• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

Using a 5 year(2003 to 2007) pavement condition survey data from the highway pavement management system(HPMS), the roughness of the bridge deck pavement was analyzed. Based on the result of this analysis, this study tried to identify the factors affecting the deterioration of the bridge deck pavement condition. The data from HPMS indicates that the roughness of the bridge deck pavement is worse than that of the general pavement on the roadbed. The worse roughness of the bridge deck pavement is caused by the settlement of approach slab as well as the surface distress on the bridge deck pavement. In order to improve effectively the roughness of the bridge deck pavement, a management system was established in which not only the regular automated pavement condition survey to check the distress of surface of the bridge deck pavement was adopted but an automated surface profiler to check the degree of settlement of approach slab was applied.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Modeling and simulation techniques construct experimental environment considering battlefields and are able to analyze performance of components of weapon system that closely resemble reality. However, developed model has low scalability and not cared reusability because it has been used only in a limited range of domain. In this paper, we develop a verification tool to verify reusability of developed component for dynamic reconfiguration and to judge scalability of it and a management tool to control data of it effectively. In addition, dynamic reconfiguration architecture of guided weapon systems designed in the previous study has been applied to SAM(Surface to Air Missile) System Simulator, and we study effectiveness of the developed component. Thus the user can configure various guided weapon systems through simulation application of dynamic reconfiguration architecture of component.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2010

The European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) was transposed into Irish law by Statutory Instrument Nos. 722 of 2003, 413 of 2005 and 218 of 2009, which set out a new strategy and process to protect and enhance Ireland's water resources and water-dependent ecosystems. The Directive requires a novel, holistic, integrated, and iterative process to address Ireland's natural waters based on a series of six-year planning cycles. Key success factors in implementing the Directive include an in-depth and balanced treatment of the ecological, economic, institutional and cultural aspects of river basin management planning. Introducing this visionary discipline for the management of sustainable water resources requires a solemn commitment to a new mindset and an overarching monitoring and management regime which hitherto has never been attempted in Ireland. The WFD must be implemented in conjunction with a myriad of complimentary directives and associated legislation, addressing such key related topics as flood/drought management, biodiversity protection, land use planning, and water/wastewater and diffuse pollution engineering and regulation. The critical steps identified for river basin management planning under the WFD include: 1) characterization and classification of water bodies (i.e., how healthy are Irish waters?), 2) definition of significant water pressures (e.g., agriculture, forestry, septic tanks), 3) enhancement of measures for designated protected areas, 4) establishment of objectives for all surface and ground waters, and 5) integrating these critical steps into a comprehensive and coherent river basin management plan and associated programme of measures. A parallel WFD implementation programme critically depends on an effective environmental management system (EMS) approach with a plan-do-check-act cycle applied to each of the evolving six-year plans. The proactive involvement of stakeholders and the general public is a key element of this EMS approach.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2006

Recently, as a part of NGIS project, cultural-assets digital map is produced by cultural properties administration and local autonomous entities. Cultural-assets unified GIS(Geographic Information System) is essential to cultural properties managers and other organizations which are executing land related business for appling it at planning stage. With explosive national land developments, it has been obligated to implement surface survey by the cultural properties protection Art. In this paper, we develope a MSSS(Mobile Surface Survey System) and central GIS management system using CDMA wireless network, real time DGPS and C/S GIS technologies. And we suggest a construction-plan of cultural-assets digital map drawing and managing system by Archaeologist using developed system by this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.628-638
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• 2023

Maritime Autonomous Surface ships(MASS) are gradually gaining importance. Until fully autonomous ships are developed, they will likely be controlled by remote operators who are based in a Remote Operations Center. However, there is currently no internationally or domestically established licensing for them. This issue can potentially pose a risk to navigation safety due to operations being handled by unqualified remote operators. We conducted a literature review and proposed criteria for the adoption of a licensing system for remote operators. We have futher offered alternatives to integrate this license into the existing officer licensing system, and analyzed them using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Subsequently,, theprimary need to enact legislation for remote operators is observed. The most preferred approach is to include the occupation of a remote operator in the Ship Officer Act, Article 4: Occupational Categories and Class of Licenses. Therefore, it would be logical for the organizational structure of the Remote Operation Center to mirror the traditional Bridge Resource Management. This study will contribute to the efficient training of remote operators and the safe navigation of autonomous ships with a focus on human resource management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.686-693
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• 2014

This study presents a model that enables to predict road surface temperature using neural network theory. Historical road surface temperature data were collected from Road Weather Information System. They used for the calibration of the model. The neural network was designed to predict surface temperature after 1-hour, 2-hour, and 3-hour from now. The developed model was performed on Cheongwon-Sangju highway to test. As a result, the standard deviation of the difference of the predicted and observed was $1.27^{\circ}C$, $0.55^{\circ}C$ and $1.43^{\circ}C$, respectively. Also, comparing the predicted surface temperature and the actual data, R2 was found to be 0.985, 0.923, and 0.903, respectively. It can be concluded that the explanatory power of the model seems to be high.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.3040-3052
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• 2000

For effective construction of second-order response surface models, an efficient quad ratic approximation method is proposed in the context of trust region model management strategy. In the proposed method, although only the linear and quadratic terms are uniquely determined using 2n+1 design points, the two-factor interaction terms are mathematically updated by normalized quasi-Newton formula. In order to show the numerical performance of the proposed approximation method, a sequential approximate optimizer is developed and solves a typical unconstrained optimization problem having 2, 6, 10, 15, 30 and 50 design variables, a gear reducer system design problem and two dynamic response optimization problems with multiple objectives, five objectives for one and two objectives for the other. Finally, their optimization results are compared with those of the CCD or the 50% over-determined D-optimal design combined with the same trust region sequential approximate optimizer. These comparisons show that the proposed method gives more efficient than others.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.2394-2401
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• 2020

Octadecylamine is an effective film-forming amine that protects carbon steel from corrosion. In the present study, the effect of octadecylamine concentration on adsorption on a carbon steel surface was investigated in anaerobic alkaline solution by using SEM/EDS, TEM and the Materials Studio simulation techniques. TEM morphology observation and EDS elemental detection determine the thicknesses of octadecylamine film on a carbon steel surface, which are confirmed by the in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement and resistance calculation. The Materials Studio simulation reveals the number of octadecylamine film layers at different concentrations. Results obtained in this study indicate that adsorption of octadecylamine film on carbon steel proceeds with the multi-layer adsorption mechanism.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.50-55
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• 2021

Solar power generation, which is one of the methods of using solar energy, has a high possibility of practical implementation compared to other renewable energy power generation, and it has the characteristic that it can generate as much power as needed in necessary places. In addition, maintenance is easy, unmanned operation is possible, and power management can be performed more efficiently if operated in a hybrid method with existing electric energy. Therefore, in this study, numerical analysis using a computer program was performed to analyze the efficient operation and performance improvement of solar energy of the rotating condensing type solar LED street lamp. As a result, the two-axis tracking type could obtain 15.23 % more electricity per year than the fixed type, and additional auxiliary power generation was required for the fixed type by 19 % per year than the tracking type. As a result of computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulation for PV module surface temperature prediction, the The surface temperature of the Photovoltaics(PV) module incident surface was predicted to be about 10℃ higher than that of the fixed type.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.1412-1420
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• 2018

An experiment was performed using the large-scale test facility (LSTF), which simulated a 1% vessel upper head small-break loss-of-coolant accident with an accident management (AM) measure under an assumption of total-failure of high-pressure injection (HPI) system in a pressurized water reactor (PWR). In the LSTF test, liquid level in the upper head affected break flow rate. Coolant was manually injected from the HPI system into cold legs as the AM measure when the maximum core exit temperature reached 623 K. The cladding surface temperature largely increased due to late and slow response of the core exit thermocouples. The AM measure was confirmed to be effective for the core cooling. The RELAP5/MOD3.3 code indicated insufficient prediction of primary coolant distribution. The author conducted uncertainty analysis for the LSTF test employing created phenomena identification and ranking table for each component. The author clarified that peak cladding temperature was largely dependent on the combination of multiple uncertain parameters within the defined uncertain ranges.