• Toxicological Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.79-87
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• 1999

To know the stress response and antioxidative effect of sulfur containing compounds, we observed the expression of the stress protein (heat shock protein; inducible protein) from mouse tissues and evaluated the protective effects to hydroxyl radical in mouse brain cell culture. Cysteine, methionine or sodium sulfide was fed by oral administration of 1 ml/per 6hr/three times with 1 mM, 2mM or 3mM to mouse, respectively. After that, the stress proteins were extracted from mouse tissues and analyzed the features of expression. The stress proteins by sulfur containing compounds were showed different aspects in the kinds and concentrations of their compounds, and in the tissues of mouse. In the liver, the stress proteins were appeared at different time on the concentration of sulfur containing compounds and had less than 20 KDa as small molecules. In general, the molecular weights of stress protein in liver, the stress proteins were appeared at different time on the concentration of sulfur containing compounds and had less than 20 KDa as small molecules. In general, the molecular weights of stress protein in the spleen were evaluated from 32KDa to 50KDA, and the induced times were relatively late at high concentration of cysteine, early at low concentration of methionine or sodium sulfide. The stress proteins in mouse muscle were detected mostly between 24hr after treatment of sulfur containing compounds. Their molecular weights were 15~24KDa. In the antioxidative effects of sulfur containing compounds to hydroxyl radical, cell viabilities were measured by 63.2% at 10 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 65.5% at 50 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 68.6% at 100 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 78.3% at 150 $\mu\textrm{M}$, or 83.0% at 200 $\mu\textrm{M}$ of cysteine, respectively. At addition of methionine, the cell viabilities were assessed as 58.1% at 10 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 62.8% at 50 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 75.7% at 100 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 78.6% at 150 $\mu\textrm{M}$, and 79.2% at 200 $\mu\textrm{M}$ after 4hrs exposure with 20mU/ml glucose oxidase (GO) system, while the numbers of live cells to hydroxyl radicals in treatment of sodium sulfide were showed 48.6% at 10 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 54.8% at 100 $\mu\textrm{M}$, 51.8% at 150 $\mu\textrm{M}$, and 51.6% at 200 $\mu\textrm{M}$ in the neuronal cells. In the inhibitory effects on the proliferation of tumor cells, percentages of dead cells of the CT-26 or HeLa cell were generally less than 30% even 48hr after addition of sulfur containing compounds. Conclusively, the results of these experiments indicate that stress protein by sulfur containing compounds can be used as physiological indicator for animal nutrition and for environment, and also that cysteine and methionine can play critical roles as an antioxidant.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2005

This study il focused on the hepatopreventive effect in cirrhotic rats induced by N, N -dimethylnitrosamine treatment when organir Lulfur -containing compoundE were orally injected. Biochemical parameters (aspatate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 1-protein and t-bilirubin) were measured in serum injured liver tissue. The increased AST and ALT values were significantly reduced by organic sulfur-containing compounds at the oral dotes of 50 mg/kg. The result of morphological changes have illustrated the accumulation of liver damages, Each as inflammatory cell accumulation and cirrhosis, caused by N, N-dimethylnitrosamine. Also, it was found that liver damages were prevented by the treatment of organic sulfur- containing compounds.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.499-506
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• 1993

콩의 함황아미노산 함량의 향상을 위한 유전육종학적 기초연구의 일환으로 서울대학교 농학과에서 유지해오고 있는 품종 및 계통과 국내 수집 계통 등 518점을 공시재료로 하여 황함량을 분석조사하고 아울러 함황단백질, 함황아미노산과의 관계를 알아보고 황함량의 유전현상과 잡종초기세대에 있어서의 황함량의 선발효과를 분석조사하였다. 종실중의 황함량은 재배중은 0.20～0.45%의 변리로 평균함량은 0.33%였고 국내 수집 야생콩(30계통)은 0.19～0.62%의 변이로 평균 0.35%였다. 종실중의 황함량은 함황단백질 및 함황아미노산과 각각 r=0.924$^{**}$, r=0.974$^{**}$의 높은 상관관계를 보였고 종실 특성 및 생육 특성 구분에 의한 품종 또는 계통군의 황함량은 성숙이 늦은 것, 종피에 피분이 존해하는 것, 푸른 자엽색인 것들의 황함량평균이 높았으며 종실중의 황함량과 당함량 및 100립증과는 각각 r=-0.312$^{**}$, r=-0.383$^{**}$의 유의상관을 나타냈다. 종실중 황함량의 유전현상은 양적형질의 유전현상을 나타냈으며 황함량을 높이는 상가적효과가 우성효과보다 큰 것으로 나타났고 종실중의 황함량을 높게하는 유전자와 낮게하는 유전자의 분포비율은 비슷한 것으로 추정되었다. 그리고 추정된 협의의 유전력과 광의의 유전력은 0.75(Hn), 0.88(Hb)로 나타났고 선발효율은 고, 저 양방향으로의 조기세대 선발에 의해 높은 방향의 선발에서 14.7～18.8%가 높아졌고, 낮은 방향의 선발에서 8.8～15.6%가 저하되었으며 모든 경우 유의하게 선발효과가 있었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 1997

질소 및 유황시용이 수도의 생육, 수량 및 수량구성요소와 함유황아미노산 함량에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 섬진벼와 삼강벼를 공시품종으로하여 요소구, 요소+광물유황구, 요소+광물유황 2배량구, 요소 2배량+광물유황 2배량구, 유안구, 유안+광물유황구, 유안 2배량구로 처리하고 pot 시험을 수행한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 이앙후 50일의 초장 및 분얼수는 양 품종 모두 처리간에 유의차가 있었으며, 질소 및 유황시용량 증가에 따라 분얼수가 증가하는 경향이었다. 2. 섬진벼에서는 수량과 주당수수 및 천립중에서 처리간에 유의차가 있었으며, 삼강벼에서는 수량과 주당수수에서 처리간에 유의차가 있었다. 섬진벼와 삼강벼 모두 질소 및 유황의 처리량 증가에 따라 수량이 증가하는 경향이었다. 3. 섬진벼 및 삼강벼 모두 수량구성요소중 주당수수만이 수량과 유의한 정의 상관이 있었다. 4. 질소 및 유황의 시용량이 증가할수록 수확기의 짚 및 현미중 질소와 유황 함량은 증가되었고. N/S비는 반대로 낮아졌다. 5. 수량과 수확기의 짚 및 현미중의 질소와 유황 함량간에는 각각 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보였고, N/S비와는 부의 상관을 보였다. 6. 수확기 짚 및 현미중의 질소 함량과 유황 함량간에는 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보였다. 7. 질소 및 유황의 시용량 증가에 따라 조단백질 함량이 증가되었고, 현미중 함유황아미노산은 짚중 유황 함량과 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보였으며, 짚중 질소와는 정의 상관을 보였다. 8. 질소 및 유황의 시용량이 증가할수록 수량 조단백질 함량 및 함유황아미노산(cystine, methionine) 함량이 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.978-983
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• 1995

The effect of sulfur-containing amino acids on lipid metabolism was studied in rats fed casein as a protein source. Plasma cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and atherosclerotic index decreased in the cysteine group compared to the methionine group. Plasma triglyceride and phospholipid level were not affected by the supplementation of the sulfur-containing amino acids. The levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in liver decreased by both methionine and cysteine. Cysteine increased the fecal excretion of coprostanol, total neutral steroid and bile acid. The results suggest that plasma cholesterol level is affected by dietary ratio of cysteine/methionine and that the hypocholesterolemic effects of cysteine is, at least in part, through reducing cholesterol absorption from small intestine and through enhancing fecal excretion of bile acids.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.183-188
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• 1993

신개간 토양을 성토한 호남작물시험장 전작포장에서 석회시용 유무와 유신근비료 시용을 달리하여 콩의 생육, 수량 및 종실 성분 함량에 미치는 영향을 조사한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 신개간지 적황색 식량토 (pH 4.9)에서 토양산도를 중화량으로 교정하면 종실수량에서 32%의 증수효과를 보였다. 2. 토양산도 교정에 따른 유산근 비료의 수량증수효과는 과인산석회 31%, 유안 11%, 석고 3%의 순이었으며 교정치 않았을 경우에는 고토석회 47%, 과인산석회 22%, 석고 15%의 순이었다. 3. 종실의 단백질 함량은 석회무시용구보다 석회시용구에서 많았으며 함황비료의 시용효과도 인정되었으나, 지방함량은 큰 차이를 인정 할수 없었다. 4. 석회 시용구에서 유산근 비료의 효과가 큰 것은 과인산석회와 유안이었으며 개량제로는 석고가 좋았고, 석회무시용구에서는 고토석회와 과인산석회가 우수하였다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1984

저단백질(13% C. P.) 사료는 어린 병아리에서 단백질급원의 Net Protein Utilization가 조사하거나 또는 아미노산의 불균형을 연구할 때 적절한 방법으로 인정되고 있다. 이때의 기준 단백질로서 정제된 대두단백을 많이 이용하고 있으나 이런 사료의 제한 아미노산에 대한 연구가 되어 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 사료내 유일한 단백질급원으로서 isolated soy protein을 15% 수준으로 함유한 purified-type의 기초사료에서 제한 아미노산을 규명하고 이의 요구량을 조사하였다. 어린병아리의 기초사료에 methionine, lysine, threonine 및 tryptophan 등을 단독으로 또는 두개 이상을 같이 첨가해서 급여한 결과. methionine만이 결핍된 것으로 나타났다. 총함유황아미노산(TSAA)의 요구량을 dose-response curve 방법에 의해 반응선과 plateau선과의 상호교차점에서 구하였는데, 최대의 성장과 사료섭취량을 위한 요구량은 각각 사료단백질의 4.73%와 3.73% 수준이였다. 이들 수치를 TSAA의 섭취량을 기준으로 표시해 보면 최대성장율, 사료섭취량 및 사료효을을 위해 각각 167.7, 136.8 및 159.7mg/bird/day의 양이 필요하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.653-657
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• 2012

While it is known that sulfur containing amino acids (SCAA) are very important in regulating hepatocyte growth and preventing liver-diseases, the fundamental molecular mechanisms of how they exert their hepatoprotective functions are not well known. Since it is widely understood that the hepatic concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) in chronic liver disease patients are severely decreased, the pathophysiological importance of SAMe and its downstream antioxidant, glutathione should be discussed in order to see a big picture of relationship between SCAA and liver diseases. Chronic SAMe deficient mice have shown spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma development due to impaired mitochondria functions with low levels of prohibitin1 protein, and through deficiency in many genes which are known to ameliorate genetic instability, such as APEX1 and DUSP1, the functions of which are recovered by SAMe treatment. In this review, current knowledge of the basic concepts of the mechanisms through which SCAAs protect the liver will be discussed in detail. Also, a possible tumor suppressor in livers, prohibitin1, and its functional relationship with SAMe will be discussed.

• Plant Resources
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

Soybean is an important crop because its seed has very high protein relative to others. The quality of soy protein is limited by the concentration of the sulfur-containing amino acids in the amino acid profile. Among the supply of various forms of 0.4mM sulfur as S nutrition during seed fill. only 0.4mM L-methionine can inhibit ${\beta}$-subunit synthesis completely and produce the highest glycinin-containing seeds. Compared to 0.4mM sulfate control, seeds supplied by 0.4mM L-methionine have lower ${\alpha}$-, no ${\beta}$-subunit, and highly increased glycinin without altering total protein concentration. Supply of 0.2mM cystine (0.4mM S) did not affect the accumulative pattern of seed storage protein (SSP) subunits. In the supply of L-methionine, 0.2mM treatment showed higher glycinin in seeds but 0.05mM resulted in lower glycinin than tile sulfate control. The relative abundance of ${\alpha}^`$-subunit was not altered by any N or S nutrition. Under 5mM nitrogen, protein concentration was increased about 3-5% by substituting ammonia for nitrate during seed fill independent of nutrition. The increase resulted in the only increase of 7S protein, mainly ${\beta}$-subunit. Our data suggest that the regulatory system of SSP genes responds to the balance between N and S assimilates supplied from mother plant. and controls the di fferential synthesis of their subunits for the maximum protein accumulation in developing soybean seed.

• 약학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2007

It has been reported that sulfur-containing intermediates or products in the transsulfuration pathway including S-adenosylmethionine, 5'-methylthioadenosine, glutathione and taurine can prevent liver injury mediated by inflammation response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. The present study examines the modulation of hepatic metabolism of sulfur amino acid in a model of acute sepsis induced by LPS treatment (5 mg/kg, iv). Serum TNF-alpha and hepatotoxic parameters were significantly increased in rats treated with LPS, indicating that LPS results in sepsis at the doses used in this study. LPS also induced oxidative stress determined by increases in malondialdehyde levels and decreases in total oxy-radical scavenging capacities. Hepatic methionine and glutathione concentrations were decreased, but S-adenosylho-mocysteine, cystathionine, cysteine, hypotaurine and taurine concentrations were increased. Hepatic protein expression of methionine adenosyltransferase, cystathionine beta-synthase and cysteine dioxygenase were induced, but gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit levels were decreased. The results show that sepsis activates transsulfuration pathway from methionine to cysteine, suggesting an increased requirement for methionine during sepsis.