• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.375-375
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• 2010

CdTe as an absorber material is widely used in thin film solar cells with the heterostructure due to its almost ideal band gap energy of 1.45 eV, high photovoltaic conversion efficiency, low cost and stable performance. The deposition methods and preparation conditions for the fabrication of CdTe are very important for the achievement of high solar cell conversion efficiency. There are some rearranged reports about the deposition methods available for the preparation of CdTe thin films such as close spaced sublimation (CSS), physical vapor deposition (PVD), vacuum evaporation, vapor transport deposition (VTD), closed space vapor transport, electrodeposition, screen printing, spray pyrolysis, metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and RF sputtering. The RF sputtering method for the preparation of CdTe thin films has important advantages in that the thin films can be prepared at low growth temperatures with large-area deposition suitable for mass-production. The authors reported that the optical and electrical properties of CdTe thin film were closely connected by the thickness-uniformity of the film in the previous study [1], which means that the better optical absorbance and the higher carrier concentration could be obtained in the better condition of thickness-uniformity for CdTe thin film. The thickness-uniformity could be controlled and improved by the some process parameters such as vacuum level and RF power in the sputtering process of CdTe thin films. However, there is a limitation to improve the thickness-uniformity only in the preparation process [1]. So it is necessary to introduce the external or additional method for improving the thickness-uniformity of CdTe thin film because the cell size of thin film solar cell will be enlarged. Therefore, the authors firstly applied the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process to improving the thickness-uniformity of CdTe thin films with a G&P POLI-450 CMP polisher [2]. CMP process is the most important process in semiconductor manufacturing processes in order to planarize the surface of the wafer even over 300 mm and to form the copper interconnects with damascene process. Some important CMP characteristics for CdTe were obtained including removal rate (RR), WIWNU%, RMS roughness, and peak-to-valley roughness [2]. With these important results, the CMP process for CdTe thin films was performed to improve the thickness-uniformity of the sputtering-deposited CdTe thin film which had the worst two thickness-uniformities of them. Some optical properties including optical transmittance and absorbance of the CdTe thin films were measured by using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer (Varian Techtron, Cary500scan) in the range of 400 - 800 nm. After CMP process, the thickness-uniformities became better than that of the best condition in the previous sputtering process of CdTe thin films. Consequently, the optical properties were directly affected by the thickness-uniformity of CdTe thin film. The absorbance of CdTe thin films was improved although the thickness of CdTe thin film was not changed.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제31권
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• pp.119-153
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• 2013

There is the commonness between I-Ching of Asian scriptures and Analytic Psychology of C. G. Jung as the conjunction of opposites of yin and yang. I-Ching has the base of the Great Absolute(太極) as yin and yang. Jung's psychology has the basic structure of opposite contents of psyche. The former wants to find the proper answer for the situation as fortune book, the latter realization of personal psyche. At this basis to approach I-Ching through the Analytic Psychology can be connected with the screening its inner system and structure in the frame of depth psychology. Basically I-Ching is the scripture about the good or ill luck, regret and stinginess. All of them are related with the psychology of human beings practically. I-Ching as the main scripture of Asia has the core theme concept of the mean (中). Previously mentioned the good or ill luck, regret and stinginess are included into this as the large view point. The best decision between the given situation and the fortune teller pursues the mean(中) path of both. Jung's psychology also attaches importance to the proper balance among personal conscious, unconscious and his surrounded situations. Goodness is relied on the mean, healthy psyche the harmony with the psychological and real situations of a person. But this balance and mean cannot be achieved without any reason but by the result of the conjunction of opposites. The opposites are the Ch'ien(乾, the Creative, Heaven) and K'un(坤, the Receptive, Earth) as yin and yang in I-Ching and the conscious and unconscious in Jung's psychology. These can be opened to masculine and feminine, psyche and matter, transcendent and existence and casuality and acausal synchronicity. Conjunction of these opposites can develope and create the new conscious and creative situation. Finally yin and yang from the Great Absolute and conscious and unconscious from Self become the opposites and go through necessary step of separation and sublimation for the creation of new level. In the Great Absolute there are yin and yang and yin the latter contains the cyclic process which can make the former renew. Conjunction of opposite in Jung's psychology also go through the similar process as the Great Absolute of yin and yang.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2019

이 연구는 2018년 12월 MMA의 인트로 공연 유튜브 댓글의 텍스트 마이닝을 통해 국내 대중의 반응을 의미화 하는것에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 지난 10개월간 15개의 유튜브 영상에 달린 댓글을 수집하였다. 데이터의 수집은 Python과 BeautifulSoup프로그램을 통해 총 5,135개의 데이터를 크롤링하였고, 총 3차시에 걸쳐 데이터를 정제한 후 최종 5,080의 데이터를 분석자료로 활용하였다. 데이터 분석에는 텍스트 마이닝 기법이 적용되였고, 정제, 분석, 시각화의 모든 과정은 텍스톰(Textom) 프로그램을 이용하였다. 연구결과 키워드 분석에서는 '무대', '한국', '영상', '최고', '멋', '춤', '아이돌', '레전드', '사랑', '감사'등의 키워드 순으로 나타났고, '국뽕'이나 '올림픽'과 같은 키워드도 빈번하게 나타났다. N-gram 분석에서는 '한국의 아이돌 무대 중 전설로 남을법한 최고의 무대', '한국의 전통문화를 보여준 아이돌의 무대'라는 문맥의 댓글이 상위권에 랭킹되었다. 이와같은 키워드 분석결과를 바탕으로 토픽모델링을 적용하여 총 5개의 토픽에서 상위 5개의 키워드를 추출하였다. 토픽의 내용과 분포도를 분석한 결과 이 공연영상에 대한 댓글의 토픽은 크게 '공연무대에 대한 극찬', '한국전통춤을 융합하여 예술적으로 승화시킨 것에 대한 애정', '멋진 춤 영상을 올려준 것에 대한 감사한 마음'으로 크게 3가지의 반응으로 이루진 것을 확인하였다.