• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.791-795
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• 2005

In this study, aluminum borate whisker reinforced Mg-3Al-2Ag-1Zn matrix composites were fabricated by the squeeze infiltration technique. The purpose is to develop materials for elevated temperature applications. Microstructure observation revealed successful fabrication of the metal matrix composites, namely no cast defects such as porosity and matrix/reinforcement interface delamination etc. High temperature hardness and creep rupture properties were improved significantly with addition of Ag to the Al borate whisker reinforced Mg alloy composite. $Mg_3Ag$ phase formed during aging heat treatment could improve creep properties of the Mg matrix composites.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.214-221
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• 2018

Clarification is needed regarding the definitions and classification of groove and hollowness of the infraorbital region depending on the cause, anatomical characteristics, and appearance. Grooves in the infraorbital region can be classified as nasojugal grooves (or folds), tear trough deformities, and palpebromalar grooves; these can be differentiated based on anatomical characteristics. They are caused by the herniation of intraorbital fat, atrophy of the skin and subcutaneous fat, contraction of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi muscle or squinting, and malar bone resorption. Safe and successful treatment requires an optimal choice of filler and treatment method. The choice between a cannula and needle depends on various factors; a needle is better for injections into a subdermal area in a relatively safe plane, while a cannula is recommended for avoiding vascular compromise when injecting filler into a deep fat layer and releasing fibrotic ligamentous structures. The injection of a soft-tissue filler into the subcutaneous fat tissue is recommended for treating mild indentations around the orbital rim and nasojugal region. Reducing the tethering effect of ligamentous structures by undermining using a cannula prior to the filler injection is recommended for treating relatively deep and fine indentations. The treatment of mild prolapse of the intraorbital septal fat or broad flattening of the infraorbital region can be improved by restoring the volume deficiency using a relatively firm filler.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.187-209
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• 2002

The infrastructure system in the United States has been aging faster than the resource available to restore them. Therefore decision for allocating the resources is based in part on the condition of the structural system. This paper proposes to use neural network to predict the overall rating of the structural system because of the successful applications of neural network to other fields which require a "symptom-diagnostic" type relationship. The goal of this paper is to illustrate the potential of using neural network in civil engineering applications and, particularly, in bridge evaluations. Data collected by the Tennessee Department of Transportation were used as "test bed" for the study. Multi-layer feed forward networks were developed using the Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. All the neural networks consisted of at least one hidden layer of neurons. Hyperbolic tangent transfer functions were used in the first hidden layer and log-sigmoid transfer functions were used in the subsequent hidden and output layers. The best performing neural network consisted of three hidden layers. This network contained three neurons in the first hidden layer, two neurons in the second hidden layer and one neuron in the third hidden layer. The neural network performed well based on a target error of 10%. The results of this study indicate that the potential for using neural networks for the evaluation of infrastructure systems is very good.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1976.06a
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• pp.87.3-87
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• 1976

The authors experienced a case of a difficult decannulation in a 4 years old boy, in which. case decannulation was possible 2 years later a tracheostomy. Some immunoglogical phenomena could be considered in this case as though cancer can remiss spontaneously. Such complications of tracheostomy as subglottic edema and perichondritis could become relatively less troublesome to breathing during his aging process. And another reason for the easy decannulation is considered as the patient could be accustomed to breathing through natural air pathway by continual cannula corking training.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.877-886
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• 2019

Brewing with buckwheat as an ingredient has been proven to be successful in several previous studies. However, few studies have focused on the effects of buckwheat on the rutin content and antioxidant activity of beer. In order to develop a lager beer with high rutin content and desirable sensory characteristics, tartary buckwheat malt was used as a brewing adjunct. The results showed that the rutin-degrading enzyme was the key factor affecting the rutin content in the wort and beer. Compared to beer made using the common mashing method, the rutin content in the buckwheat beers produced using an improved mashing method was approximately 60 times higher. The total flavonoid contents in buckwheat beers also depended strongly on the mashing methods, ranging from 530.75 to 1,704.68 mg QE/l. The rutin-rich beers also showed better oxidative stability during forced-aging. Meanwhile, the buckwheat beers were found to be acceptable in terms of the main quality attributes, flavor, and taste.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.55-61
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to obtain basic data for conceptual establishment of sports participation and perceived benefits by considering prior research on the effects of sports participation to derive variables for perceived benefits of sports participants. Research design, data, and methodology: This study used an integrated literature review. A conceptual model is designed with reference to a prior study by adopting a guiding theory. Based on the key words. The literature collection was conducted online, and the reference period for the literature collection was for studies published between 2015 and 2020. Results: First, a total of seven related variables were derived from the literature analysis related to sports participation and physical benefits. Second, a total of six variables were derived from the literature analysis related to sports participation and mental benefits. Third, a total of four related variables were derived through a literature analysis related to sports participation and social benefits. Conclusions: Health fitness, objectified body consciousness, and social body shape anxiety, including body composition, approach physical benefits among perceived benefits through sports participation, and physical self-efficacy and physical self-concepts are related to physical benefits but are also shown to be related to mental benefits. And successful aging is seen to be close to social benefits and related to some mental benefits. Mental and social benefits can be seen as the variables derived from the results being related to the benefits, and more in-depth exploration of perceived benefits is needed.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.391-398
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• 2022

Polyploidization is a process by which cells are induced to possess more than two sets of chromosomes. Although polyploidization is not frequent in mammals, it is closely associated with development and differentiation of specific tissues and organs. The liver is one of the mammalian organs that displays ploidy dynamics in physiological homeostasis during its development. The ratio of polyploid hepatocytes increases significantly in response to hepatic injury from aging, viral infection, iron overload, surgical resection, or metabolic overload, such as that from non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs). One of the unique features of NAFLD is the marked heterogeneity of hepatocyte nuclear size, which is strongly associated with an adverse liver-related outcome, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation, and liver-related death. Thus, hepatic polyploidization has been suggested as a potential driver in the progression of NAFLDs that are involved in the control of the multiple pathogenicity of the diseases. However, the importance of polyploidy in diverse pathophysiological contexts remains elusive. Recently, several studies reported successful improvement of symptoms of NAFLDs by reducing pathological polyploidy or by controlling cell cycle progression in animal models, suggesting that better understanding the mechanisms of pathological hepatic polyploidy may provide insights into the treatment of hepatic disorders.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify relationships among Yangsaeng, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity in the elderly in Korea. Methods: A total of 257 subjects (ranged 60-88 yr of age) was recruited through convenient sampling. Data were collected with a self-reported questionnaire from March 2 through 25, 2009. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/PC WIN 15.0. Results: The level of Yangsaeng was significantly different according to the level of health recognition (p<.05). The level of ADL was differed significantly according to age, successful aging, cohabitation, and health recognition. Physical activity was also significantly different according to age, educational level, cohabitation, (r=.385; p<.05) and health cognition (p<.05). The level of Yangsaeng was significantly correlated with ADL (r=.448) and physical activity (r=.385; p<.05). Conclusions: These findings help in understanding the health status of community-dwelling elders and suggest that promoting the Yangsaeng can be an effective intervention as a health promotion program for the elderly in Korea.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

The aging of Korean society is coming to the fore and its speed is unprecedented. Along with the volume rise in the population of the elderly, the rise of the elderly of means and high education stimulates the transition of our focus from "a desire of longevity" to "successful aging". The research objective is to classify groups by the different definitions of disability thinking of the geriatric oral health care. We targeted 34 aged people who live in Pusan Metropolis and analyzed the collected data and classified them into two types. The first type is the 'blunting of taste & oral pain' which is identified as a group. The second type is the 'blunting of taste & lowering quality of life' which is identified as a group. The common positive statements are 'There are some experiences to feel pain on and below tongue, cheek and upper palatine.', 'There are some experiences to feel unsatisfactory life'.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.335-346
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• 2016

This study aimed to review Korean-written and English-written studies on music intervention for older adults in terms of research variables and type of music application. Electronic databases and music-related journals were searched and a total of 40 studies, 19 Korean-written and 21 English-written studies, were included for analysis. The results showed that music intervention studies for older adults began to be conducted in Korea in the late 1990s and have continuously increased thus far, which is similar to studies overseas. Emotional area, especially depression, was targeted the most frequently in both studies in Korea and overseas. While singing of traditional folk song or popular music were applied the most in Korean studies, listening to classical music or relaxing music was primarily observed in studies overseas. While both studies in Korea and overseas used original music frequently, Korean-written studies used live music and showed tendency to select music based on preferences of participants more than studies overseas. These results indicate that growing population of older adults and increased needs for successful aging have been sufficiently reflected in studies on music-based intervention. Cultural and societal factors might affect the differences between studies in Korea and studies overseas. Future studies on music intervention considering cultural and societal needs of this population from multidimensional approach were also suggested.