• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.151-166
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• 2013

In order to create a national myth and be able to control international society, America with her short national history, used popular culture to accomplish these goals. The medium fit this purpose the best was the use of superhero characters based on comics. Born and developed from the 1930s through the 1960s, which could be seen as America's national crisis era, superhero characters were thorough advocates of American justice and was perfect for the role of spreading the legitimacy of American ideology. From the 1970s, superhero characters became part of movies and became even more influential through the Hollywood's massive film industry and the box office success. American ideology in superhero characters symbolically appeared in movie costumes. Starting with Superman and Batman, the very first and typical superhero characters' costumes work as metaphors for realization of American justice. After the 1980s, superheroes were newly developed through a genre called graphic novel and the most representative piece of this genre is Alan Moore's Watchmen. In the Watchmen, which was also turn into a movie in 2009, six changed superhero characters appear ranging from a non-human superhero, villain superhero, superhero with mental disorder and superhero with sexual impotency, the characters were never-seen-before superheroes with different aspects that connote introspection and philosophical ideology. The changed type of heroes and ideology became another form of heroes, and this brought changes to character costumes that were never considered before. The superhero costumes that used to symbolize America now express different types of superhero by borrowing exotic mythical elements, undressing, pastiche and daily life clothes. The superhero characters and their changes in costumes from Watchmen imply American popular culture's introspective tendency. Amongst these changes, we need to raise our critical vision towards popular culture.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.132-139
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• 2013

This research considered the aesthetic factors of the Korean style superhero film through the analysis of text of . Basically, the various elements including the structure of the story, characters, mise en scene, and etc. are included in the aesthetic factors. Therefore, in this research, the organization of other aesthetic elements and characteristics including the characters and mise en scene, and etc. were analyze based upon the first analysis about the structure of . And the theoretical backgrounds for the research were 'The Poetics' of Aristotle. The reason why this movie selects the movie as the research text specially was that had the plot and genre style compared with the existing Hollywood superhero film. Consequently, the research could find the communities and differences for the aesthetic features between Hollywood superhero film and .

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.91-96
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• 2020

Superhero movies are an important part of the Hollywood film industry. The Superman series is the most important of them, bringing high box office receipts and profits of surrounding goods to the Hollywood film industry. The Superman series of live-action movies is an adaptation and secondary creation of superhero comics. With the development of the times, the narrative content, narrative form and aesthetic design of the Superman series have changed with the times. The film "Superman: The Body of Steel" is the latest in the series, and it is also the re-launch of the Superman series of movies after seven years. The film has innovated and subverted the story and aesthetic design of the previous film.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.407-414
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• 2016

The movie, X-men, develops the narrative with metamorphosis as the main motif making visual effects of characters and background. The objective of this study is to suggest that the metamorphosis motif can be materialized based on the virtuality of "pataphysics" as one of the genre characteristics of superhero movies and the newly materialized virtuality can be aesthetic characteristics of metamorphosis motif movies. With the virtuality that has its own characteristics with metaphorical symbols such as satire on an absurd society out of existing traditions, pataphysics started in mid-twentieth century and has had an impact on art movements of dadaism, surrealism, pop art, and postmodernism. Analyzing the characteristics of pataphysics which were shown in these artworks, we applied it to metamorphosis scenes of the movie. As a result, we found out that it visualized the shape and aspect of inner and outer strength of a superhero with aesthetic characteristics of metamorphosis scenes and it realized the presence, hybridity, and ex-formal properties of pataphysics consisting of overlapped virtual and physical reality, with technical virtuality.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.81-82
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• 2013

주로 만화를 기반으로 하는 할리우드 슈퍼히어로 영화는 이미지 위주의 인물서사에 의존하는 경우가 많다. 하지만 이에 반해 소설을 기반으로 하는 슈퍼히어로 영화의 경우, 인물서사 보다는 사건 위주의 서사로 이야기의 흐름이 진행되는 경우가 대부분이다. 이러한 차이는 만화원작의 할리우드 슈퍼히어로 영화와 소설, 특히 고전소설을 원작으로 하는 국내 슈퍼히어로 영화에서 흔히 발견할 수 있다. 이에 본 논문은 국내 슈퍼히어로 영화의 서사구조 특성은 무엇이고 또한 그 한계는 어떠한 것이 있는지, 영화 <전우치>를 통해 분석해 보았다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.140-154
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• 2011

Through this thesis, I intended to analyze superhero action thriller through that achieved in art and box office after the film release. I would to access about it centering around directing viewpoint. of Christoper Nolan is evaluate as 'upgraded excellent action thriller'that have remarkable theme and excellent visual. Analysis of directing'll classify both contents and form. See about contents... theme of existential dilemma about the good and the evel, characters who is grew more powerful, and deeper than Batman series in old times. the fifth plot, especially dramatic plot by Joker's game, and various irony and motif. About form... efficient use of IMAX camera, prominence of action directing about car chase and fighting... better editing and music and art than former super hero series. The most important merit of is it's a philosophical theme. It is dipicted very seriously and successfully. First of all, the film has more advanced technique power and new directing style.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.47
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• pp.163-190
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• 2017

This paper studies the recent surge in the number of faith-based films in Hollywood, with the aim to explore the context and implications of this new trend. By using the theoretical framework of the study of the Tilich and Van der Leeuw, who have explored the relationship between religion, culture and art, this article discusses the meaning of the spiritual theme in the film. A couple of common points can be found among the faith-based films that have been produced since the 2010s. While these films attempt a universal approach to the fundamental theme of spirituality through popular narratives familiar to the audience, they also stress 'historical truthfulness and credibility' by representing the reality, such as a featuring real person or a true story in the film. The main characters are depicted as "victorious losers" that are distinguished from the typical Hollywood superhero and the films repeatedly show the human being constantly 'asking' questions to God. By analyzing these characteristics, the paper demonstrates that recent Hollywood faith-based films have successfully differentiated themselves from existing religious films while symbolizing the universal beliefs and values beyond the religious message so as to attract more audiences to this field. The paper also suggests that despite the advances in modern science and knowledge, the public will always yearn for a spiritual recovery and salvation through the film medium, serving as a potential source that provides an outlet for spiritual experience.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.40
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• pp.109-137
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• 2015

As Digital technology developed, drawing animation, using traditional production method which expresses many feelings with drawn lines loses the youth group, the primary audience, to the realism of the digital cinema. Drawing animation, which drew attention of the youth by the spectacles in the film such as hectic pace, dynamics and punch, declined for a while. However, it has been developed a way to express pace and dynamics of its own by establishing an effective directing method, which combines digital technology as it is needed. This study has a purpose to investigate what causes the dynamics and feeling of fast movement of the character in Japanese limited animation. Though some action-animated films that heroes with supernatural powers take the leading role that feeling of velocity and dynamics are emphasized we compare the directing method before and after the introduction of the digital technology. This research reaches the conclusion by factoring each Bergson and McLuhan's discussion to the intervention of indexical signs and the audience's participation according to skipping technique. This study has a significance of researching the element of drawing animation that maximizes the expansion of the senses by defying the limitation of the law of physics through its unique way of directing together with growth of the hero films, which will continue.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.132-142
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to interpret the MCU's universal worldview from the perspective of geometry and to storytell narrative elements with mathematical imagination. For storytelling, data from the Phase 3 series aired from 2016 to 2019 was used. The Phase 3 series stimulates the imagination of the public with the sense of reality shown in the narrative and images based on geometrical theory and various predictions about future technology. Imagination is the driving force for diverse and original thinking about the unexperienced, and the ability to find order in chaos and create new perceptions of matter. The power of imagination is very necessary not only in artistic activities, but also in the scientific field where logic and rationality are important. Bachelard's imagination aims for art, the primitive realm of human beings, and contains sincerity and passion for the wonders of nature and all things. By exploring the MCU's worldview and superhero narrative through geometrical logic and imagination-driven imagery, you can understand the cosmic messages and laws in the film. From a convergence point of view of art and science, various and original techniques based on mathematics and scientific imagination used in MCU video production will help to improve the quality of video analysis.