• Title/Summary/Keyword: Surface conditions

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Properties of Butt Joint in $Nb_{3}$Sn Conductors with change of Surface Pressure (접촉 면압에 따른 $Nb_{3}$Sn 도체의 Butt 접합부 특성)

  • 이호진;김기백;김기만
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
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    • 2002.02a
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    • pp.253-255
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    • 2002
  • Since a butt Joint is smaller than a lap type joint, it is expected to have smaller AC losses. The butt joint is produced by the diffusion bonding of the contacting surface under pressured and heated condition. It is important to find robust joining conditions, because butt joint has small contact area and has the shape by which the quality of bonding is hard to be checked. In this research, the loading pressure is considered as the joining parameter to find optimum joining condition. The DC resistance of the joint may be changed by the surface pressure during joining process, because the superconducting strands near the contact surface are failed by large plastic deformation. The range from 10 MPa to 18 MPa is expected optimum surface pressure in the conditions of 1 hour heating time and $750^{\circ}C$ temperature in the vacuum furnace.

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On the Thermal Effect of Vegetation Canopy to the Surface Sublayer Environment Part 1 : Numerical Experiment (Vegetation Canopy의 접지층 환경에 대한 열적 영향 제1부 : 수치실험)

  • 진병화;황수진
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.145-150
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    • 1999
  • To estimate the thermal effect of the vegetation canopy on the surface sublayer environment numerically, we used the combined model of Pielke's1) single layer model for vegetation and Deardorff's2) Force restore method(FRM) for soil layer. Application of present combined model to three surface conditions, ie., unsaturated bare soil, saturated bare soil and saturated vegetation canopy, showed followings; The diurnal temperature range of saturated vegetation canopy is only 20K, while saturated bare soil and unsaturated bare soil surface are 30K, 35K, respectively. The maximum temperature of vegetation canopy occurs at noon, about 2 hours earlier than that of the non-vegetation cases. The peak latent heat fluxes of vegetation canopy is simulated as a 600Wm-2 at 1300 LST. They have higher values during afternoon than beforenoon. Furthermore, the energy redistribution ratios to latent heat fluxes also increased in the late afternoon. Therefore, oasis effect driving from the vegetation canopy is reinforced during late afternoon compared with the non-vegetated conditions.

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A Study on the Cutting Characteristics of Al Alloy in End Milling for Various Hardnesses(I) (경도변화에 따른 Al합금의 밀링가공시 가공 특성에 관한 연구(I))

  • Kim Seong-Il
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.82-87
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    • 2006
  • The cutting tests of aluminum alloy with heat treatmented various hardnesses after rheo-fonning were carried out using CNC milling machine. The surface roughness(Ra, Rmax) of cut surface and cutting forces are measured at various cutting conditions such as low spindle speed, feed speed and hardness. In the CNC end-milling, the surface roughness increases as feed speed increases and decreases as spindle speed increases. However, the bulit-up edge has occurred on in case of low hardness and low feed speed. In experimental conditions, as the hardness of aluminum alloy increases, the surface roughness(Ra, Rmax) decreases

AFM based Surface Verifications of Pulse Electrochemical Polishing for Various Frequency Conditions (주파수 변화에 따른 AFM 기반의 펄스 전기화학 폴리싱 표면특성 분석)

  • Kim, Young-Bin;Kim, Jong-Tye;Ahn, Dong-Gyu;Park, Jong-Rak;Jeong, Sang-Hwa;Park, Jeong-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.246-251
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    • 2012
  • Pulse electrochemical polishing process has been used to improve mechanical properties such as surface roughness and corrosion resistance on conductive metallic materials. In addition, pulse electrochemical polishing process with various frequency may produce a lustrous, smoother, deburred and cleaned surface on workpiece. The aim of this paper is to study surface characteristics of pulse electrochemical polishing for various frequency conditions using AFM to verify localized surface variation in nanometer scale.