• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.900-913
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• 1998

Despite of technical difficulties, the combination of occlusal projection and densitometric digital analysis may ultimately provide a means of detection of subtle bone loss at the facial and lingual side of dental implant (Oblique occlusal view is more useful for $ITI^{(R)}$ dental implant due to its contour of shoulder as like tulip flower). In this study, conventional periapical projections of x-ray beam had shown more high sensitivity to detect the bony defects than oblique occlusal projections in alveolar crest obscured by dental implants or not, even if the difference was not statistically significant. Unlike conventional periapical projections. occusal projections combined with densitometric digital analysis technique may provide a means for detection of subtle bone change at the all around of implants without obscuring effect by implant itself. Although the results from this in vitro study were performed under limited circumstances, these results might afford more possibility and versatile modality of diagnosis options to clinician in the implant practice.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.99-105
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• 1992

Visual evaluation of rib shadow and lung marking during high voltage chest radiography. The Purpose of this study is to improvement of visual discrimination of pulmonary structures on the conventional chest radiogram. The author prepared an artificial lung using an acryl plate, 8 cm in thickness, which is nearly equivalent to human lung, and 0.6 cm thickness of an aluminum plate for an artificial rib, and 0.5 cm of an acryl plate as a pulmonary vessel as well. And they were used as objects for experimental radiograms. This study performed with gradual increasing densities of film bases in the sequences of densities of 0.6, 0.9, 1.1 and 1.3. We made two combinations of images after multiple and regular cuts, with width of 1 cm, of 4 radiograms at the above mentioned densities of film bases. One image consisted of alternative combination of radiograms taken at densities of 0.6 and 1.3, and the other did at 0.9 and 1.1. The latter image provided better visual perception of pulmonary structures than the former. Experimental radiograms were also taken with 60 kV and 120 kV respectively. After careful evaluation and comparison to images taken on varieties of different densities with combinations and kV, the author had a conclusion that it is advisable to use a high kV X-ray which makes rib shadow subtle, for better visual delineation of pulmonary structures behind ribcage, eventhough contrast of pulmonary structures are decreased at high kV radiogram.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.77-85
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze the effects that video image in Seo-an's , claiming to China's first gigantic historic dance drama, has on the performance; it focuses on investigating which video image is used to accomplish the effects in showing specific themes and materials in . Image is meant by 'reflection of object', such as movie, television, dictionary, etc, with its coverage being extensive. The root of a word, image', is founded on imitary, signifying specifically and mentally visual representation. In other words, video image is considered combination of two synonymous words, 'video' and 'image'. Video is not just comprehension of traditional art genre, like literary value, theatrical qualities, and artistry of scenario, but wholeness as product, integrating original functions of all kinds of art and connecting subtle image creation of human being. The effects of video image represented in are as followings; first, expressive effect of the connotative meaning, reflecting the spirit of the age and its culture. Second, imaginary identification. Third, transformation scene. Fourth, dramatic interest through immersion. Last but not least, visual effect by dint of dimension of performance.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.107-113
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• 2001

Spinal epidural abscess(SEA) is a rare condition in children. Classic symptoms are spinal ache, root pain, weakness and paralysis. The earliest symptoms of SEA in the pediatric age group are nonspecific and variable. Early diagnosis may be almost impossible when local spinal pain is inconspicuous or absent, when toxic epiphenomena divert attention from subtle signs of neurologic dysfunction and when the patient is an acutely distressed and uncooperative child. Failure to diagnosis and treat condition on a timely basis may lead to permanent neurolgic dysfunction or even death. This infection, usually located in the dorsal epidural space of the mid thoracic or lower lumbar regions, is the result of hematogenous dissemination of bacteria, usually Staphylococci, from foci of infection in the skin, or respiratory or urinary tracts. MRI was the diagnostic method of choice. A combination of antibiotics and surgical drainage remains the treatment of choice. Prognosis is excellent if surgery is performed before the development of neurologic deficit. We report a case of SEA in a child whose first presenting symptom was abdominal pain rather than spinal pain. A case is diagnosed by MRI and successfully treated with laminectomy and drainage and antibiotics.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.361-368
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• 1994

Teratogenic and embryotoxic effects of mercury have been reported, however, there is little information about possible antidotes against mercury exposure during gestation. In order to evaluate therapeutic effects of selenium as an antidote against mercury poisoning, pregnant CD-1 mice were exposed to methylmercury chloride(20ppm) through the drinking water with treatment of sodium selenite (1.0mg, 2.0mg or 3.0mg/kg b.w., subcutaneously) or BAL(5.0mg/kg b.w., subcutaneously) under the single or combination base as the therapeutic agents from day 6 to 15 of gestation. Fetal growth parameters such as body weight and crown-rump length in the mice exposed to mercury, were reduced as was placental weight compared to those in the control. Treatment of selenium(alone, combination with BAL) reduced the harmful effects induced by mercury on the fetal growth parameters even though no specific relationship between dose and therapeutic effect. The incidence of dead fetuses/resorptions and malformed fetuses(especially cleft palate) was also increased in the mercury only treated group. Selenium treatment demonostrated reduced the incidence of abnormal fetuses under the exposure of mercury. Relative maternal organ weights(liver, kidney, spleen) were increased significantly but relative brain weight was decreased as evidenced by decreased in the mercury treated mice compared to that in the control. A subtle indication of maternal mercury toxicity evidenced by changes of relative maternal organ weights, decreased water and feed consumption were also prevented efficiently by selenium treatment. The present study suggests that methylmercuric chloride is embrytoxic and teratogenic in CD-1 mice when exposured during organogenesis and that selenium administration may have therapeutic application for the treatment of mercury poisoning although more applicable study in human should be performed with caution in the future.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.255-277
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• 2011

Product Service System(PSS), which is an integrated combination of product and service, provides new value to customer and makes companies sustainable as well. The objective of this paper draws Critical Successful Factors(CSF) of PSS through multiple case study. First, we review various concepts and types in PSS and Platform business literature currently available on this topic. Second, after investigating various cases with the characteristics of PSS and platform business, we select four cases of 'iPod of Apple', 'Kindle of Amazon', 'Zune of Microsoft', and 'e-book reader of Sony'. Then, the four cases are categorized as successful and failed cases according to criteria of case selection and PSS classification. We consider two methodologies for the case selection, i.e., 'Strategies for the Selection of Samples and Cases' proposed by Bent(2006) and the seven case selection procedures proposed by Jason and John(2008). For case selection, 'Stratified sample and Paradigmatic cases' is adopted as one of several options for sampling. Then, we use the seven case selection procedures such as 'typical', 'diverse', 'extreme', 'deviant', 'influential', 'most-similar', and 'mostdifferent' and among them only three procedures of 'diverse', 'most?similar', and 'most-different' are applied for the case selection. For PSS classification, the eight PSS types, suggested by Tukker(2004), of 'product related', 'advice and consulancy', 'product lease', 'product renting/sharing', 'product pooling', 'activity management', 'pay per service unit', 'functional result' are utilized. We categorize the four selected cases as a product oriented group because the cases not only sell a product, but also offer service needed during the use phase of the product. Then, we analyze the four cases by using cross-case pattern that Eisenhardt(1991) suggested. Eisenhardt(1991) argued that three processes are required for avoiding reaching premature or even false conclusion. The fist step includes selecting categories of dimensions and finding within-group similarities coupled with intergroup difference. In the second process, pairs of cases are selected and listed. The second step forces researchers to find the subtle similarities and differences between cases. The third process is to divide the data by data source. The result of cross-case pattern indicates that the similarities of iPod and Kindle as successful cases are convenient user interface, successful plarform strategy, and rich contents. The differences between the successful cases are that, wheares iPod has been recognized as the culture code, Kindle has implemented a low price as its main strategy. Meanwhile, the similarities of Zune and PRS series as failed cases are lack of sufficient applications and contents. The differences between the failed cases are that, wheares Zune adopted an undifferentiated strategy, PRS series conducted high-price strategy. From the analysis of the cases, we generate three hypotheses. The first hypothesis assumes that a successful PSS system requires convenient user interface. The second hypothesis assumes that a successful PSS system requires a reciprocal(win/win) business model. The third hypothesis assumes that a successful PSS system requires sufficient quantities of applications and contents. To verify the hypotheses, we uses the cross-matching (or pattern matching) methodology. The methodology matches three key words (user interface, reciprocal business model, contents) of the hypotheses to the previous papers related to PSS, digital contents, and Information System (IS). Finally, this paper suggests the three implications from analyzed results. A successful PSS system needs to provide differentiated value for customers such as convenient user interface, e.g., the simple design of iTunes (iPod) and the provision of connection to Kindle Store without any charge. A successful PSS system also requires a mutually benefitable business model as Apple and Amazon implement a policy that provides a reasonable proft sharing for third party. A successful PSS system requires sufficient quantities of applications and contents.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.5-19
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• 2006

Data mining is an information extraction activity to discover hidden facts contained in databases. Using a combination of machine learning, statistical analysis, modeling techniques and database technology, data mining finds patterns and subtle relationships in data and infers rules that allow the prediction of future results. Typical applications include market segmentation, customer profiling, fraud detection, evaluation of retail promotions, and credit risk analysis. Law enforcement agencies deal with mass data to investigate the crime and its amount is increasing due to the development of processing the data by using computer. Now new challenge to discover knowledge in that data is confronted to us. It can be applied in criminal investigation to find offenders by analysis of complex and relational data structures and free texts using their criminal records or statement texts. This study was aimed to evaluate possibile application of data mining and its limitation in practical criminal investigation. Clustering of the criminal cases will be possible in habitual crimes such as fraud and burglary when using data mining to identify the crime pattern. Neural network modelling, one of tools in data mining, can be applied to differentiating suspect's photograph or handwriting with that of convict or criminal profiling. A case study of in practical insurance fraud showed that data mining was useful in organized crimes such as gang, terrorism and money laundering. But the products of data mining in criminal investigation should be cautious for evaluating because data mining just offer a clue instead of conclusion. The legal regulation is needed to control the abuse of law enforcement agencies and to protect personal privacy or human rights.