• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 1997

Floating debris was recorded from a training ship, #1 Kwanaksan, of Pukyong National University with about 10 knots speed during August 19~26, 1996. The area sampled is the East Coast of Korea, divided into 33 unit segments on survey routes. Debris fabrication materials were categorized using the following; man-made or natural wood items, paper, cardboard, nylon rope, netting, styrofoam and plastics, floating metal and glass containers. All identified items within a $100{\pm}2m$ wide band were recorded but ignored if beyond this boundary. The results of distribution and composition of floating debris in the area are as follows: 1. The quantities of debris during the summer were distributed from 1.8~52 items per $km^2$. The most obvious trend is the widespread distribution of all debris. 2. The highest densities of all debris were discovered in the vicinity of Pusan and ills an area. Especially styrofoam & plastics were observed in 81% of sampled area, next is wood items, 9.1%. Nylon netting & rope was the least widespread pollutant. 3. The relationship between distribution of debris and surface currents of the area was not apparently revealed through this survey. Further surveys are being instigated, and from this it is hoped that a much wider coverage can be achived, perhaps on all sites of Southern and Western sea of Korea and contributed to the finding of sources,stationary area of debris.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.461-475
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted in the southwestern area of Korea using a neuston net in September (14 stations) 2017 to understand the environmental factors affecting neustonic zooplankton. Temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a concentration, suspended solids, and microplastics were included as environmental factors. Based on the density of the copepods, the study area was divided into three regions: the Seomjin River water influence area, the frontal mixing area, and the warm water affected area (Jeju warm current and Tsushima warm current). In the latter two areas, the major species were Pontella chierchiae, Canthocalanus pauper, and Oncaea spp. Also, neustonic zooplankton showed a significant relationship between the density of phytoplankton and microplastics in the frontal mixing area, and temperature and suspended solids in the warm water affected area, respectively (p<0.05). This indicates that microplastics can affect the offshore zooplankton community.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.119-137
• /
• 2012

In this study, the damages and condition of road pavement were analyzed using pavement management system (PMS) for the structural improvement. Problems of road pavement management were issued by in-depth interview with workers in charge of plant, construction and supervision. By surveying advanced road pavement management, the way how to improve road pavement management in Seoul was discussed. In conclusion, it is necessary to take measures against road heavy traffic and heavy rain in summer. It was found that the problem of early damages of road pavement due to uniform layout with analyzing life cycle cost (LCC). According to the results of survey, it was suggested to strength practical training and to control precisely the temperature of pavement in the process of production and construction.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.43-55
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted to understand the seasonal patterns and variation of the copepod community in the Anma Islands of Yeonggwang, Yellow Sea, with a focus on seasonal surveys to assess the factors affecting their occurrence. Throughout the survey period, Acartia hongi, Paracalanus parvus s. l., and Ditrichocorycaeus affinis were dominant species, while Acartia ohtsukai, Acartia pacifica, Bestiolina coreana, Centropages abdominalis, Labidocera rotunda, Paracalanus sp., Tortanus derjugini, Tortanus forcipatus occurred differently by season and station. As a results of cluster analysis, the copepod communities were distinguished into three distinct groups: spring-winter, summer, and autumn. The results of this study showed that the occurrence patterns of copepod species can vary depending on environmental conditions (topographic, distance from the inshore, etc.), and their spatial occurrence patterns between seasons were controlled by water temperature and prey conditions. One of the physical mechanisms that can affect the distribution of zooplankton in the Yellow Sea is the behavior of the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water (YSBCW), which shows remarkable seasonal fluctuations. More detailed further studies are needed for clear grounds for mainly why to many Calanus sinicus in the central region of the Yellow Sea are seasonally moving to the inshore, what strategies to seasonally maintain the population, and support the possibilities of complex factors.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.324-332
• /
• 2023

Consumers are addressing the issue of dimensional dissatisfaction by repairing clothes, experimenting with style changes, and looking for cost-effective solutions that result in better-fitting garments. This study investigated the repair status by type of clothing, analyzed the method and frequency of repair by type of clothing category and season, and analyzed consumer redesign activities. The findings revealed that upper garments, such as T-shirts, jumpers, jackets, dress shirts, and dresses, were frequently repaired. The common modifications to upper garments included(in order of frequency) shortening sleeve length, shortening overall length, reducing garment width, zipper repair, and adjusting sleeve width. Lower garments, such as pants, jeans, skirts, and training pants, followed in terms of repair frequency. The modifications to lower garments included(in order of frequency) shortening length, reducing width, adjusting waist width (both narrowing and widening), replacing elastic bands, zipper repair, and lengthening. Repairs were more frequently conducted in the order of autumn, winter, spring, and summer. Repair methods varied depending on the clothing type and alterations involved to the length and width of garments and the replacement or removal of old sections. Redesigning clothing as a recycling method was found to enhance the cost-effectiveness of the collection. The study further confirmed the sustainability aspect of redesigning and reusing clothing.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.811-816
• /
• 2023

With the emergence of a climate crisis, climate disasters have recently been clearly felt in Korea. In particular, the typhoon 'Hinnamno' in the summer of 2022 made many people feel a sense of crisis with its formidable power. In this situation, children are likely to suffer great damage even in small crises due to their lack of experience and ability to cope with disaster situations. In this paper, we introduce a disaster response learning application that supports children's disaster response training. Designed based on research results on situational learning theory and child disaster safety education, this system produces various episodes and trains them to encounter disaster situations. Children can participate in the episode by choosing options during the episode, which is reflected in the picture diary after the episode is completed. By providing information naturally in the picture diary, children can access how to cope with disaster situations. Through this system, children are expected to develop their judgment in disaster situations that they can encounter and have the ability to secure basic safety outside of adult help.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.476-483
• /
• 2021

In order to maintain the safety of the airspace with ever increasing traffic volume, it is necessary to thoroughly analyze the collision risk with the current data. In this study, collision risk analysis was conducted using Detect and Avoid (DAA) Well-Clear (DWC) metrics, risk induces developed for the DAA systems of unmanned aerial vehicles. All flights in year 2019 that flew within the Incheon Flight Information Region (FIR) boundary were analyzed using the recorded Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast(ADS-B) data. High risk regions as well as trends by airports and seasons were identified. The results indicate that the risk is higher around the congested area near Incheon International Airport and Gimpo International Airport. Seasonally, the risk was highest in August that coincides with the Summer vacation period. The result will be useful for the baseline data for various aviation safety enhancement activities such as revision of routes and procedures and training of the field specialists.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.65-81
• /
• 1980

This study is aimed at investigating the compensatory education which was already implemented or is being implemented in the U.S.A. and Japan; and at studying the types of programs and their characteristics; and at sounding out the possibilities of the application of such programs in family and social conditions is Korea. In order to achieve the above mentioned objectives, the established items for the study are as follows: (1) Various types of early children's education (2) Programs of compensatory education for the disadvantaged Children (3) Head Start Program, Early Training Project and Montessori School (4) Integrated Preschool Programs (5) Day-Care Center for employed mothers We investigated the various compensatory education programs for the preschool children who are in economically, socially, culturally disadvantaged conditions. Head Start Programs were federally supported programs for preschool children and opened as summer programs in 1965 for the first time. The purpose of Head Start has been to give preschool children the kinds of experiences they need in preparation for school. The Head Start children were found to be significantly better prepared for school than the normal children. However, after six to eight months, their initial advantages had virtually. disappeared and then the simple problem with Head Start and other such programs was that little long-term good could be evidenced unless the high quality educational environment was maintained. Therefore, to solve this problem, three other programs were funded as part of the overall Head Start. These three programs are the Parent-Child Center, Home Start, and the Child and Family Resources Program. The Early Training Project for disadvantaged children was implemented by Klaus and Gray of Peabody College in 1962. The program was a field research study concerned with the development and testing over time of procedures for improving the educability of young children from low income homes. Its major concern was to study whether it was possible to offset the progressive retardation observed in the public schooling careers of children, living in deprived circumstances. Children, who were trained through the Early Training Project were superior to control groups in the test of IQ and vocabulary as well as linguistic abilities, and preparation for reading. This project showed the possibilities which could prevent preschool children from being disadvantaged socially, culturally and mentally. In 1907, Montessori School was established by Maria Montessori in Italy and her school program has been introduced at present to several countries in the world as one compensatory educations. She first began her experimental methods with retarded children, followed by disadvantaged children from the tenements of Rome. The Montessori approach futures a prepared environment and carefully designed, self-correcting materials. The Montessori curriculum presents tastes that feature sequence, order, and regularity, in addition to those that develop motor and sensory skills. She was interested in children's intellectual development and in developing good work habits. One of the latest developed programs for disadvantaged children is "Integrated Preschool Program" which has successfully integrated handicapped and nonhandicapped children. Several studies have showed that handicapped children in integrated school environments are accepted by and interact with their nonhandicapped peers. In fact, this program provides a number of potential, and perhaps opportunities for nonhandicapped children to serve as valuable resources in fostering the development of their handicapped peers. Next we turn to Japanese programs which are divided into two different types. One is Day-Care Center which was established by Child Welfare Law and the other is kindergarten organized by School Education Law. The kindergarten opened in 1876 and it has been part of school systems since 1947 by the implementation of education law, and the Day-Care Center which started in 1890 for the employed mothers. was changed into Day-Nursery by the enactment of child welfare law in 1947. The laws and operational regulations for the Day-Nursery were set up and were put in effect by the establishment standard acts of children welfare facilities, and the Day-Nursery has been operated in various types by the increasing demand, chiefly because of the socio-economical changes of family structures in both urban and suburban areas. Nursery education for physically and mentally disadvantaged children is for those who are blind, deaf and dumb, mentally retarded; physically disadvantaged by accidents or diseases. Montessori education in Japan was started in 1968 and many research groups for studying Montessori were organized. In 1977, Montessori remedial education society was also organized in which they started a number of studies; a study for developing materials; in-service training for the remedial education; and seminars and lectures, etc It is strongly suggested that we study the early educations that are being implemented in Japan and a variety of compensatory educations that were already implemented in the U.S.A. and modify them for the organization of our own model and properly accommodate them to our social needs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.8-18
• /
• 2003

In order to investigate the oceanic condition of fishing ground in the adjacent sea of Naro Island, the oceanographic observation were carried out by the training vessel of Yosu National University on winter, spring, summer, and autumn in 2000. Main features in the observation are as follows; 1) the ranges of temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll-a were from 4.$3\circ_C$ to 10.$1\circ_C$, from 33.1 psu to 34.9 psu, and from 0.1 $ug$/$\Omega$ to 26.2 $ug$/$\Omega$ in winter, from 8.$1\circ_C$ to 13.$7\circ_C$, from 33.1 psu to 34.3 psu, and from 0.1 $ug$/$\Omega$ to 24.4 $ug$/$\Omega$ in spring, from 14.$5\circ_C$ to 24.$2\circ_C$, from 30.5 psu to 34.1 psu, and from 0.1 $ug$/$\Omega$ to 30.0 $ug$/$\Omega$ in summer, and from 14.$8\circ_C$ to 18.$6\circ_C$, from 30.1 psu to 34.0 psu, and from 0.1 $ug$/$\Omega$ to 19.1 $ug$/$\Omega$ in autumn, respectively, 2) the temperature in the coastal region was higher than that in the open ocean while salinity was lower, and the convection was identified between the surface and the bottom during in winter and autumn, and the thermocline were made between surface and 20m layer with vertical gradients of 4.$0\circ_C$/7m in summer, 3) the chlorophyll-a in the this region was varied in each season, being highly distributed in spring, on bottom and coastal region, and 4) an evidence of sea water intrusion toward Sori Island was observed, and of inner water intrusion from Yeoja Bay was observed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2000

The present study was carried out to investigate the actual condition of the evaluation of science learning in the secondary school, and to develop the basic data for the improvement of the science learning assessment. Various questions for three evaluative domains were asked to 51 science teachers with the questionnaire during the in-service training course for certificate on summer in 1998. The cognition of the table of specification appeared high as 98% responses to the questionnaire, but the teachers' ability to distinguish behavioral elements was low as 47% responses. The evaluative rate of three domains for knowledge, skill and attitude appeared as 45%, 35% and 20% evaluation in both diagnostic and formative evaluation and 40%, 40% and 20% evaluation in summative evaluation. The evaluation of process skill appeared a tendency depending on laboratory reports as 61%, and was higher rather than in the formative evaluation or summative evaluation. In the evaluation of attitude domain, about a half of teachers answered that they evaluated the domain with laboratory reports as 43%, and some teachers evaluated the domain with teacher's observation as 33%. Also there were a few teachers who did not evaluate the attitude domain as 8%. The rate for the elements of the process skill appeared 86% responses in the interpretation of data, 31% in the observative ability, 18% in the predictive ability, 14% in the classified ability, 12% in the measuring and data-investigating ability, 4% in the discussion ability, and 2% in the investigating ability. We could find out that many teachers had given higher rate in the evaluation of process skill and attitude rather than before the present study, therefore there was more improvement in the evaluation for process skill and attitude domain after the 6th curriculum.