• Mycobiology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2014

The fungal genus Suillus Micheli ex S. F. Gray plays important roles in the survival and growth of plant seedlings. Humans have utilized these ectomycorrhizal fungi to enhance the nutrient uptake and defense systems of plants, particularly in the reforestation of coniferous forests. The genus Suillus is easily distinguishable by its distinctive morphological features, although the morphology of the fruiting body does not facilitate reliable interspecies discrimination. On the basis of micro-morphological features and internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis, we found that 51 of 117 Korean Suillus specimens had initially been misidentified. The list of the 12 Suillus species previously recorded in Korea was re-evaluated and revised to only eight distinct species: S. americanus, S. bovinus, S. granulatus, S. grevillei, S. luteus, S. pictus, S. placidus, and S. viscidus. We provide taxonomical descriptions for six of these species from the sample specimens.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2001

We have investigated the secondary metabolites from the mushroom Suillus granulatus. The methanolic extract of fruit body was separated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. TLC and HPLC were also used for the further purification on compounds from the extracts, Nine compounds were finally isolated and their structures were assigned as 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester 5'-deoxy-5'methylthioadenosine. indole-3- carboxlic acid methyl ester indole 3-carboxaldehyde 1,3,5-trihydroxy 7-methylanthraquinone nicotinamide and 3-geranylgeranyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid on the basis of NMR studies.

• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2016

The genets of Suillus granulatus in a Pinus strobus stand ($13m{\times}60m$) were identified using random amplified polymorphic DNA molecular markers and the DNA of mushrooms that fruited for two years, and variations in genet size and distribution were analyzed. From a total of 116 mushrooms, 73 genets were identified and were grouped into three locations. The genets of mushrooms in close proximity differed from each other. The genet sizes varied at any of the three locations. The lengths of the identified genets in the pine stand ranged from 0.09 to 2.90 m. The average number of mushrooms per genet was 1.2 to 2.3, and the percentage of genets that were represented by a single mushroom was 44% to 94%. This variation in the genets of mushrooms in close proximity suggests that the ectomycorrhizal mycelial bodies of S. granulatus propagated sexually by fusing haploid spores derived from the mushrooms gills with below-ground mycelia. Therefore, it is necessary further to investigate the formation of new genets through spores in ectomycorrhizal fungal colonies.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 2007

We investigated the fibrinolytic and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity of 55 wild mushroom methanol extracts. Among them, 14 mushrooms showed fibrinolytic activity. In particular, Amanita virgineoides showed the greatest enzyme activity (3.9 plasmin units/ml) by a fibrin plate assay. The fibrinolytic activities of Suillus pictus and Polypolellus varius were 3.8 plasmin units, and the activity of Gomphus fujisanensis was 2.8 plasmin units. Leccinum extremiorientale and Xerocomus nigromaculatus had the same activity with 2.3 plasmin units. In a ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity test, Lactarius sp. showed the greatest inhibitory activity at 97.3%. The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities of Clitocybe odora, Xerocomus nigromaculatus, Melanoleuca melaleuca, Suillus pictus, and Gyroporus castaneus were 84.3%, 77.9%, 74.6%, 68.7%, and 65.4%, respectively. According to the results, because Suillus pictus and Xerocomus nigromaculatus have strong fibrinolytic and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities, the two mushrooms will be used as materials for the development of new biofunctional food.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.23 no.2 s.73
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• pp.144-152
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• 1995

Through a floral study and resource investigation of Korean mushrooms during the year 1993, five species of Agaricales, Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis (Bull.: Fr.) Sing.; Pholiota brunnescens A.H. Smith & K. Hesler; Coprinus angulatus Peck; Rhodophyllus bisporus Hongo; Suillus viscidipes Hongo and one form of Gasteromycetes, Lysurus mokusin (L.: Pers.) Fr.f. sinensis (Lloyd) Kobayashi, were found and described new to Korean flora. Pseudoclitocybe is described as an unrecorded genus to Korea. The color names cited are from Kornerup & Wanscher's Methuen Handbook of Colour (1984). All the specimens are deposited in the RDAGB's and ASIK's herbarium.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.149-159
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• 2013

The nitrogen source-requirement and preference of ectomycorrhizal fungi (42 strains belong to 13 genera) collected from Korean forests were investigated by incubating mycelial cells in four nitrogen source test media for 56 days. The nitrogen requirement was relatively high in five strains (Heimioporus japonicas (KFRI 1224), Suillus luteus (KFRI 1232), Tylopilus castaneiceps (KFRI 1383), Suillus granulates (KFRI 1997), Rhizopogon sp. (KFRI 1434)) in comparison with other strains. Forty-five percent of ectomycorrhizal strains including Boletus griseus (KFRI 1362) preferred the ammonium-form of inorganic nitrogen source for mycelial growth, whereas thirty-six percent of tested strains including Suillus grevillei (KFRI 1125) preferred the nitrate-form as an inorganic nitrogen source.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.319-327
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• 1993

The objectives of this study were to isolate ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with roots of Pinus rigida ${\times}$ P. taeda trees planted in Chonbuk and Daejon locations and to identify them, and to observe the morphology of mycorrhizae formed by the isolated fungi. Pinus rigida ${\times}$ P. taeda seedlings formed ectomycorrhizae with Rhizopogon rubescens, Rhizopogon sp. and Suillus pictus isolated from the roots of mature Pinus rigida ${\times}$ P. taeda trees, Pinus rigida ${\times}$ P. taeda seedlings formed ectomycorrhizae with Pisolithus tinetorius too. The root surface of inoculated seedlings was covered with mycelia, and Hartig net were well developed in those roots. The size of vacuole was small, and the protoplasm was planty in ectomycorrhizal cell, compared to nonmycorrhizal cell. But the size of nuclei are not changed even in ectomycorrhizal cell.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2010

We studied the resistance of Cenococcum geophilum and Suillus granulatus isolates to NaCl during growth under axenic culture conditions. C. geophilum isolates displayed variations in NaCl resistance; mycelial growth of most isolates was inhibited above 200mM. All isolates of S. granulatus were tolerant to high NaCl content.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.96-103
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• 2006

A simple method for identifying of ectomycorrhizal fungi was presented, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) regions of the nuclear ribosormal repeat. The sequences analyzed 6 species, Pisolithus tinctorius, Chroogomphus rutilus, Leucogyrophana pinastri, Suillus granulatus, Lactarius laeticolorus, and Suillus bovinus at hongreung forest, and analysed 10 species, Craterellus lutescens, Thelephoroid mycorrhizal, Lactarius quieticolor, Tricholoma matsutake, Lactarius chrysorrheus, Sarcodon aspratus, Russula versicolor, Suillus luteus, Tricholoma terreum, and Amanita vaginata at hongcheon forest. Finally, the amplification by PCR with ITS1-ITS4 primers offers good results over classical identification for ectomycorrhizal fungi species.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1423-1428
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• 2014

Iso-suillin, a natural product isolated from Suillus luteus, has been shown to inhibit the growth of some cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanisms of action of this compound are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate how iso-suillin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in a human hepatoma cell line (SMMC-7721). We demonstrated the effects of iso-suillin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells, with no apparent toxicity in normal human lymphocytes, using colony formation assays and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of $G_1$ phase-regulated and apoptosis-associated protein levels in iso-suillin treated SMMC-7721 cells. The results indicated that iso-suillin significantly decreased viability, induced $G_1$ phase arrest and triggered apoptosis in SMMC-7721cells. Taken together, these results suggest the potential of iso-suillin as a candidate for liver cancer treatment.