• Applied Microscopy
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2004

Integumentary structures of the rockfish, Sebastiscus tertius were examined by means of the light and transmission electron microscopy. Stratified epidermal layer consists of supporting cells, unicellular glands, granular cells and mitochondria-rich cells. The epidermal layer could be classified into superficial, intermediate and basal layer by morphology and structure of the supporting cells. Mucous cells of unicellular gland were observed in the superficial and intermediate layer of the epidermis. The mucous materials were identified as acidic and carboxylated mucosubstance by histochemical methods. Club cell has well-developed central vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticula and Golgi complex in the cytoplasm. Granular cells were observed in the superficial layer and contained numerous granules of high electron density. Mitochondria-rich cells are characterized by well-developed microfilaments in cortex and numerous tubular mitochondria in medullar cytoplasm. Three types of pigment cells in the dermal layer could be distinguished with electron density of cytoplasmic inclusions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.276-279
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• 2007

A 2-year-old male, 3 kg body weight Japanese Chin was injured in the automobile accident three months ago. The dog became antebrachiocarpal joint instability, and performed pancarpal arthrodesis using 3 K-wires in localanimal hospital. But, the result was failure. Therefore the dog was referred to Chonbuk Animal Medical Center, Chonbuk National University. In physical examination, right carpal joint instability, knuckling sign and pain were evident. In radiography, sclerosis was observed on the 4th carpal bone. Complete blood count (CBC), serum chemistry and urinalysis finding were within reference ranges. Pancarpal arthrodesis was re-performed using 7-hole plate. However, mild skin and muscle defects was appeared by skin tension of extremity. We expected that granulation would fill the defect, but inflammation was continued on the lesions for 3 days. So, operation which is filling it was done by using the muscle flap and tubed skin flap. The donor muscles were flexor carpi radialis and superficial digital flexor muscles. After 7 days, the muscle flap was survived, but tubed skin flap was necrosed. After 20 days, the skin defect was substituted with granulation tissues. The flexor carpi radialis muscle and superficial digital flexor muscle transposition can be a useful procedure for reconstructing soft tissue defects in the carpal and metacarpal areas.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.538-541
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• 2011

An 8-year-old spayed Yorkshire Terrier Dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Kyungpook National University because of the recurrent superficial pyoderma. At the presentation, pustules and papules were present throughout the body. Numerous rods with a few cocci were observed on impression smears and they were confirmed to be Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus pseudointermedius consecutively. The patient was treated with systemic enrofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid based on the results of antimicrobial sensitivity tests with once a week basis 4% chlorhexidine shampoo. An excellent clinical response was achieved in 2 weeks of therapy and the lesions were fully resolved in 6 weeks. The possibility of P. mirabilis infection should not be overlooked by clinicians in dogs with recurrent superficial pyoderma although it's been considered to be rare.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1998

From January 1985 to February 1997, 96 patients had undergone the free vascularized groin flap on the upper and lower extremities with microsurgical technique at the department of orthopaedic surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine. The results were as follows: 1. Average age at the time of operation was 24.9 years. and there were 71 men and 25 women and mean follow up was 62.4 months. 2. The lesion site was 82 cases on the lower extremity: foot(40), leg(20), ankle(13), and 14 cases on the upper extremity: forearm(6), elbow(3), hand(3), wrist(2). 3. The anatomical classification of the superficial circumflex iliac artery was as follows: 1) 39.8% of common origin with superficial inferior epigastric artery, 2) 30.1% of isolated origin and absent superficial inferior epigastric artery, 3) 13.3% of separate origin, 4) 16.9% of origin from the deep femoral artery. 4. There was no statistical significance on arterial anastomosis between end to end and end to side, and on venous anastomosis(end to end) between one vein and two veins. 5. The success rate was average 84.4% in 81 of 96 cases. 6. In the 15 failed cases, the additional procedures were performed: 5 cases of free vascularized scapular flap, 6 cases of full thickness skin graft, 2 cases of cross leg flap, 1 case of latissimus dorsi flap, 1 case of split thickness skin graft. In conclusion, the free vascularized groin flap can be considered as the treatment of choice for the reconstruction of the extensive soft tissue injury on the extremities, and show the higher success rate with the experienced surgeon.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 2003

Background: Surgical management of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland has a considerable risk of facial nerve injury and a high re-recurrence rate. To obtain more insight into the issue of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma and more specifically to evaluate our experience and results of treatment, a retrospective study was carried out. Materials and Methods: During the period from 1989 to 2002, the medical records of 14 patients who underwent a operation for recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland were reviewed retrospectively. The initial operation for parotid tumor, clinical features of recurrence, reoperation after recurrence, po stop complication were analysed. Results: The male to female ratio was 6 : 9. Median age of the patients at the time of the initial operation was 33 years and at the time of the reoperation was 43 years. The median interval until recurrence was 105 months (6-252 months). The initial operations performed were excision or enucleation in 10 patients, superficial parotidectomy in 3 patients, total parotidectmy in 1 patients. The thirteen patients were underwent reoperation (8 superficial parotidectomies, 3 total parotidectomies, 1 neartotal parotidectomy, 1 wide excision). The facial nerve paralysis after the reoperation occured in 6 patients but all of them were recovered from 3 months to 1 year after surgery. Conclusion: In the management of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland, excision or enucleation is to be avoided due to the higher recurrence rate and superficial or total parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve are to be preferred. Because the risk of facial nerve injury during operation for the recurrent tumor was higher than initial surgery, more careful surgical procedure is mandatory for preserving the facial nerve.

• Archives of Hand and Microsurgery
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.296-300
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• 2018

Penile shaft reconstruction requires adequate soft tissue characteristics as well as constant vascular pedicles when considering a perforator flap. The free flap technique using various donor sites and regional conventional and perforator flaps have been utilized for penile shaft reconstruction. Still, the free flap techniques include challenging surgical procedures in addition to postoperative management. The regional flap can be applied to limited defects due to the size and shape. We performed the bilateral superficial external pudendal artery (SEPA) perforator flaps in order to reconstruct a circumferential penile shaft defect. The circumferential wound has noted necrotic tissue involving superficial (Dartos) fascia. We underwent debridement, preserving deep (Buck's) fascia and corpus spongiosum. Thereafter, the soft tissue defect was covered with bilateral SEPA perforator flaps. The patient has been observed for 27 months, showing penile resilience without deformity or wound-related problems.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2019

Purpose : Lower back pain is a common disorder experienced by approximately 90-% of the population at least once in a lifetime. This study examines changes in the thicknesses and ratios of the deep and superficial fibers of the multifidus according to the lumbar stabilization exercise used for spinal stabilization. Methods : Ten different lumbar stabilization exercises were implemented by 20 healthy men in random order, and the thickness of multifidus muscle was measured ultrasound image during each exercise. Results : The surface muscle fibers of the multifidus muscles significantly increased in the exercise method in which the arms and legs were lifted (p<.05), while the deep muscle fibers of the multifidus muscles increased significantly in the exercise in which the arms and legs were not lifted (p<.05). The ratio of the thickness of surface muscle fibers to the total thickness of muscle fibers was higher in the exercise method in which the arms and legs were lifted (p<.05), while the ratio of the thickness of deep muscle fibers to the total thickness of muscle fibers was higher in the hollowing and bracing exercise method in which the arms and legs were not lifted (p<.05). Conclusion : When lumbar stabilization exercise should be performed at clinics to strengthen the deep muscle fibers of the multifidus muscles that have larger effects on the stability of spinal segments, taking the stability of the spine into consideration indicates that, hollowing and bracing exercise methods that do not that cause isotonic extension to the spine are appropriate.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.186-190
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• 2019

Myxomas can be divided into two groups: those derived from the facial skeleton, and those derived from external skeletal soft tissue. Soft tissue myxomas of the head and neck are uncommon, with fewer than 50 cases reported. In any form and location, myxoma of parotid gland is rare. We report a case of myxoma arising from the left superficial lobe of the parotid gland with good long-term follow-up after superficial parotidectomy with tumor excision. A 49-year-old man was referred to our department of plastic and reconstructive surgery with a painless palpable mass that had persisted in the left mandible angle region for 2 years. Excision of the facial mass and superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation were performed. The biopsy result was myxoma. Long-term follow-up for 22 months showed favorable results without evidence of recurrence but with temporary facial nerve weakness right after the surgery. Myxoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis when benign tumor of the parotid gland is being considered.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2021

Background In patients with congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN), single-stage removal of large lesions can be difficult because the high tension created by excising and repairing a large lesion may result in scar widening. Herein, we introduce a method to effectively excise lesions while minimizing scarring and compare its outcomes to those of existing surgical methods. Methods We compared patients who underwent surgery using the anchoring technique (n=42) or the conventional elliptical technique (n=36). One side of the lesion was removed via en bloc resection up to the superficial fascia. The other side of the lesion was removed via de-epithelialization. The de-epithelialized dermal flap was then fixed by suturing it to the superficial fascia on the opposite side. The length of the lesion's long axis and amount of scar widening were measured immediately after surgery and at 2, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. At 12 months, patients were assessed using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale. Results The lesion locations included the face, arms, legs, back, and abdomen. The anchoring method resulted in shorter and smaller scars than the conventional method. There were no cases of postoperative hematoma or wound dehiscence. Significant differences in postoperative scar widening were found in the arm and leg areas (P<0.05). Conclusions The anchoring method introduced in this study can provide much better outcomes than the conventional method. The anchoring method is particularly useful for the removal of CMN around the joints or extremities, where the surgical site is subjected to high tension.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.426-438
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• 2021

Purpose: While the incidence of Barrett's neoplasia has been increasing in Western countries, the disease remains rare in Asian countries. Therefore, very few studies have investigated the endoscopic treatment for Barrett's neoplasia in Korea. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables en bloc and complete resection of gastrointestinal neoplastic lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of ESD for Barrett's neoplasia in a single center in Korea and to examine the predictive factors for incomplete resection. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of 18 patients who underwent ESD for superficial Barrett's neoplasia (dysplasia and early cancer) between January 2010 and December 2019 at Pusan National University Hospital. The therapeutic outcomes of ESD and procedure-related complications were analyzed. Results: En bloc resection, complete resection, and curative resection were performed in 94%, 72%, and 61% of patients, respectively. Histopathology (submucosal or deeper invasion of the tumor) was a significant predictive factor for incomplete resection (P=0.047). Procedure-related bleeding and stenosis were not observed, whereas perforation occurred in one case. During the median follow-up period of 12 months (range, 6-74 months), local recurrence occurred in 2 patients with incomplete resection, one patient underwent repeat ESD, and the other patient received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The 3-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 73% and 93%, respectively. Conclusions: ESD seems to be an effective and safe treatment for superficial Barrett's neoplasia in Korea. Nevertheless, the suitability of ESD for Barrett's cancer cases should be determined considering the high risk of deep submucosal invasion.