• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.1159-1162
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• 2003

Recently we suffered lot of failures of polymer surge arresters made by same manufacture after one year field operation. In order to set up countermeasures we investigated the causes of failures. We extracted faulted arresters and sound ones which were installed in same pole with faulted ones for the electrical test and dissection. 44 arresters were removed from 8 branch offices. Almost all of faulted arresters hadtracking damage on the interface between inner module and housing and the surface of inner module was very rough and irregular. It was possible to occur moisture ingress into the interface between inner module and housing due to the void of the interface and non tight sealing caps. Lots of sound arresters were failed during the moisture ingress test. This result must relate with tracking damage of faulted arresters. Therefore we can say that arresters had poor interface and sealing system. But we could not found aging and defects of ZnO elements because the electrical performance except moisture ingress test of arresters showed good.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.10
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• pp.1265-1270
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• 2018

One of the ways to improve the stability of power facilities used in power systems is to use power surge arresters and to protect against transient overvoltages and surges in normal operation. Also it is important to reduce the impact of lightning strikes because lightning can create overvoltage in the grid of the wind turbine and affect power quality. So This paper analyzes the effects of overvoltage and adjacent turbines due to single strike and multi strike to ground impedance changes when the surge arrester is deteriorated in a wind power farm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.513-514
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• 2006

This paper presents the temperature characteristics with the structure of 18 kV surge arresters for distribution system. Three types of polymer arrester were fabricated and a ceramic arrester was also prepared to investigate. Below $100^{\circ}C$, three types of polymeric arresters exhibited almost the same leakage current value, but above $100^{\circ}C$, the polymeric arresters whose module was injected into polymeric housing with the grease exhibited the highest leakage current. In contrary, the arresters being manufactured by directly injecting silicone rubber onto arrester module exhibited the lowest leakage current. The rapid rising of leakage current of the polymeric arresters with the grease at $120^{\circ}C$ was because of the deterioration of the insulation characteristics of the grease between the FRP module and the silicone housing. All polymeric arresters exhibited the same surface temperature characteristics but the ceramic arresters was slower than the polymer arrester in heat emission despite the lowest leakage current. It was thought that the air layer between ZnO varistor blocks and the ceramic housing prevented the heat emission.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.238-247
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• 2004

This paper describes the insulation coordination scheme of line in distribution system when the direct lightning surge strikes. The BIL that is applied to distribution system is not properly considered the performance and operation of arresters. Because of that, the high BIL is being used at partial system. This paper variously analyses the lightning overvoltage of line and equipment with earth of overhead grounding wire and installation types of arrester. From these result. authors examine the rationality of BIL.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07e
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• pp.2329-2331
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• 1999

Metal oxide surge arrester were developed in the late 1970s, and were immediately adopted as significant breakthrough in over voltage protection of power system. Work was continued throughout the world on the design, development and application of metal oxide surge arrester. This paper describes the evaluating test and results of practical use for analyzing the performance of gapless metal oxide surge arresters under various type test.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.9 no.4 s.35
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• pp.357-361
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• 2006

This paper dealt with the performance evaluation and the diagnostic techniques of lightning arresters for DC electric traction vehicle. Field Measurements on the protective operation of lightning arresters against surge currents were carried out on running vehicles to acquire the data necessary for the diagnosis. The frequency and the magnitude of surge events were analyzed. Surge currents of $1\sim3$ times were recorded in one running service route and their magnitudes were ranges of $150A\sim2kA$. Also, an acceleration experiment on a lightning arrester by the standard lightning impulse current of 8/20 us and 5 kA was performed to know the aging characteristics. After the surge current application of 3,000 times, the reference voltage decreased by 4.5 %, and the leakage current was below 10 uA at the continuous operating voltage and about 50 uA at the rated voltage. From the experimental results, we propose a decision level of leakage current for the arrester used in this paper and designed an arrester tester which analyzes arrester condition by the magnitude of leakage current.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 2004

This paper describes the lightning overvoltage occurred differently according to installation methods of arresters and overhead grounding wire in case of double circuits distribution systems. First, the analysis models are established considering the severe case between upper and lower distribution line, when the direct lightning surge strikes to the overhead grounding wire. The lightning overvoltage is variously analyzed with the change of grounding interval and resistance, arrester installation interval as well as the magnitude of surge using EMTP. After simulation results are compared with the BIL which is now used at field, the authors propose the methods for suitable shielding in domestic distribution systems.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07c
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• pp.1718-1720
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• 2001

The route of surge arrester connection is very important because bends and kinds of leads increase the impedance to lightning surges and tend to nullify the effectiveness of a grounding electrode conductor. There is a need to know how effective installation of lightning surge arresters is made in order to control voltage and to absorb energy at high lightning currents. The effectiveness of a grounding conductor and bonding for 18[kV] metal oxide distribution line arresters was experimentally investigated with lightning and oscillating impulse voltages.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07e
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• pp.2323-2325
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• 1999

This paper presents characteristics of the aged and new 18kV surge arresters. In order to investigate aging characteristics, we measured total leakage current and resistive leakage current using specially made leakage current measurement system and also investigated $tan{\delta}$ of the arresters and microstructure of the elements. Through the investigation we found that all of the arresters does not aged for 2 years field operation.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.5A no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2005

The effects of surge arresters for the protection of transmission systems against direct lightning strokes have already been reviewed by many researchers. However, their studies have not encompassed underground cable systems. Therefore, in this paper we investigate the 22.9kV combined distribution systems that have arresters and ground wires. In addition, we analyze the overvoltages on underground distribution cable sections when direct lightning strokes contact the overhead ground wire using EMTP. Finally, we discuss the effect of lightning strokes according to the change of cable length and installation of arresters. This study provides insulation coordination methods for reasonable system design in 22.9kV underground distribution cable systems.