above. In this reason, muffler and resonator are used in order to absorb and remove these noises. But an analytical prediction using acoustic analysis does not coincident with the experimental result. The difference between analysis and actual state is due to the assumption of analysis. This paper covered with new concept of muffler design based on the turbulence kinetic energy of flow by using CFD. From this analysis, it is possible to decide the best position of discharge port of muffler. Therefore $2{\sim}3dB$ noise reduction effect is acquired in rotary compressor of 5000 BTU grade. Also new approach of resonator design is suggested. From this study, the characteristics of resonator and surge hole (a kind of resonator without pipe length) are identified. The former is useful for pure tone noise (narrow frequency band), and the latter is effective for broad frequency band. This paper shows that it is very available to use 3 dimensional analysis of resonator in order to predict more exact tuning frequency. The result is proved by a lot of experiments. From combination of fluid analysis and acoustic analysis, up stream position is effective location of resonator concerning turbulence motion of fluid.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2001

조류를 고려한 조종운동방정식을 정립한 후 선박의 운동변수 뿐만 아니라 외력 및 조류의 방향과 속도도 상태변수로 설정하여 비선형 상태방정식과 측정방정식을 표현하였다. 여기서 외력은 3차의 Gauss-Markov 프로세스로 표시하고, 조류의 방향과 속도는 일정하다고 가정하였다. 상태 추정을 위하여 확장 Kalman-Bucy 필터와 고정간격 스무더를 이용하였다. 기존의 Hwang은 실선 시운전 계측값을 이용하여 동유체력미계수 및 조류의 영향을 동시에 확장 Kalman 필터를 이용하여 추정하였으므로 매개변수의 개수가 상당히 많아지는 반면 모델링 전 추정기법을 사용하면 각각의 동유체력미계수를 추정하는 대신에 3방향의 외력과 조류 변수만을 추정한다. 측정잡음이 포함된 시뮬레이션 측정값을 적용하여 조류 변수를 추정하는 경우 실제값이 잘 추정되는 것을 확인하였다.