• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.41-56
• /
• 1991

The aim of this research is designing road lighting installations(arrangement, mounting height spacing and overhang) which produce a certain level and distribution of luminance together with minimal glare. These can be varied over a limited range for a given luminance and road surface to achieve the required installation performance. In Korea there are no code of practice which lays down recommended performance criteria (Lavg, Uo, Ul, G, TI) with practical design guidance on how to achieve them. In case study design rules and current installation of road lighting in daegu city are analysed. The core of research are suggesting a new performance criteria and providing a set of table giving the maximum lognitudinal spacing between successive luminaires. The result of this research prescribes the combination of height and spacing for various road widths and arrangements which will achieve a specified minimum performance on straigt roads for particular luminaire and a particular road surf-ace.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• no.15
• /
• pp.3-16
• /
• 1998

Fashion specialty store is based on one theme called "Fashion", to pursue originality of facilities in one concept from merchandising, environmental planning and facilities management and satisfy consumer's urge quantitatively as well as qualitative]y also congreqation of characteristic space, distingtion from commor store, not only selling goods but also jointly owned funtiona] space such as information and culture. So this research. with the importance of image. to present the basic information of interior design, study on the analyzing the type of image and the factor of composition focused on the complex fashion specialty store in own brand. Ana]yzing thr type of image with preliminary research and the first and second questionnair, with this make a comparision between the factor of composition and image. The conclusion was summertized as follows : '||'&'||'#8226; Firstly, the interior image of complex fashion specialty store in own brand divided into ;) different images, Such as :VIodern, Semi Classic. Hi-Tech Ylodern, Natural. and casual image '||'&'||'#8226; Secondly, according to the factor of composition is as follows, Such as Architecture, Surface. Furniture, Lighting and Display, the factor of composition is as follows : Architectura] factor divided into vertical. horizental. flexibility and exterior, Surface : material. and main color, Furniture : form and material. Lighting : lighting fixture and genera] lighting system, and Display: window and interior display . '||'&'||'#8226; Third]y, make a comparision of image. simple and feminine with Hi-Tech, Semi-Classic toward natural. complicated, feminine. and Low-Tech, Hi Tech ~.Iodern image, toward modem. natural. simple feel and somehow feminine. Natrual image, toward modem. natura], simple, and Hi Tech, Casual image toward modm, simple, and Hi Tech. '||'&'||'#8226; Fourthly, with builaing up new space, alteration infashion specialty store focused on the customers seiling space with rest and resources, also huge character is found in fashion specialty store

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2002

3D computer applications provide various functions such as modeling, rendering, animation, lighting and so on. Lighting is the core element in that light visualizes shape and develops characteristics of surface. In spatial design, light is the most important factor in deciding color, texture and illumination level which are the basic factors of spatial design. The purpose of this study is to define the characteristics of lighting in digital space provided by the computer, based on the fact that physical space cannot be separated from digital space, and to show how light in the physical realm relates to computer graphics technologies. This study shows there are following characteristics of light in digital space; iconic light, modifiable surface, shadowless light, 2-dimensional perception, and the particulate aspect of light but not the wave aspect of light. Light in physical or digital space is capable of producing a visual sensation. The experimental space can be realized due to the lack of physics. Further study in new illumination procedures are required as computer media expands.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2017

Purpose: Various studies on a light shelf are in progress, but it has the problem of glare occurrence. The present study suggested a diffusion film as the method for resolving the glare problem, and aimed to establish light shelf-related basic data by conducting the performance evaluation of a light shelf depending on the installation position of the diffusion film. Method: To carry out the light shelf performance evaluation depending on the diffusion film installation position, three cases were established: no diffusion film installation (Case 1), diffusion film installation on the reflector (Case 2), and diffusion film installation on the upper glass surface of the window for light shelf installation (Case 3); and the energy reduction performance, luminance, and luminance contrast were analyzed based on a testbed. Result: The conclusions of this study are as follows. 1) When the diffusion film was applied, the amount of light introduced through the light shelf decreased, and the average indoor illumination decreased accordingly. 2) For Case 3, the lighting energy reduction performance was identical to the lighting energy reduction efficiency of the existing light shelf; and for Case 2, it was found to be inappropriate as the lighting energy consumption increased compared to that of the existing light shelf. 3) The analysis of the glare for the cases established in this study showed that the luminance contrast was low for Case 3, and thus the glare problem could be minimized. 4) The specific angle of the light shelf could induce the glare problem by increasing the luminance depending on the external condition. 5) Based on the aforementioned contents, the installation position of the diffusion film for improving the lighting performance and glare problem of the light shelf was found to be the upper glass surface of the window for light shelf installation.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.314-318
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a measurement system for determining photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) distribution and illumination efficiency of LED lamps. Methods: The system was composed of a linear moving sensor part (LMSP), a rotating part to turn the LMSP, a body assembly to support the rotating part, and a motor controller. The average PPF of the LED lamp with natural cooling and water cooling was evaluated using the measurement system. Results: The PPF of LED lamp with water cooling was 3.1-31.7% greater than that with natural cooling. Based on the measured value, PPF on the horizontal surface was predicted. Illumination efficiency of the LED lamp was slightly increased with water cooling by 3.4%, compared with natural cooling. A simulation program using MATLAB was developed to analyze the effects of the vertical distance from lighting sources to growing bed, lamp spacing, and number of LED lamps, on the PPF distribution on the horizontal surface. The uniformity of the PPF distribution of the LED lamps was fairly improved with 15 cm spacing, as compared to the 5 cm spacing. By simulation, PPF of $217.0{\pm}27.9{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ was obtained at the vertical distance of 40 cm from six LED lamps with 12 cm spacing. This simulated PPF was compared to the measured one of $225.9{\pm}25.6{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. After continuous lighting of 346 days, the relative PPF of LED lamps with water cooling and natural cooling was decreased by 6.6% and 22.8%, respectively. Conclusions: From these results, it was concluded that the measurement system developed in this study was useful for determining PPF and illumination efficiency of artificial lighting sources including LED lamp.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.21 no.10
• /
• pp.982-987
• /
• 2015

The inspection machine in SMT (Surface Mount Technology) line detects the assembly defects such as missing, misalignment, loosing, or tombstone. We propose a new method to classify the defect types of chip components by processing the image of PCB. Two original images are obtained from horizontal lighting and vertical lighting. The image of the component is divided into two soldering regions and one packaging region. The features are extracted by appling the PCA (Principle Component Analysis) to each region. The MLP (Multilayer Perceptron) and SVM (Support Vector Machine) are then used to classify the defect types by learning. The experimental results are presented to show the usefulness of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.14-23
• /
• 2009

The actual conditions of school illumination was investigated. The illumination state was classified by the number of installed luminaires per 1 classroom. The illuminance was measured and analyzed. The work surface illuminance was up to the standard, but the illuminance on blackboard was below standard when there was no local lighting. As a result of conducting a simulation based on the measurement of the reflection factors of the classroom finishing materials and lamp replacement and lamp cleaning, nine luminaires for general lighting and local lighting for the blackboard were required, and a design considering illumination maintenance was called for.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.497-504
• /
• 2013

This research uses numerical analysis to examine the tunnel portal landscape affecting the brightness level of interior lighting when designing lights for road tunnels through the L20 method. In order to extract the brightness recognition per form of a tunnel entrance and to evaluate the effects of the characteristics of the materials of facilities near a tunnel portal, brightness analysis was conducted by filming brightness on a video photometer called Hi-land Elf System, and a surface brightness photometer called LMK Mobile Advanced. Tunnels in Korea are mostly distributed in mountain areas; thus, the ratio occupied by the sky, which has the highest brightness within the angle of L20, is close to zero, while most of the ratio was occupied by brightness by the area near the tunnel entrance or road surface. However, for a tunnel portal retaing wall, which allows the width of a tunnel entrance to seem wider within the L20 angle, appeared to be have higher brightness compared to nearby areas or the surface, which is an element increasing the tunnel portal brightness within the tunnel, and the road facilities near the tunnel portal appeared to have an effect on the brightness as well. Thus, when designing tunnel lights based on brightness, the form of the tunnel entrance and the area width, material, and color of areas near the tunnel portal appeared to affect outside brightness and become an element affecting the establishment of the brightness level of the interior lights of tunnels. Consequently, reviewing such matters is a prerequisite when designing tunnel portal landscape.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 2017

In this paper, a freeform reflector is designed for low road lighting. In the case of low road lighting, which requires light distribution over a wide lane compared to the height, it is difficult to match uniformity, compared to existing road lighting. To satisfy road lighting grade M3, the reflector was divided into nine parts, and the inclination of the reflecting surface was changed to have the desired light distribution. The fitted curves were drawn based on each point, following the formula that was derived. Through the Street Light Simulation of LightTools, we confirmed that it meets the M3 road lighting standard; we then made it directly and satisfied the lighting grade on an actual road, proving the validity of the design result.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.183-190
• /
• 2020

In this paper, the illuminating optics of asymmetric light distribution was studied, which allowed the light distribution to be uniform even for short-range irradiation on a wide illumination area. In the case of a light installed at a short distance, the light is not diffused enough because of the short irradiation distance. For this reason, it is difficult to satisfy uniformity of illumination. In addition, lighting design for asymmetric distribution is required because the lighting device is installed tilted, for visibility. Therefore, the design of lighting systems with asymmetric light distribution could achieve uniform illumination of the target surface even under short-distance irradiation. This was then applied to the license lamp, a lighting system featuring short light irradiation distance, to confirm that it satisfies the legal standards.