• 치과방사선
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.427-437
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• 1994

Clinical examination, photometric evaluation, & radiographic analysis have been used to evaluate the asymmetry of the face. Commonly used skull radiographs to assess skeletal asymmetry include poatero-anterior cephalometries, submentovertex view, & panoramic view. The purpose of this study is the comparison of the reliance of the postero-anterior cephalometric view, submentovertex view, & panoramic view in the asymmetry evaluation. All measurements were performed on the each radiographs of 31 control group & 30 asymmetric group. The measurements are MSL(midsagittal plane)-Co, MSL-Go, MSL-Me, MSL-Al, MSL-Bl, Mn. Ramus Height(Co-Go), Mn. Body Length(Go-Me), and Total Mn. Length(Co-Me). The results were as follows: 1. The lack of either a right-sided or left-sided asymmetric dominant was found. 2. The postero-anterior cephalometric view & submentovertex view relatively agreed with each other in the result. The postero-anterior cephalometric view & submentovertex view had the clinical reliability & effectiveness in the diagnosis of the skeletal asymmetry(p<0.05). 3. The panoramic view showed more magnification compared to the other radiographs. In the vertical measurements the panoramic view had clinical reliability relatively(p<0.05). But we cannot rely on the horizontal measurements in the panoramic view(p>0.05).

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2000

교정 치료계획을 세우기 전에 부정교합에 기여하는 안면 비대칭의 정도를 정확히 평가하는 것은 무엇보다도 중요하다. 안면 비대칭의 진단은 주로 정모, 이하 두정, 두정 이하 방사선 사진이 이용되고 있다. 이중 이하 두정 방사선 사진은 반복재현성이 벌어지고 연구자료와 적절한 분석방법이 없다는 이유로 많이 사용되지 않고 있다. 이에 이 연구의 목적은 교정환자나 악교정 수술을 요하는 환자의 치료를 위하여 임상적으로 이용할 수 있는 이하 두정 방사선 계측사진의 분석방법을 개발하고 한국 성인에서의 정상치를 얻는데 있다. 연구 대상은 조화를 이루고 균형 잡힌 안모를 가진 교정치료 경험이 없는 40명의 성인을 대상으로 하였으며, 이하 두정 방사선 사진을 촬영하여 2개의 각도계측 항목과 9개의 선 계측항목을 측정하였다. 이하 두정 방사선 사진 분석에서 정상인에서 하악체의 길이는 좌, 우측 차이를 발견할 수 없었으나 정모, 측모 방사선사진의 계측 값과는 큰 차이를 보여, 비대칭의 절대적 양의 측정에는 어느 정도 한계가 있다. 기준선에 대한 좌, 우측 비교는 기준선을 설정하는 방법에 따라 큰 차이를 보였다. 과두의 위치 평가는 f. spinosum을 연결한 선의 수직이등분선을 정중선으로 사용하는 것이 가장 작은 편차를 보였으며, 상, 하악의 skeletal midline과 dental midline의 일치 여부 등을 판단할 때는 crista gli와 anterior process of atlas와 같이 midsagittal line 상에 위치하는 구조물을 이용하여 정중선을 설정하는 것이 가장 작은 편차를 보였다. 그리고 하악 과두 및 하악체의 형태이상을 관찰하는데는 매우 높은 진단적 가치를 가지고 있다. 그러므로 이하 두정방사선사진의 한계를 정확히 이해하고 정모, 측모 두부방사선사진과 함께 비대칭 분석에 이용한다면 보다 정확하게 비대칭 부위와 정도를 측정하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• 치과방사선
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.227-236
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to observe mandibular condyle shape in an asymptomatic population. In order to carry out this study, 96 temporomandibular joints in 48 adults(22 males, 26 females), who were asymptomatic for temporomandibular disturbances and had no history of prosthodontic or orthodontic treatments, were selected, and radiographed using the Sectograph(Denar Co., U.S.A.) for lateral and frontal individualized corrected TMJ tomograph and submentovertex radiograph. Mandibular condyles were classified morphologically, and measured medioateral and anteroposterior dimensions and condylar angulation. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In the classification of condyle shape on lateral tomographs, 94.8% were convex type and 5.2% were angled type. 2. In the classification of condyle shape on frontal tomographs, 45.3% were convex type, 32.0% were round type, 16.0% were flat type, and 6.7% were angled type. 3. In the classification of condyle shape on submentovertex radiographs, 34.5% were flat-convex type, 22.9% were flat-flat type, 20.8% were concave-convex type, 19.8% were convex-convex type, and 1.0% were concave-flat type and convex-flat type. Concave-concave type, convex-concave type, and flat-concave type were not observed. 4. The average mediolateral legth of the condyle was 19.3㎜ and the average anteroposterior length was 9.4㎜. The average angle between the long axis of condyle and the coronal plane made on submentovertex view was 19.6 degrees.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2011

Purpose: The present study examined the reproducibility of an operation plan by comparing the jaw position of STO with the postoperative mandibular set back measurement in sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Methods: Thirty patients with class III dental and skeletal malocclusion and who were treated with BSSRO were reviewed. Three plain radiographs such as the panoramic view, the lateral cephalogram and the submentovertex view were taken before and after operation. Also, paper surgery for STO and model surgery were used to evaluate the amount of mandibular set back. Results: On the panoramic view, the amount of mandibular set back in STO was similar to the postoperative results of model surgery, but the amount of mandibular set back on the lateral cephalogram was smaller than the postoperative result of model surgery and then the amount of set back on submentovertex view was similar to the postoperative result of model surgery. Conclusion: Precise tracing and paper surgery should be performed for a combined expected STO in order to predict the exact amount of preoperative mandibular set back.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.359-367
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• 2004

Purpose: After the surgical correction with sagittal split ramus osteotomy, the position of the mandibular condyle in the glenoid fossa and the proximal segment of the mandible change because of bony gap between proximal and distal segment, especially in case of mandibular setback asymmetrically. In this study, positional changes in the condyle and proximal segment after BSSRO were estimated in the mandibular asymmetry patient by analyzing the in submentovertex view and P-A cephalogram for identification of ideal condylar position during surgery. Patients and Methods: The 20 patients were selected randomly who visit Dankook Dental Hospital for mandibular asymmetry. Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy with rigid fixation was performed and P-A cephalogram and submentovertex view was taken at the time of preoperative, immediate postoperative, 3 month postoperative period. Results: Intercondylar length and transverse condylar angle was increased due to inward rotation of proximal segment and anteromedial rotation of lateral pole of condyle head. The condylar position had a tendency to return to the preoperative state and after 3 months return up to about half of the immediate post-operative changes, and all the results showed more changes in asymmetry patient and deviated part of the mandible. Conclusion: Based on all these results above, surgeon should make efforts to have a precise preoperative analysis and to have a ideal condylar position during rigid fixation after BSSRO.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.324-328
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• 2009

Submentovertex(SMV) projection shows the base of skull, positions of mandibular condyle and zygomatic arches. We would like to investigate how to use SMV and evaluate its availability for the construction of the plan for orthognathic surgery of mandible prognathism and asymmetry. Preoperative Surgical Treatment Objective(STO) using SMV was performed to 12 patients, who visited to Seoul National University Bundang Hospital with chief complaints like mandible prognathism or asymmetry from Dec 2007 to Feb 2009. Surgical splint was made of stone model repositioned according to STO using SMV. We estimate the change in skeletal midline and the stability of occlusion through superposition between preoperative and postoperative SMV. It was effective on the amount of mandible movement and the correction of mandibular asymmetry, while the facial asymmetry involved with maxilla was excluded. It was concluded that STO using SMV is available and predictable method for not only the setback of prognathic mandible but also the correction of mandible asymmetry accurately.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.414-420
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• 1996

방사선 사진상에서의 계측치 자체가 이차원적인 면만을 나타낼수밖에 없어 실제 삼차원적인 구조물인 두개안면부위의 특징을 정확히 묘사하기는 어려움이 있다. 이에 따라 한 평면과 다른 평면을 연계시켜 보다 3차원적인 측면의 많은 연구가 시행되어져 왔으며, 이들 두 평면간의 상호연관성에도 관심이 모아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 부정교합과 밀접한 영향을 가질뿐 아니라, 성장의 변화를 예측할수 있게하고 치료방법,예후 결정등에 중요한 영향을 미치는 안모유형지수와 이하두정 방사선 사진상에서의 여러 계측치간의 상호연관성을 평가하여 보았다. 골격성 ClassI의 양호한 안모를 가진 성인을 대상으로 측모두부방사선사진 이하 두정 방사선계측사진을 촬영하여 이들간의 상관관계를 알아보아 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 과두의 평균경사도에 영향을 주는 요소를 알아보기 위해 FACE,INT-CO-ANG, MN-CORPUS, CON-RATIO, GON-RATIO, MN-RATIO, MX-RATIO를 변수로하여 다중회귀분석 결과, 아래의 회귀 방정식을 얻었다. CON-AVE는 .173(FACE) -0.322 (INT-CO-ANG) +36.34 (GON-RATIO)+0.420(MN-CORPUS)로 나타났다($R^2=.85451$) 2. 안모유형지수에 대해선 아래의 희귀방정식을 얻었다. FACE=.050(CON-ANG)+.023(INT-CO-ANG)-.075(MN-CORPUS) ( 2. 안모유형지수에 대해선 아래의 희귀방정식을 얻었다. FACE=.050(CON-ANG)+.023(INT-CO-ANG)-.075(MN-CORPUS) ($R^2=.31547$) 3. 이하두정 방사선사진상의 계측치들중 MN-CORPUS, CON-RATIO, GON-RATIO, MN-RATIO, MX-RATIO는 서로 밀접한 상관관계를 보였다.(P<0.05) 4. 하악과두의 평균경사도는 우측에선 $23.67^{\circ}$, 좌측에선 $20.71^{\circ}$로 나타났고, 좌,우측값에서 차이를 보이고 있다. FACE : 안모 유형지수. CON-ANG : 하악과두경사도의 평균값. CON-AVE : 좌,우 하악파두경사도의 평균값. INT-CO-ANG : 좌,우 하악과두장축이 이루는 각도. MN-CORPUS : 좌,우Gonion에서 Pog.까지 이은 선에 의해 형성되는 각도. CON-RATIO: intercondylar distance/mandibular body length. GON-RATIO: intergonion distance/mandibular body length. MN-RATIO : intermylohyoid distance/mandibular body length. MX-RATIO: intermaxillary tuberosity distance/ANS-PNS distance.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.249-254
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• 1984

This is a case report of Crouzon's disease as a kind of craniofacial dysostosis by premature closure of unilateral coronal suture, showed plagiocephalic skull. 5-year-old boy was visited for the treatment of dental caries and oral examination. Physical examination showed hypertelorism, internal strabismus, and saddle nose. Intraoral radiographs showed congenital missing of upper right and left deciduous and permanent lateral incisors. Cephalometric analysis showed shortening the posterior cranial base length, clockwise growth pattern and class III and open bite tendency. Posterior-anterior and submentovertex view showed multiple radiolucencies-digital impression on inner surface of cranial vault. Maxillo-facial and neuro-surgical treatment was required to improvement of facial esthetics and optic complications. Continuous examination was needed to the growth and development.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.405-414
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• 1993

Among the radiographs for temporomandibular joint, transcranial radiograph is widely used for screening and diagnosing temporomandibular disorder because it has sharp image and it is easy to take. This study was performed to compare condylar position and image sharpness in standard and individually corrected transcranial radiographs using Accurad-200 headholder. Submentovertex view, Reverse-Towne view, Standard and individually corrected transcranial radiographs of 45 university students who were randomly selected were traced, measured and analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. The means of condylar axes and lateral slopes were $16.8^{\circ}\;and\;22.5^{\circ}$ respectively. There were no differences between male and female or right and left side. 2. Individually corrected radiographs showed smaller posterior joint ,space and larger anterior joint space than standard radiographs, but superior joint space did net show a statistical difference between standard and individually corrected radiographs. 3. While a large number$(42.2\%)$ of the standard radiographs showed concentric condylar position, lots of(57.8) condylar positions were retropositioned in the individually corrected radiographs. 4. The image sharpness was inferior in the individually corrected radiographs to that of the standard radiographs.

• 치과방사선
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.151-162
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• 1987

The author obtained the computed tomograms around the condylar head from 10 normal subjects and 5 patients having clicking condylar head from 10 normal subjects and 5 patients having clicking sound or limitation of mouth opening by using a Hitachi-W 500. And then. the author had the axial analysis of condyle position and sagittal analysis of that after sagittal reformation on centric occlusion and 18㎜ interincisal opening. Transcranial view and submentovertex view were taken and compared with computed tomographic view. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Median angle of long axis of condylar head was 17 degrees on centric occlusion and the angles of long axis of both condylar heads were reduced symmetrically on 18㎜ interincisal opening in normal group. however. in the patient group, the affected side of condyle heads showed greater change in the angle on 18㎜ interincisal opening. 2. In the patient group, the condyle head of affected side was located superiorly to that of normal side on centric occlusion and the discrepancy of condular positional height was increased after 18㎜ interincisal opening. 3. The distances from medial pole of condylar head to triangular fossa of temporal bone were same on both right and left side in normal group, however, in the patient group, the distance of affected side was wider than that of opposite side on centric occusion and became narrower than the opposite side on 18㎜ interincisal opening. 4. The distances of posterior joint space were same on both right and left side. The distance t lateral pole 1/3 of condyle head was similar to that on transcranial view on centric occlusion in normal group. 5. The distances of posterior joint space were narrower in patient group than in normal group. 6. Conclusively, the affected condylar head of patient showed postero-latero-superior displacement on centric occlusion and larger range of rotational movement on 18㎜ interincisal opening.