• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.53-67
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the quality of landslide susceptibility in a landslide-prone area (Jinbu-myeon, Gangwon-do, South Korea) by spatial prediction modeling approach and compare the results obtained. For this goal, a landslide inventory map was prepared mainly based on past historical information and aerial photographs analysis (Daum Map, 2008), as well as some field observation. Altogether, 550 landslides were counted at the whole study area. Among them, 182 landslides are debris flow and each group of landslides was constructed in the inventory map separately. Then, the landslide inventory was randomly selected through Excel; 50% landslide was used for model analysis and the remaining 50% was used for validation purpose. Total 12 contributing factors, such as slope, aspect, curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI), elevation, forest type, forest timber diameter, forest crown density, geology, landuse, soil depth, and soil drainage were used in the analysis. Moreover, to find out the co-relation between landslide causative factors and incidents landslide, pixels were divided into several classes and frequency ratio for individual class was extracted. Eventually, six landslide susceptibility maps were constructed using the Bayesian Predictive Discriminant (BPD), Empirical Likelihood Ratio (ELR), and Linear Regression Method (LRM) models based on different category dada. Finally, in the cross validation process, landslide susceptibility map was plotted with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) and tried to extract success rate curve. The result showed that Bayesian, likelihood and linear models were of 85.52%, 85.23%, and 83.49% accuracy respectively for total data. Subsequently, in the category of debris flow landslide, results are little better compare with total data and its contained 86.33%, 85.53% and 84.17% accuracy. It means all three models were reasonable methods for landslide susceptibility analysis. The models have proved to produce reliable predictions for regional spatial planning or land-use planning.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.287-292
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• 2009

The clinical use of several endosseous oral implants designs has become highly predictable in recent decades. Implant success critically depends both on the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the prospective host site and on the quality of the local bone. Implants shorter than 10 mm can be a long-term solution for sites with limited bone height. This article describes theoretical characteristics and clinical outcome of short implants through a medline search. When surgical preparation is related to bone density, textured-surfaced implants are employed, operators' surgical skills are developed, and indications for implant treatment duly considered, the survival rates for short implants has been found to be comparable with those obtained with longer implants.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

This study analyzed the relativity between block stream and talus distributions by employing a likelihood ratio approach. Possible distribution sites for each debris slope landform were extracted by applying a spatial integration model, in which we combined fuzzy set model, Bayesian predictive model, and logistic regression model. Moreover, to verify model performance, a success rate curve was prepared by cross-validation. The results showed that elevation, slope, curvature, topographic wetness index, geology, soil drainage, and soil depth were closely related to the debris slope landform sites. In addition, all spatial integration models displayed an accuracy of over 90%. The accuracy of the distribution potential area map of the block stream was highest in the logistic regression model (93.79%). Eventually, the accuracy of the distribution potential area map of the talus was also highest in the logistic regression model (97.02%). We expect that the present results will provide essential data and propose methodologies to improve the performance of efficient and systematic micro-landform studies. Moreover, our research will potentially help to enhance field research and topographic resource management.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.468-479
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the use of the respiratory rate oxygenation (ROX) index, ROX-heart rate (ROX-HR) index, and saturation of percutaneous oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (SF ratio) to predict weaning from high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in patients with respiratory distress in a pediatric intensive care unit. Methods: A total of 107 children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit were enrolled in the study between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021. Data on clinical and personal information, ROX index, ROX-HR index, and SF ratio were collected from nursing records. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test, χ² test, Mann-Whitney U test, and area under the curve (AUC). Results: Seventy-five (70.1%) patients were successfully weaned from HFNC, while 32 (29.9%) failed. Considering specificity and sensitivity, the optimal cut off points for predicting treatment success and failure of HFNC oxygen therapy were 6.88 and 10.16 (ROX index), 5.23 and 8.61 (ROX-HR index), and 198.75 and 353.15 (SF ratio), respectively. The measurement of time showed that the most significant AUC was 1 hour before HFNC interruption. Conclusion: The ROX index, ROX-HR index, and SF ratio appear to be promising tools for the early prediction of treatment success or failure in patients initiated on HFNC for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Nurses caring for critically ill pediatric patients should closely observe and periodically check their breathing patterns. It is important to continuously monitor three indexes to ensure that ventilation assistance therapy is started at the right time.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2005

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the clinical effect of low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in unexplained recurrent spontaneous aborters (RSA) with elevated peripheral CD56+ natural killer (NK) cell levels and to determine the pre-conceptional NK cell percentage predictive of subsequent successful pregnancy outcome. Materials and Methods: Sixty four cases of unexplained recurrent miscarriage with elevated peripheral NK cells (>15%) were received low dose IVIg infusion at the dosage of 400 mg/Kg/month after confirmation of gestational sac and continued until 20 weeks. The patients were divided into two groups according to the pregnancy outcome: Group I was success of treatment defined as live birth at or after 25 gestational weeks and Group II was failure of treatment. The preconceptional levels of the peripheral blood NK cells were compared between two groups. Results: Fifty-three pregnancies resulted in live births after 25 weeks and 11 resulted in abortion (Overall success rate of IVIG treatment was 82.8%). Preconceptional CD56+ NK cell percentage in group II ($27.4{\pm}1.9%$) was higher than those in group I ($22.3{\pm}0.8%$). By using ROC curve, optimal discrimination between success and failure of treatment was achieved with ${\leq}27%$ of preconceptional NK cell percentage. Conclusion: In RSA patients with elevated NK cells, we suggest that preconceptional peripheral blood CD56+ NK cell level could be a useful marker for predicting successful treatment outcome of low-dose IVIg infusion.

• Acute and Critical Care
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.260-268
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of modified Burns Wean Assessment Program (m-BWAP) scoring at first spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) as a predictor of successful liberation from mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with endotracheal intubation. Methods: Patients requiring MV for more than 72 hours and undergoing more than one SBT in a medical intensive care unit (ICU) were prospectively enrolled over a 3-year period. The m-BWAP score at first SBT was obtained by a critical care nursing practitioner. Results: A total of 103 subjects were included in this study. Their median age was 69 years (range, 22 to 87 years) and 72 subjects (69.9%) were male. The median duration from admission to first SBT was 5 days (range, 3 to 26 days), and the rate of final successful liberation from MV was 84.5% (n=87). In the total group of patients, the successful liberation from MV group at first SBT (n=65) had significantly higher m-BWAP scores than did the unsuccessful group (median, 60; range, 43 to 80 vs. median, 53; range, 33 to 70; P<0.001). Also, the area under the m-BWAP curve for predicting successful liberation of MV was 0.748 (95% confidence interval, 0.650 to 0.847), while the cutoff value based on Youden's index was 53 (sensitivity, 76%; specificity, 64%). Conclusions: The present data show that the m-BWAP score represents a good predictor of weaning success in patients with an endotracheal tube in place at first SBT.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of semen parameters in samples used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with fertilization and pregnancy rates in infertile couples. Methods: In this prospective study of Infertile couples with male factor infertility that had undergone ICSI, fractions of the same semen samples obtained for microinjection (to ensure the best predictability) were evaluated to determine the semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) on the day of oocyte recovery. Results: In total, 120 couples completed the study and were subdivided into fertilized (n=87) and non-fertilized couples (n=33). The fertilized couples were further classified into pregnant (n=48) and non-pregnant (n=39) couples. Compared to non-fertilized and non-pregnant couples, fertilized and pregnant couples showed statistically significantly higher sperm viability and percentage of normal sperm morphology, as well as significantly lower sperm DFI values. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of data from the 120 ICSI cycles showed that sperm viability, normal sperm morphology percentages, and sperm DFI were significant prognostic indicators of fertilization at cutoff values of 40%, 7%, and 46%, respectively. A sperm DFI of 46% showed sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 90%, respectively, for predicting fertilization, and no clinical pregnancies occurred in couples with a sperm DFI above 46%. Conclusion: Semen parameters from the ICSI day sample, especially sperm viability, normal morphology, and DFI, had an impact on fertilization and pregnancy outcomes in ICSI cycles.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1079-1087
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• 2018

Binary scalar multiplication which is the main operation of elliptic curve cryptography is vulnerable to the side-channel analysis. Especially, it is vulnerable to the side-channel analysis which uses power consumption and electromagnetic emission patterns. Thus, various countermeasures have been studied. However, they have focused on eliminating patterns of data dependent branches, statistical characteristic according to intermediate values, or the interrelationships between data. No countermeasure have been taken into account for the secure design of the key bit check phase, although the secret scalar bits are directly loaded during that phase. Therefore, in this paper, we demonstrate that we can extract secret scalar bits with 100% success rate using a single power or a single electromagnetic trace by performing key bit-dependent attack on hardware implementation of binary scalar multiplication algorithm. Experiments are focused on the $Montgomery-L{\acute{o}}pez-Dahab$ ladder algorithm protected by scalar randomization. Our attack does not require sophisticated pre-processing and can defeat existing countermeasures using a single-trace. As a result, we propose a countermeasure and suggest that it should be applied.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the semen characteristic, motility and viability and sperm motion characteristic by CASA test for establishing the Jindo-dog's semen freezing system. The results obtained are as follow: 1. The semen was collected 63 times. Average volume of semen, concentration of sperm, total number of sperm, progressive motility and viability were 3.8 $m\ell$ 145.6$\times$10$^{6}$ cells/$m\ell$, 396.2 x10$^{8}$ cells, 79.7% and 89.5%, respectively. Also, Fawn (Yellow) Jindo-dog comparing with White Jindo-dog showed better concentration of sperm, total number of sperm, progressive motility and viability. Among all dogs, the results of No. 2 Fawn Jindo-dog were the best. 2. The average progressive motility and viability of semen from 46 times were 73.5%, 82.3% before freezing and 51.1%, 64.9% after freezing. So, the freezing of semen has affected the progressive motility and viability. The progressive motility and viability of Fawn Jindo-dog's semen, before and after freezing, were better than White Jindo-dog. And No. 2 Fawn Jindo-dog showed the best results and showed significantly different among all dogs (P<0.05). 3. The 44 times-tested .esults by CASA system were as follow; MOT (motility) 65.6%. PROG (progressive motility) 54.8%, VAP (average path velocity) 75.3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/sec, VCL (curve linear velocity) 90.0 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/sec, VSL (straight-line velocity) 69.4 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/sec and ALH (amplitude of lateral head displacement) 4.4 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Although the motion characteristic of frozen semen were not significantly different between White and Fawn Jindo-dog, No. 2 Fawn Jindo-dog showed the best results and was significantly different among all dogs (P<0.05). 4. The success rate of frozen semen production between White and Fawn Jindo-dog were 43% (13/28), 94% (33/35), respectively, and the total success rate was 73% (46/63). The freezing-ability of Fawn Jindo-dog's semen was better than the other. Conclusively, the present results indicated that the characteristic and motility of Jindo-dog') semen were suitable for processing frozen semen, artificial insemination and mass production system. Also, the selection of suitable dog-breed was so important because the characteristic and freezing-ability of semen were significantly different between White and Fawn Jindo-dogs and among all individual dogs.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2012

Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate whether there is any difference in the centration of spherical RGP lens on cornea according to corneal types, corneal astigmatism and lens fitting states. Methods: Spherical RGP lens was fitted on 29 eyes of round-typed cornea and 45 eyes of symmetric bowtie-typed cornea with 0.00~2.75 D of corneal astigmatism in alignment, steep or flat. Their lens centrations on cornea were analyzed by taking photographs. Results: The centration of spherical RGP lens in the vertical direction was decentrated to downward direction in all cases, and the degree of decentration was not consistent. The lens centration in horizontal direction was significantly more-decentrated to the temporal meridian as base curve of lens was increased, and the degree of decentration was different according to the corneal type, corneal astigmatism and fitting states. With the same degree of astigmatism, the lens decentration to the temporal meridian was bigger in round-typed cornea than that in symmetirc bowtie-typed cornea. Conclusions: The centration of spherical RGP lens varies depending on lens fitting states, corneal astigmatism, and corneal types. Thus, the consideration of these factors may improve the success rate in RGP lens prescription.