• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.5-25
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• 2008

This paper analysed the impact of return policy as a coordination mechanism for decentralized supply chain with one capacitated supplier and two competing retailers under random demand distribution. In this study, Shortage gaming also considered to reflect a competing environment of two retailers. System dynamics approach was used to model the baseline two echelon supply chain and return policy on it. Given each of 4 experiment settings being used for 100 simulations with different random seeds, 400 random samples were used in a t-test. The result show that return policy significantly enhance the supply chain profits and fillrates. The analysis suggest that the supply chain performance can be build up by implementing a return policy even though under consideration of a capacitated supplier and competing retailers.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.204-222
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• 2000

Supply Chain Management is a process-oriented concept, integrated approach to procuring, producing, and delivering products and services to customers. Supply Chain Management covers the management of material, information, and funds flows. A strategic supply chain management produces for value maker and the ultimate customer. One aim of this paper is to determine the effect of contract parameters on the quality of the end product of the supplier-producer chain. The supply chain management is viewed as a single entity rather fragmented. This research constructed model the relationship of supply chain management to quality management. The questionnaire were tested with survey of supplier's employee and the result were analyzed using SEM(Structural Equation Model). As a result, Quality performance positively depends on the communication, coordination, and process management between the supplier and the producer.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.346-352
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• 2009

The eventual goal of this paper is to help the generating companies and load-serving entities to choose appropriate relative levels of interconnected system versus bilateral trades while considering risk, and economic performance. In competitive power markets, electricity prices are determined by balance between demand and supply in electric power exchanges or bilateral contracts. The problem formulation is bilateral contract incorporated into Multi-area unit commitment with import/export and tie-line constraints. This proposed method considers maximizing own profit or minimize the operating cost among the generating companies in multi-area system. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm has been demonstrated using IEEE system with four areas and experimental results shows that proposed method is reliable, fast and computationally efficient

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.151-157
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• 2013

Since the sub-prime mortgage crisis from the US in 2008, the Korean housing market has plummeted. However, the deposit prices of the Korean local lease contract, Chonsei, had been increasing. This increase of Chonsei prices can be a threat to low-income people, most of whom prefer to live in houses with a Chonsei contract. In the housing and Chonsei market, there are many stakeholders with their own interest, hence, simple thoughts about housing and Chonsei market, such as more house supply, will decrease house price, would not work in a real complex housing market. In this research, we suggests system dynamics conceptual model which consists of causal-loop-diagrams for the Chonsei market as well as the housing market. In conclusion, the Chonsei price has its own homeostasis characteristics and different price behavior with housing price in the short and long term period. We found that unless government does not have a structural causation mind in implementing policies in the real estate market, the government may not attain their intended effectiveness on both markets.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.537-545
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• 1999

This study examines three counterplans for the improvement in price structure of Korean multi-regional water supply system. First, price differentiation between industrial and residential water uses is analyzed using several pricing methods. It has been estimated that the industrial water price by the Ramsey pricing method is needed to be two to two and half times higher than the price of residential water to achieve maximum social welfare. Second, peak-load pricing is then studied to seek for the effectiveness of seasonal differentiation in water price. It has been found that consideration of dam facilities and their functions is the key factor for the effectiveness of the seasonal differentiation in water price. Finally, the discussion about the introduction of contract pricing system to the multi regional water supply system to achieve optimal investment plan for the future water demand is presented. We has found that the introduction of contract pricing system will greatly increase the efficiency in future investment plan of the multi-regional water supply system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.111-120
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• 2007

In this study, we consider the mechanism or the contract to mitigate inefficiency of individual and partial optimization in decentralized supply chain, which consist of a manufacturer and a retailer and In which the latter can increase demands by practicing her own promotional efforts. In that supply chain, we show to be able to achieve profit level in centralized channel by manufacturer's 'allowance' to retailer.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.89-101
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to show that consignments can enable supply chain collaboration, based on the review of selected studies, and aims to investigate its potential to be a better collaboration program, through an analytical comparison with other collaboration initiatives. Research design, data, and methodology - This study uses a literature review on selected studies that researched consignments. In addition, based on the proposed framework, the current consignment process and other well-known collaboration programs are analyzed in terms of three key collaboration aspects. Results - Most studies employ simple research in terms of their purpose and methodology. An analysis with the proposed framework indicates the potential of consignments to foster supply chain collaboration. Conclusions - Based on the literature review, this study suggests that future research needs to aim for diverse research goals and conduct sophisticated research on consignments. An analysis with the proposed framework shows that consignments would be more effective for supply chain collaboration if active information sharing and joint decision-making are implemented.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.117-139
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• 2007

This paper contributes by incorporating works addressing supply chain coordination and investing in setup reduction program. Consider a two-echelon, EOQ-like inventory system consisting of a supplier and a buyer. We assume that both the supplier and the buyer can invest in setup cost reduction programs in order to benefit from small order sizes. However, the costs of investing in setup cost reduction programs are different for the two parties, leading to mismatches in individually optimal setup costs and order cycle times. We propose a supply chain coordination contract that makes use of quantity discount as an incentive transfer scheme for supply chain coordination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.1038-1043
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• 2021

Guaranteed seafarer wage payment is essential to ensure a stable supply of seafarers. However, disputes over non-payment of wages to seafarers often occur. In this study, an automatic wage payment system was designed using a blockchain-based smart contract to resolve the problem of seafarers' wage arrears. The designed system consists of an information register, a matching processing unit, a review rating management unit, and wage remittance before deploying smart contracts. The matching process was designed to send an automatic notification to seafarers and shipowners if the sum of the weight of the four variables, namely wages, ship type/fishery, position, and license, exceeded a pre-defined threshold. In addition, a review rating management system, based on a combination of mean and median, was presented to serve as a medium to mutually fulfill the normal working conditions. The smart contract automatically fulfills the labor contract between the parties without an intermediary. This system will naturally resolve problems such as fraudulent advance payment to seafarers, embezzlement by unregistered employment agencies, overdue wages, and forgery of seafarers' books. If this system design is commercialized and institutionally activated, it is expected that stable wages will be guaranteed to seafarers, and in turn, the difficulties in human resources supply will be solved. We plan to test it in a local environment for further developing this system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.122-124
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• 2003

In recent, the various electric & electronic machines are newly developed everyday and the electricity supply system & environment on the process from generation to consumption of electricity also is being changed. In other words, both supplier and consumer of electricity are required to be responsible for their interruption costs. So, it is very important and meaningful work for evaluating the interruption costs in quantitative. Additionally, since the restructuring of electric industry is on going in world wide, after restructuring, most of all electric utilities and consumer have to consider the supply reliability and quality as a important element of the calculating the related costs and contract because it takes costs to keep the supply reliability and quality highly. Especially, the interruption or the supply reliability will have influence on the bilateral contract between supplier and customer as a key point to determine the once in competitive electric market. Therefore, it has very important moaning to calculate the interruption costs in the present that it is prepared to open the competitive electric market. In this paper, international standards, i.e. IEC, IEEE, are applied to the analysis on the interruption costs used in the questionnaires which are newly designed including short duration interruption by the authors instead of traditional interruption criteria. Firstly, using the questionnaires, the authors got related data from industries according to the standard industry classification which are being used in electric utility and other national statistics in Korea. However, analysis results are hard to say typical value because of the not so many samples. So, the authors are going to survey and focus on not all kinds of industry but a few kinds of them that their facilities are effected or stop by short duration interruptions, so there are large economical damages. Finally, the authors hope to find the reliable and meaningful model in interruption costs of industrial customer.