• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.218-226
• /
• 2019

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is the key to operate a change from the traditional manual reading of water meters and sensors to an automated system where high frequency data is remotely collected and analyzed in real time, one of the main components of a Smart Water Grid. The recent boom of ICT offers a wide range of both wired and wireless technologies to achieve this objective. We review and present in this article the most widely recognized technologies and protocols along with their respective advantages, drawbacks and applicability range which can be Home Area Network (HAN), Building Area Network (BAN) or Local/Neighborhood Area Network (LAN/NAN). We also present our findings and we give recommendations on the application of ICT in Smart Water Grids and future work needed.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.453-476
• /
• 2013

DuraMote is a remote sensing system developed for the "NIST TIP project: next generation SCADA for prevention and mitigation of water system infrastructure disaster". It is designed for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) of ruptures in water pipes. Micro-electro mechanical (MEMS) accelerometers, which record the vibration of the pipe wall, are used detect the ruptures. However, the performance of Duramote cannot be verified directly on a water distribution system because it lacks an acceptable recordable level of ambient vibration. Instead, a long-span cable-stayed bridge is an ideal test-bed to validate the accuracy, the reliability, and the robustness of DuraMote because the bridge has an acceptable level of ambient vibration. The acceleration data recorded on the bridge were used to identify the modal properties of the structure and to verify the performance of DuraMote. During the test period, the bridge was subjected to heavy rain, wind, and a typhoon but the system demonstrates its robustness and durability.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2000.07a
• /
• pp.122-124
• /
• 2000

As the complexity of power systems increases, especially in the case of multiple faults or incorrect operation of protective devices, fault diagnosis requires new and systematic methods to the reasoning process, which improves both its accuracy and its efficiency. Therefore this paper proposes a method of the modeling of protection systems and fault diagnosis in power systems using Fuzzy Petri Nets (FPN). The proposed method can reduce processing time and increase accuracy when compared with the traditional methods. And also this method can cover online processing of real-time data from SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition).

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2012.04a
• /
• pp.989-992
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 안전한 공장 원격제어를 위한 시스템 프레임 워크를 제안한다. 공장기계와 IT의 융합으로 기술 발전함에 따라 공장 제어 시스템을 공장내부에서는 무선 제어시스템, 공장 외부에서는 원격 시스템의 필요성이 대두되어 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 기존의 공장 자동화 시스템 SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)는 생산 공정 및 플랜트의 상태를 감시하고 제어하기 위한 목적으로 개발되었지만 원격제어 관련 내용이 부족하다. 공장 내부 보안을 위한 표준으로 ISA99 Security Standards에서도 통합 공정 제어 Zone & Conduits 방식 제시 공장의 각 영역을 Zone으로 나누고 허가된 사용자만 Conduit를 통해 다른 Zone의 노드와 통신을 하는 방식을 제안하였다. 하지만, 전체적인 프레임워크는 정의를 하고 있으나 외부 원격 제어 내용 부족하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 스마트폰을 활용한 공장 외부에서의 안전한 원격 제어를 제공하는 통합관제시스템 프레임워크 구조를 제시하여 향후 관련 기술에 대한 기준점을 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• summer
• /
• pp.85-87
• /
• 2004

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems are essential parts of power system which employ a wide range of computers and communication technologies. The traditional SCADA system is mainly for information exchange in only one company, and the information is provided only to the operator or administrator. But in the deregulated environment, we need much more information, which can be exchanged among different companies. With the rapid development of internet, we can use it to access information easily. This paper proposes web technologies to be applied in power system in order to display some important information through accessing data from database, and to realize the real time control of the substation. The functions of SCADA system will be implemented by a set of Web-based components. The monitoring and control of standard 154[kV] substation model is already realized in the laboratory test. The Web-based SCADA system is able to provide sufficient information and control for pow or system through an efficient and economical way.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study is to review the ISO(the International Organization for Standardization) standards recommendations on a human error tolerant control room design. Background: ISO TC(Technical Committee) 159 published a variety of international standards on design of mental and physical work, design of displays and controls, and workstation layout design. A proper edition of these standards can be a good resource for a human error tolerant control center design guidelines. Method: Recommendations of ISO TC 159 standards were grouped into arrangement of control suite, layout of control room, layout and dimensions of workstations, design of displays and controls, environmental design, alarm, automation, management system design, procedure and training. Results: It was found that some standards on the design of supervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA), alarm, automation, layout, workload management, and environment can be used for human error prevention guidelines in the control center design. Conclusion: ISO TC 159 standards were not sufficient to cover all the ergonomics area of control center design. Application: Designers can have technical aids from these ISO standards to improve ergonomic performance of their control center.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.5 no.6
• /
• pp.753-763
• /
• 1999

The existing SCADA(Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system software is usually developed to suitable for the specific hardware platforms. However, as per rapid improvement of computer performance and development of network technology, it is required to support scalability and inter-operability in existing different SCADA systems. In order to meet such requirements, in this paper, we propose a new type of SCADA testbed using Java for electric distribution applications. The system consists of three modules; development support tools, client and server modules. The basic architecture of the proposed SCADA system is similar to existing one, however, we improve the function of MTU and MMI interface to facilitate LAN and WAN environment. Also, the proposed system can deals with alarm and history data by using heterogeneous DBMS. Since the system is built in Java environment, the development cost is cheap and it can support sacalability and portability. Our experience can be utilized to develop next generation of small and medium size of SCADA system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.995-1001
• /
• 2020

With the development of digital instrumentation and control (I&C) devices, cyber security at nuclear power plants (NPPs) has become a hot issue. The Stuxnet, which destroyed Iran's uranium enrichment facility in 2010, suggests that NPPs could even lead to an accident involving the release of radioactive materials cyber-attacks. However, cyber security research on industrial control systems (ICSs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems is relatively inadequate compared to information technology (IT) and further it is difficult to study cyber-attack taxonomy for NPPs considering the characteristics of ICSs. The advanced research of cyber-attack taxonomy does not reflect the architectural and inherent characteristics of NPPs and lacks a systematic countermeasure strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to more systematically check the consistency of operators and regulators related to cyber security, as in regulatory guide 5.71 (RG.5.71) and regulatory standard 015 (RS.015). For this reason, this paper attempts to suggest a template for cyber-attack taxonomy based on the characteristics of NPPs and exemplifies a specific cyber-attack case in the template. In addition, this paper proposes a systematic countermeasure strategy by matching the countermeasure with critical digital assets (CDAs). The cyber-attack cases investigated using the proposed cyber-attack taxonomy can be used as data for evaluation and validation of cyber security conformance for digital devices to be applied, and as effective prevention and mitigation for cyber-attacks of NPPs.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.60 no.2
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 2011

Quantities of data in the DMS (Distribution management system) or SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) system is enormously large as illustrated by the usage of term flooding of data. This enormous quantity of data is transmitted to the status data or event data of the on-site apparatus in real-time. In addition, if GIS (Geographic information system) and AMR (Automatic meter reading), etc are integrated, the quantity of data to be processed in real-time increases unimaginably. Increase in the quantity of data due to addition of system or increase in the on-site facilities cannot be handled through the currently used Single Thread format of data processing technology. However, if Multi Thread technology that utilizes LF-POOL (Leader Follower -POOL) is applied in processing large quantity of data, large quantity of data can be processed in short period of time and the load on the server can be minimized. In this Study, the actual materialization and functions of LF POOL technology are examined.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.511-531
• /
• 2013

Recent advances in low-cost remote monitoring systems have made it possible and practical to perform structural health monitoring (SHM) on a large scale. However, it is difficult for a single remote monitoring system to cover a wide range of SHM applications due to the amount of specialization required. For the remote monitoring system to be flexible, sustainable, and robust, this article introduces a new cost-effective, advanced remote monitoring and inspection system named DuraMote that can serve as a next generation supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system for civil infrastructure systems. To evaluate the performance of DuraMote, we conduct experiments at two representative counterpart sites: a bridge and water pipelines. The objectives of this article are to improve upon the existing SCADA by integrating the remote monitoring system (i.e., DuraMote), to describe a prototype SCADA for civil engineering structures, and to validate its effectiveness with long-term field deployment results.