• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.123-128
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• 2013

The 'Dielectrophoretic Tweezers(DEP Tweezers)' can be used as a facile, economical toolkit for quantitative measurement of chemical and biological binding forces related to many biological interactions within a microfluidic device. Our experimental setup can probe the interaction between a single receptor molecule and its specific ligand. Immunoglobulin G(IgG) functionalized on polystyrene microspheres has been used to detect individual surface linked Staphylococcus protein A(SpA) molecules and to characterize the strength of the noncovalent IgG-SpA bond. It was measured and compared with the existing measurements. Measured single binding force of between Goat, Rabbit IgG and SpA were $17{\pm}7pN$, $74{\pm}16pN$. This work can be used to investigate several different ligand-receptor interactions and antigen-antibody interactions.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 1997

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped, microaerophilic human gastric pathogen causing chronic-active gastritis in association with duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. To investigate the possibility of H. pylori outer membrane proteins (OMPS) as the oral vaccine antigens, sarcosine-insoluble outer membrane fraction has been prepared from H. pylori NCTC 11637. The major OMPs having apparent molecular masses of 62 kDa, 54 kDa and 33 kDa were detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), which were identified as urease B subunit (UreB), heat shock protein (Hsp54 kDa) and urease A subunit (UreA), respectively. Minor protein bands of 57 kDa, 52 kDa, 40 kDa, 36 kDa and 31 kDa were also observed. The antigenicity of H. pylori OMPs and antigenic cross-reactivity among the strains were determined by immunoblot analysis using anti-H. pylori OMPs antisera or intestinal lavage solutions. The results showed that UreB, Hsp54 kDa, UreA and 40 kDa proteins vigorously stimulated mucosal immune response rather than systemic immunity. From this results, these proteins seemed to be useful as the antigen candidates for the oral vaccine. The immunoblotting results with surface proteins from eight isolated H. pylori strains were similar to that of H. pylori NCTC 11637. The IgA which had been arised from oral administration of H. pylori OMPs, was able to bind H. pylori whole-cells.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.316.3-317
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• 2002

In previous reports, we exhibited that acteoside showed significant cytotoxicity against various cancer cells. In this study we investigated that acteoside is capable of inducing differentiation in HL -60 human leukemia cell line. After being treated with acteoside, the growth curve was decreased remakably in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and cell doubling time was delayed. Exposure of cells to 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/m$\ell$ acteoside induced differentiation of HL-60 cells to monocyte/macrophage-like cells by cell surface antigen expression. The percentage of NBT reducing activity was increased in a time-dependent manner. In addition. the protein lever of p21 and p16 increased and ppRb decreased in western biot analysis. Theas results suggest that acleoside possess the activity of inducing differentiation in HL-60 cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1707-1713
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• 2013

Background: This study aimed to better understand the barriers to perinatal hepatitis B prevention and to identify the reasons for poor hepatitis B knowledge and delivery of education to hepatitis B surface-antigen-positive pregnant women among healthcare providers in Santa Clara County, California. Materials and Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 obstetricians and 17 perinatal nurses in Santa Clara County, California, which has one of the largest populations in the United States at high risk for perinatal hepatitis B transmission. Results: Most providers displayed a lack of self-efficacy attributed to insufficient hepatitis B training and education. They felt discouraged from counseling and educating their patients because of a lack of resources and discouraging patient attitudes such as stigma and apathy. Providers called for institutional changes from the government, hospitals, and nonprofit organizations to improve care for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Conclusions: Early and continuing provider training, increased public awareness, and development of comprehensive resources and new programs may contribute to reducing the barriers for health care professionals to provide counseling and education to pregnant patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.922-926
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• 2013

3,3',4,4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB77) is one of seven indicative polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the surface sediments. The current study presents a novel polyclonal antibody for the determination of the PCB77 using indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Under optimum conditions, PCB77 was determined within the concentration range of 0.01-100 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$, with a detection limit of 0.057 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$. The assays were tested for their cross-reactivity profiles using 3 selected congeners and 4 Aroclor products. The assays were highly specific for coplanar PCB congeners, but less specific for Aroclor1248. The spiked recoveries from five sediment samples were 86%-114% for PCB77 from ELISA, which were satisfactory. The current study demonstrated that the developed antiserum and immunoassay procedure can be used to detect PCB77 in environmental samples. The results of the sediment analysis were confirmed by conventional GC/ECD.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.2 s.38
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• pp.172-179
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• 1992

The author investigated the zinc concentrations in sera of 110 methamphetaimine abusers (male 87, female 23) and of 41 healthy official workers(male 29, female 12) using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. The serum zinc concentrations were analysed according to hepatitis C virus antibody(Anti HCV), hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) value in both groups. The analytical results were obtained as follows 1. The mean zinc concentration of MAP abuser group($298.5{\pm]246.9{\mu}g/100ml$) was 2.5 times higher than that of control group($118.8{\pm}25.4{\mu}g/100ml$). 2. The distributions of zinc concentration in both groups were skewed pattern. 3. The zinc concentrations were higher in Anti HCV-positive group and abnormal ALT value group than Anti HCV-negative group and normal ALT value group. But HBs-Ag positive group had lower zinc concentration than HBs-Ag negative group. 4. The number of anti HCV-positive subjects was increased and the zinc concentrations were decreasd in proportion to the abusing duration of MAP.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 1997

Most of the current licenced hepatitis B vaccines are being produced by recombinant DNA technology in large fermentation cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae of yeast cells which carry the gene coded for hepatitis B virus surface antigen. These vaccines are proved very effective clinically and the immunogenicity of vaccines could be maintained for a long time under refrigeration. To develope the stabilizer that could increase the stability of hepatitis B virus vaccine which could be stored for a long period at room temperature or higher conditions, glucose, lactose and sucrose solutions in phosphate buffered saline were added into hepatitis B vaccine respectively to make 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% final concentration in vaccines. These sugar-vaccine mixtures were stored at room temperature for one month, two months and three months respectively and then inoculated into ICR mice intramuscularly. On the fourteenth day after inoculation, mice were bled and sera were tested for the evaluation of efficacies of vaccines. The results showed that 5% glucose, 7.5% lactose and sucrose increased the stability of vaccines in some degree and this method could be applied for the production of other viral vaccines and bacterial vaccines.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.123-127
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• 2005

The polyclonal antibody was generated against the peptide fragment of 62 amino acid residues (D 181-T242) near the COOH-terminal region of the extracellular domain of epithelial-cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) and shown to be able to recognize Ep-CAM in competitive ELISA. Then, sulforhodamine 101 acid chloride (so called Texas red), a fluorescence dye, was conjugated to the affinity-purified anti-Ep-CAM antibody utilizing the reaction between the aliphatic amines of antibody and the sulfonyl chloride of Texas red. The molar ratio of Texas red to antibody was estimated to be approximately 1.86 by measuring optical densities at 280 nm and 596 nm, implying that the two molecules of Texas red at most were conjugated to antibody. The anti-Ep-CAM antibody-Texas red conjugate was then used for immunohistochemistry of CT-26 murine colon carcinoma cells. Based upon the fluorescence microscope images, anti-Ep-CAM antibody is able to deliver Texas red specifically to the surface of CT-26 cells on which Ep-CAM was actively expressed. This result indicates that anti-Ep-CAM antibody could be useful for the tissue-specific delivery of photosensitizers via antigen-antibody interaction.

• BMB Reports
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 1998

Foreign proteins, $endo-{\beta}-1,4-glucanase$ of Bacillus subtilis, preS1+S2 region of hepatitis B virus large surface antigen, human ${\beta}_2-adrenergic$ receptor ($h{\beta}_{2}AR$), and bovine growth hormone (bGH) were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and secreted into the medium. These proteins were expressed using the alcohol dehydrogenase I (ADH1) promoter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and secreted by signal sequence of the 97 K killer toxin gene of doublestranded linear DNA plasmid (pGKL1) of S. cerevisiae. All these proteins underwent severe modifications; in particular, N-glycosylation in the case of $endo-{\beta}-1,4-glucanase$, $h{\beta}_2AR$, and preS1+S2. Seventy four percent of the expressed $endo-{\beta}-1,4-glucanase$ was secreted into the culture medium. Highly modified proteins were detected in the culture medium and in the cell. Expressed $h{\beta}_2AR$, which has seven transmembrane domains, remained in the cell. The degrees of secretion and modification and the states of proteins in the culture medium and in the cell were quite different. These results indicated that the nature of the protein has a critical role in its secretion and modifications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.419-419
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• 2014

Interdigitated nanogap device (IND) is an attractive tool for biomolecular detection due to its huge on-off signal ratio, great tolerance to the variation in biochemical environment, and relatively simple implementation processes. Here, we report on the IND-based detection of Influneza A virus by sandwich immunoassay. The INEs were fabricated by photo lithography followed by the in-house chemical lithographic technique for the narrowing the initial gap distance. The surface of the silicon oxide between the two gold electrodes was chemically modified to immobilize primary antibodies for the immuno-specific interaction with the influenza A virus antigen. After immersing the functionalized-IND into the sample solution containing the influenza A virus, the device was exposed to the secondary antibody conjugated Au nanoparticles (Au NPs). The INDs showed a huge jump in the electric conductance when the sample solution contained the influenza A virus of the concentration as low as 10 ng/mL. We hope that this IND-based sensing can be applied to the development of simple and reliable diagnostic means of influenza viruses.