• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.57-62
• /
• 1990

Many alloplastic materials have been used as the bony substitute in large bony defects caused by fracture, periodontitis, & cyst, etc. Nowadays Hydroxyapatite(HAP) is the most usable material as the bony substitute. The reasonable properties of HAP are nontoxic, biocompatible to host tissues & have osteoconductivity. Other bioceramic materials are recommended as the bony substitute with high success rate. We have studied the clinical use of HAP as the bony substitute in the defected area caused by cyst. The reasonalbe & successful results are obtained. The results were as followed. 1. Better prognosis was obtained in the case of HAP & bone mixed graft than HAP graft only. And the best prognosis was obtained in the case of iliac bone graft. 2. Better prognosis was obtained in Mx. than in Mn. 3. It seems that the soft tissue ingrowth into the HAP granule play an important role in the success of the HAP graft. 4. Though the flap covering the HAP granules was perforated, the relative good prognosis was obtained by re-suturing the perforeated site.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.142-149
• /
• 2013

We aim to monitor vascularization of early bone perfusion following rabbit lumbar intertransverse bone graft fusion surgery using magnetic resonance imaging assessment. Correlation with graft survival status was evaluated by histological method. Experimental animals were randomly divided into three groups and the model was established by operating bilateral lumbar intertransverse bone graft with different types of bone graft substitute material. The lumbar intertransverse area of three groups of rabbits was scanned via MRI. In addition, histological examinations were performed at the $6^{th}$ week after surgery and the quantitative analysis of the osteogenesis in different grafted area was carried out by an image analysis system. The MRI technique can be used for early postoperative evaluation of vascularized bone graft perfusion after transplantation of different bone materials, whereas histological examination allows direct visualization of the osteogenesis process.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.130-132
• /
• 1996

It is well known when porous calcium phosphate ceramics are used as a bone graft substitute, new tissues or blood vessels are grown into the porous implant due to their excellent biocompatibility. In this study, the ${\beta}$-crystalline form of calcium metaphosphate, $Ca(PO_{3})_{2}$ is prepared by the controlled thermolysis of monocalcium phosphate, $Ca(H_{2}PO_{4})_{2}$. The diameter of cylindrical pores formed during cooling was controlled by a holding time at the melting point of a monocalcium phosphate and by the change of a recrystallization temperature, to obtained the most appropriate size (about $200{\mu}m$) of pores. It was observed that the increasing holding time at the melting point of monocalcium phosphate results in the decreases of pore sizes.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.224-230
• /
• 2012

Purpose: Various bone graft materials have been used for periodontal tissue regeneration. Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) is a widely used bone substitute. The current widespread use of DFDBA is based on its potential osteoinductive ability. Due to the lack of verifiable data, the purpose of this study was to assess the osteoinductive activity of different DFDBAs in vitro. Methods: Sarcoma osteogenic (SaOS-2) cells (human osteoblast-like cells) were exposed to 8 mg/mL and 16 mg/mL concentrations of three commercial types of DFDBA: Osseo+, AlloOss, and Cenobone. The effect of these materials on cell proliferation was determined using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The osteoinductive ability was evaluated using alizarin red staining, and the results were confirmed by evaluating osteogenic gene expression using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: In the SaOS-2 cells, an 8 mg/mL concentration of Osseo+ and Cenobone significantly increased cell proliferation in 48 hours after exposure (P<0.001); however, in these two bone materials, the proliferation of cells was significantly decreased after 48 hours of exposure with a 16 mg/mL concentration (P<0.001). The alizarin red staining results demonstrated that the 16 mg/mL concentration of all three tested DFDBA induced complete morphologic differentiation and mineralized nodule production of the SaOS-2 cells. The RT-PCR results revealed osteopontin gene expression at a 16 mg/mL concentration of all three test groups, but not at an 8 mg/mL concentration. Conclusions: These commercial types of DFDBA are capable of decreasing proliferation and increasing osteogenic differentiation of the SaOS-2 cell line and have osteoinductive activity in vitro.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of field-of-view (FOV) size on the gray values derived from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) compared with the Hounsfield unit values from multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scans as the gold standard. Materials and Methods: A radiographic phantom was designed with 4 acrylic cylinders. One cylinder was filled with distilled water, and the other 3 were filled with 3 types of bone substitute: namely, Nanobone, Cenobone, and Cerabone. The phantom was scanned with 2 CBCT systems using 2 different FOV sizes, and 1 MDCT system was used as the gold standard. The mean gray values(MGVs) of each cylinder were calculated in each imaging protocol. Results: In both CBCT systems, significant differences were noted in the MGVs of all materials between the 2 FOV sizes(P<.05) except for Cerabone in the Cranex3D system. Significant differences were found in the MGVs of each material compared with the others in both FOV sizes for each CBCT system. No significant difference was seen between the Cranex3D CBCT system and the MDCT system in the MGVs of bone substitutes on images obtained with a small FOV. Conclusion: The size of the FOV significantly changed the MGVs of all bone substitutes, except for Cerabone in the Cranex3D system. Both CBCT systems had the ability to distinguish the 3 types of bone substitutes based on a comparison of their MGVs. The Cranex3D CBCT system used with a small FOV had a significant correlation with MDCT results.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.301-310
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility and the biorsorbability of several types of calcium polyphosphate made through change of manufacturing process for 12 month. To solve limitation of calcium phosphate, we developed a new ceramic, Calcium Polyphosphate(CPP), and report the biologic response to CPP in extraction sites of beagle dog. Porous CPP blocks were prepared by condensation of anhydrous $Ca(H_2PO_4)_2$ to form non-crystalline $Ca(PO_3)_2$ and then milled to produce CPP powder. CPP powder, CPP block, and CPP granules added with $Na_2O$ were implanted in extraction sockets and histologic observation were performed at 12 months later. Like 3 months results, histologic observation at 12 months revealed that CPP matrix were mingled with and directly apposed to new bone without any adverse tissue reaction, CPP powder show direct bony contact, but new bone formation and fibrous tissue encapsulation showed in CPP block. 10% $Na_2O$ CPP granules show more inflammatory cells infiltration around graft materials compared at 3 month, but 15% $Na_2O$ CPP granules show less. This result revealed that regardless of addition of $Na_2O$, CPP had a high affinity for bone and had been resorbed slowly. From this results, it was suggested that CPP is promising ceramic as a bone substitute and addition of $Na_2O$ help biodegradation but optimal concentration of $Na_2O$ and other additive component to increase degradation rate should be determined in further study.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.155-160
• /
• 2010

In this study, we investigated primary biocompatibility and osteogenic gene expression of porous granular BCP bone substitutes with or without strontium (Sr) doping. In vitro biocompatibility was investigated on fibroblasts like L929 cells and osteoblasts like MG-63 cells using a cell viability assay (MTT) and one cell morphological observation by SEM, respectively. MTT results showed a cell viability percent of L929 fibroblasts, which was higher in Sr-BCP granules (98-101%) than in the non-doped granules (92-96%, p < 0.05). Osteoblasts like MG-63 cells were also found to proliferate better on Sr-doped BCP granules (01-111%) than on the non-doped ones (92-99%, p < 0.05) using an MTT assay. As compared with pure BCP granules, SEM images of MG-63 cells grown on sample surfaces confirmed that cellular spreading, adhesion and proliferation were facilitated by Sr doping on BCP. Active filopodial growth of MG-63 cells was also observed on Sr-doped BCP granules. The cells on Sr-doped BCP granules were well attached and spread out. Gene expression of osteonectin, osteopontin and osteoprotegrin were also evaluated using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which showed that the mRNA phenotypes of these genes were well maintained and expressed in Sr-doped BCP granules. These results suggest that Sr doping in a porous BCP granule can potentially enhance the biocompatibility and bone ingrowth capability of BCP biomaterials.

• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.169-177
• /
• 2020

목적: 요추부 후측방 유합술 시 자가골과 혼합 이식하는 골대체재의 종류에 따른 골유합률을 비교하여 효과적인 혼합 이식 재료를 제시하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 본 연구는 후측방 유합술 시행 후 최소 2년 추시한 환자들을 대상으로 후향적으로 시행하였으며 유합술 시 국소 자가골에 혼합하여 사용한 이식 재료에 따라 네 군으로 분류하였다. I군은 대퇴 골두 동종골을 사용한 48예, II군은 β-tricalcium phosphate를 사용한 38예, III군은 이상인산칼슘을 사용한 92예, IV군은 이상인산칼슘 및 자가 골수를 사용한 38예를 대상으로 하였다. 술 후 2년째 단순 방사선 검사를 추시하여 유합 여부와 임상결과로 판단하였으며, 단순 방사선 소견상 양측 상하 횡돌기간에 뚜렷하게 형성된 골괴와 함께 굴신 방사선 소견상 각 운동 범위가 2도 미만이면서 전위 소견이 보이지 않을 때 유합으로 정의하였다. 결과: 술 후 2년째 단순 방사선을 추시한 결과 이상인산칼슘 및 자가골수를 국소 자가골과 혼합 이식한 IV군에서 가장 높은 유합률을 나타냈다. 결론: 생체흡수성이 높아지고 기계적 강도가 보완된 골전도성 대체재인 이상인산칼슘과 골유도 및 골형성이 가능한 자가 골수의 물질적 특성이 골유합률을 높일 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 요추부 후측방 유합술 시 이상인산칼슘, 자가 골수 및 국소 자가골의 혼합 이식이 자가골 이식을 효과적으로 대체할 수 있는 방법으로 사용될 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2003

목적: 양성 골종양 제거후 발생한 골결손을 골 대체물의 하나인 calcium sulfate를 이용하여 치료하고 그 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 12월부터 2001년 11월까지 18명, 18례의 양성 골종양 환자에 대하여 calcuim sulfate(Osteoset$^{(R)}$:Wright Medical Co. USA)를 골 대체물로 이용하여 치료하였다. 남자 11명, 여자 7명이었으며 평균 연령은 28.4세였다. 모든 예에 대해 골결손 부위를 steoset$^{(R)}$을 이용하여 치료하였고, 자가골과 함께 사용한 경우가 6례, 동종골과 함께 사용한 경우가 2례, Osteoset$^{(R)}$ 단독으로 사용한 경우가 10례이었다. 추시기간은 최단 8개월에서 최장 19개월로 평균 12.3개월이었다. 주기적인 추시에서 관찰된 단순 방사선 사진에서 Osteoset$^{(R)}$의 흡수 정도와 골 생성 정도를 술 후 사진과 비교하여 백분율로 표시하여 관찰하였다. 결과: 술 후 3개월에 92 %의 흡수율을 관찰할 수 있었고, 술 후 6개월에는 89%의 골 생성을 관찰할 수 있었다. Osteoset 단독으로 사용한 경우나 자가골 또는 이종골을 같이 사용한 경우에서 흡수율이나 골 생성에 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 술 전 진단이나 병변 부위에 따른 차이도 발견할 수 없었다. 최종 추시시 특이한 합병증은 없었다. 결론: Calcium sulfate는 생체 적합성이 뛰어나고, 큰 골결손 부위에도 사용할 수 있으며 쉽게 사용 가능하고 골전도 작용이 있는 등의 장점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 양성 종양의 제거시 발생한 골결손의 치료제로, 특히 자가골 이식이 어려운 소아에서 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effects of simultaneous soft and hard tissue augmentation and the addition of polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) on regenerative outcomes. Materials and Methods: In five mongrel dogs, chronic ridge defects were established in both mandibles. Six implants were placed in the mandible, producing buccal dehiscence defects. The implants were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: 1) control: no treatment; 2) GBR: guided bone regeneration (GBR) only; 3) GBR/PDRN: GBR+PDRN application to bone substitute particles; 4) GBR/CTG: GBR+connective tissue grafting (CTG); 5) GBR/VCMX: GBR+soft tissue augmentation using volume stable collagen matrix (VCMX); and 6) group GBR/VCMX/PDRN: GBR+VCMX soaked with PDRN. The healing abutments were connected to the implants to provide additional room for tissue regeneration. Submerged healing was achieved. The animals were euthanized after four months. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were then performed. Results: Healing abutments were gradually exposed during the healing period. Histologically, minimal new bone formation was observed in the dehiscence defects. No specific differences were found between the groups regarding collagen fiber orientation and density in the augmented area. No traces of CTG or VCMX were detected. Histomorphometrically, the mean tissue thickness was greater in the control group than in the other groups above the implant shoulder (IS). Below the IS level, the CTG and PDRN groups exhibited more favorable tissue thickness than the other groups. Conclusion: Failure of submerged healing after tissue augmentation deteriorated the tissue contour. PDRN appears to have a positive effect on soft tissues.