• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.103-108
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this survey was to assess the satisfaction of patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain with physical therapy (PT) in Busan, Daegu, and Kyeongsang provinces using a Korean-language version of the patient satisfaction questionnaire with physical therapy service (PSPT). Methods: A total of 654 patients, having PT for their musculoskeletal pains, participated. Consenting subjects completed a 20-item PSPT on their $6^{th}$ or last treatment day. Simple descriptive statistics were used for respondent characteristics, and mean of satisfaction score in each item. Regression analysis was performed on each item of the questionnaire. Results: 654 subjects responded during or after their PT services. 297 (45.5%) of them were male and the most common site of pain was the spine. The mean of each item score (1-5) ranged from 2.14 for "my therapist did not listen to my concerns" to 4.12 for "my therapist treated me respectfully". Receptionist's attitude, registration process, service time of the hospital, and answer to the patient's questions greatly affected the general satisfaction of the respondents. Conclusion: The results showed high levels of satisfaction to the general process for obtaining treatment as well as the therapist's attitudes toward their patients. They may provide valuable patients' feedback regarding PT service for musculoskeletal pain. Therefore, it may be used by physical therapists to improve future patient experiences with a view to improving the patient's attendance and compliance with the PT service protocols for patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2016

Breast cancer is the first or second malignancy among women worldwide. Illness perception (IP) and quality of life (QoL) are major issues considering breast cancer management. An attempt was here made to inspect the predictive variables influencing IP and their impact on QoL in cancer patients. The key predictors adapted from previous studies including life satisfaction, perceived social support, self-esteem, hope, optimism, and spiritual well being were taken into account. Our sample included 200 female volunteers suffering from breast cancer applying exclusion criteria. The data were collected using various questionnaires and statistically analyzed by means of path analysis and structural equation modeling. The results revealed that of the six predictors, spiritual well being and social support had direct effects on QoL and IP. The only path with significant indirect correlation with IP was social support. Spiritual well being had the second significant direct effect on IP. Self-esteem occupied the third rank in direct effects on both QoL and IP. In conclusion, here in Iran and most likely in other strongly religious communities, spiritual intervention is an effective strategy to raise QoL. Also social support helps women suffering from breast cancer to experience better conception and coping strategies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1225-1233
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• 2015

This study aims to clarify the psychosocial reactions of female patients with gynecological cancer undergoing chemotherapy and in the process of suffering from alopecia and to examine their nursing support. The target group comprised female patients who had received two or more cycles of chemotherapy, were suffering from alopecia, and were aged 30-65. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews, conducted from the time the patients were informed by their doctors that they might experience alopecia due to chemotherapy to the time they actually experienced alopecia and until they were able to accept the change. Inductive qualitative analysis was employed to close in on the subjective experiences of the cancer patients. The results showed the existence of six phases in the psychosocial reactions in the process of alopecia: phase one was the reaction after the doctor's explanation; phase two was the reaction when the hair starts to fall out; phase three was the reaction when the hair starts to intensely fall out; phase four was the reaction when the hair has completely fallen out; phase five was the reaction to behavior for coping with alopecia; and phase six was the reaction to change in interpersonal human relationships. The results also made it clear that there are five types of reaction patterns as follows: 1) treatment priority interpersonal relationship maintenance type; 2) alopecia agitated interpersonal relationship maintenance type; 3) alopecia agitated interpersonal relationship reduction type; 4) alopecia denial interpersonal relationship reduction type; and 5) alopecia denial treatment interruption type. It is important to find out which of the five types the patients belong to early during treatment and provide support so that nursing intervention that suits each individual can be practiced. The purpose of this study is to make clear the process in which patients receiving chemotherapy come to accept alopecia and to examine evidence-based nursing care on patients with strong mental distress from alopecia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.393-398
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• 2007

The present study was carried out to investigate the serum minerals profile in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) suffering from parturient haemoglobinuria (PHU) along with minerals profile of soils and fodders from the disease prone areas and their interrelationships. Serum samples were collected from 60 each of healthy and PHU affected buffaloes randomly selected from field cases. Serum samples were collected from each animal. Fifty composite soil samples were collected where PHU was prevalent. Fifty samples of fodders including leaves and stems being fed to the diseased buffaloes were collected. The difference in the levels of calcium and potassium between upper and lower soil surface of disease prone areas under study were statistically non-significant. The mean values of phosphorous, copper, iron, selenium and molybdenum in upper soil surface were significantly (p<0.05) higher than in lower soil surface. None of the fodders offered to the diseased animals met the dietary requirements of phosphorus and copper whereas none of the fodders was deficient in potassium, iron and selenium rather were having excess of potassium, iron and selenium. The concentration of calcium was adequate in lucerne, berseem, sarson and sorghum, while maize, sugarcane and wheat straw did not meet the required levels for dairy animals. Molybdenum contents in all fodders were adequate to meet the dietary requirements of the dairy buffaloes. Serum phosphorus, copper and selenium were significantly (p<0.001) lower whereas potassium, iron and molybdenum in buffaloes suffering from PHU were significantly (p<0.001) higher than in healthy buffaloes. It was concluded that phosphorous deficient soils play a major role by transferring this deficiency to plants and ultimately reaching to animals where hypophosphataemia is a consistent finding.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effect of Korean medical treatment, specifically Homnis Placenta pharmacopuncture, bee venom injection and Danggwisu-powder, on a patient suffering from a lateral malleolus avulsion fracture. Methods : A 63-year-old female patient suffering from right ankle pain due to lateral malleolus avulsion fracture was treated with Homnis Placenta pharmacopuncture, bee venom injection, and herbal medicine(Danggwisu-powder). from May 20th to June $16^{th}$ of 2015. The change in patientcondition was measured with the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale, the verbal numerical rating scale, and via the ankle's range of motion. Results : After treatment, all obtained results showed improvement. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale increased from 18 to 71, the verbal numerical rating scale changed from 8 to 3, and the ankle's range of motion improved. Conclusions : This study suggests that Korean medical care focused on Homnis Placenta pharmacopuncture, bee venom injection and Danggwisu-powder can be effective to treat lateral malleolus avulsion fracture.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2005

Objectives : The present study attempted to reveal the effects of the combination of Fel Ursi and Bezoar on the improvement of the function of the liver, through examining the effects of Fel Ursi, Bezoar, and Woong-Whang Tang composed of Fel Ursi and Bezoar. Method : Acute hepatitis was induced by galactosamine to rats, and then Fel Ursi, Bezoar Bovis, and Woong-Whang Tang were introjected to measure the influence of serums such as AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, and lipid peroxide of liver tissues which are considered as the index of the function of the liver. Results : 1. Fel Ursi decreased the lipid peroxide of ALT, ${\gamma}FT$, and liver tissue and that of mitochondria in liver tissues of the rats with galactosamine-induced acute hepatitis, but it did not have any significant effect on AST and ALP. 2. Bezoar Bovis decreased the lipid peroxide of AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, and the liver tissues among serum of the rats suffering from acute hapatitis induced by galactosamine, but it did not have any significant effect on that of mitochondria of the liver tissues. 3. Woong-Whang Tang had a significant effects on the lipid peroxide of AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, and the liver tissues, and on the decrease of lipid peroxide of mitochondria, among serum of the rats suffering from acute hapatitis induced by galactosamine. Conclusion : Fel Ursi and Bezoar Bovis were judged to be effective on the acute hepatitis of the liver by galactosamine. In particular, Woong-Whang Tang which was composed of the combination of Fel Ursi and Bezoar Bovis was more efficient in the improvement of the function of the liver and the amount of lipid peroxide than the respective use of Fel Ursi or Bezoar Bovis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.463-466
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• 2009

A swine farm located in the Kyungpook province (designated as farm D that have been suffering from PED for several years was selected to study the etiology and the outbreak pattern of PED by clinical and laboratory examinations. Clinical examination indicated that sows exhibited signs of mastitis resulting in an inadequate transfer of lactogenic immunity against PEDV to newborn piglets. Furthermore, serological tests revealed that all sow groups and their piglets had low levels of anti-PEDV antibody. These data suggest that improper vaccination program has been indeed performed in this farm. Remarkably, despite no symptoms of PED in weaners, the presence of PEDV was identified by RT-PCR from fecal samples of weaning piglets, indicating persistent PEDV circulation in the herd. Based on these results, the following basic control schemes were executed for the control of PEDV circulation in the farm; a) A quick removal of affected pigs and disinfection of affected sheds. b) restructuring of vaccination program and employment of consultant. c) prompt treatment of mastitis and removal of poor lactogenic sows, and d) enhancement of biosecurity of farrowing house by acquisition of additional space. We evaluated risk factors and implementation of control measures in two months and were unable to found any case related to PEDV infection. Taken together, our data indicate that the method described above is effective for the control of PED outbreak in farm persistently suffering from PEDV infection.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.329-337
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• 2013

This is a case report of a tracheostomized 80-year-old man suffering from sputum after stroke. His symptoms were watery sputum production requiring frequent sputum suction. The subject was diagnosed as having a deficiency of spleen qi and was treated with Gami-ijung-tang, Yukgunja-tang, Soeumin Bojungikgi-tang, and Ijin-tang extract in the herbal prescription known to dispell Dam-eum (phlegm-retained fluid). Frequency of ssputum suction and condition of sputum were checked everyday. Gamiijung-tang, Soeumin Bojungikgi-tang with Ijin-tang extract led to improvement by reducing sputum secretion. There were limitations on frequency of suction and condition of sputum which were thought to be derived from tracheostomy, however. Consequently, pathology and treatment of sputum will be different whether tracheostomy was performed or not.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine the population-attributable risk (PAR) and estimate the total medical expenditure of the Korean National Health Insurance (KNHI) due to smoking. Methods : We used data from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study of 1,178,138 Koreans aged 30 to 95. These data were available from 1992 to 2003 and covered a long-term follow-up period among the Korean population. Results : The total medical expenditure of KNHI related to smoking increased by 27% from $324.9 million in 1999 to $413.7 million in 2003. By specific diseases, smoking-attributable KNHI medical expenditure was the highest for lung cancer ($74.2 million), followed by stroke ($65.3 million), COPD ($50.1 million), CHO ($49 million) and stomach cancer ($30 million). A total of 1.3 million KNHI patients were suffering from smoking-related diseases in 2003. We predicted rises in total KNHI medical expenditure related to smoking to $675.1 million (63% increase compared with that of 2003) and in the total number of KNHI patients suffering from smoking-related diseases to about 2.6million (an approximate 100% increase compared with those in 2003) in 2015. Conclusions : We found a substantial economic burden related to the high smoking prevalence in South Korea.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.40-52
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• 2002

This study was conducted to describe disease characteristics, psycho-social factors and treatment behavior of patients with lupus and to analyze relationships anions these variables. The subjects were consisted of 120 lupus patients at G university hospital in Seoul. Data were collected by means of structured interview with questionnaires, and analyzed by using frequencies, $x^2$test, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation. The results were as follows; 1. The average age of the subjects was 31.34 years and average duration of suffering lupus was about 7.3years. Severity of symptoms was moderate and the disturbance of living activities was at the very low level. 2. Self-efficacy score of lupus patients was high, and life satisfaction was at moderate level. 3. Dosage for most of the subjects was about twice a day. 16.7% of them took non-prescribed medicine and only 27.5% perform exercise. 4. Positive correlation was shown among symptom, discomfort of living activities, self-efficacy and life satisfaction, while there was negative correlation among symptom and self-efficacy, symptom and life satisfaction, discomfort of living activities and self-efficacy, and discomfort of living activities and life satisfaction. In addition, exercise showed significant relationship with discomfort of living activities, and non-prescribed medicine showed significant relationship with discomfort of living activities and self-efficacy. These results show that lupus is a chronic disease of long suffering duration among young people. Severity of the symptom was at modest level, while discomfort of living activities were relatively insignificant. However self-efficacy was relatively high. Furthermore self-efficacy has influences on symptom and discomfort of life activities, just as exercise affects discomfort of life activities. Therefore it is required to examine further measures for continuous exercise.