• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.65-77
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• 1995

A new gamma camera using a-Si : H photodetectors has been designed for the imaging of heart and other small organs. In this new design the photomultiplier tubes and the position sensing circuitry are replaced by 2-D array of a-Si : H p-i-n pixel photode tectors and readout circuitry which are built on a substrate. Without the photomultiplier tubes this camera is light weight, hence can be made portable. To predict the characteristics and the performance of this new gamma camera we did Monte Carlo simulations. In the simulations 128${\times}$128 imaging array of various pixel sixes were used. $\^$99m/Tc(140keV)and $\^$201/Tl(70keV) were used as radiation sources. From the simulations we could obtain the resolution of the camera and ther overall system, and the blurring effects due to scattering in the phantom. Using the Wiener filter for image processing, restoration of the blurred image could be achieved. Simulation results of a-Si : H based gamma camera were compared with those of a conwentional gamma camera.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.252-256
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• 1998

Accurate mapping of satellite images is one of the most important Parts in many remote sensing applications. Since the position and the attitude of a satellite during image acquisition cannot be determined accurately enough, it is normal to have several hundred meters' ground-mapping errors in the systematically corrected images. The users which require a pixel-level or a sub-pixel level mapping accuracy for high-resolution satellite images must use a number of Ground Control Points (GCPs). In this paper, the performance of two geometric correction algorithms is tested and compared. One is the polynomial warping algorithm which is simple and popular enough to be implemented in most of the commercial satellite image processing software. The other is full camera modelling algorithm using Physical orbit-sensor-Earth geometry which is used in satellite image data receiving, pre-processing and distribution stations. Several criteria were considered for the performance analysis : ultimate correction accuracy, GCP representatibility, number of GCPs required, convergence speed, sensitiveness to inaccurate GCPs, usefulness of the correction results. This paper focuses on the usefulness of the precision correction algorithm for regular image pre-processing operations. This means that not only final correction accuracy but also the number of GCPs and their spatial distribution required for an image correction are important factors. Both correction algorithms were implemented and will be used for the precision correction of KITSAT-3 images.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• 제73권12호
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• pp.1904-1907
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• 2018

We designed a depth-encoding positron emission tomography (PET) detector by using a bottom and side readout method with a cross-arranged scintillator array. To evaluate the characteristics of the novel detector module, we used the DETECT2000 simulation tool to perform the optical photon transport in the crystal array. The detector module consists of an $M(column){\times}N(row)$ cross-arranged crystal array composed of M/3 sub-arrays consisting of $N{\times}3$ crystals. The second column of the sub-array is arranged perpendicular to the first and the third columns. The crystal is optically coupled to the crystals of the other columns; however, the surfaces between the crystals in the same column are treated as reflectors. A $6{\times}5$ crystal array consisting of two sub-arrays was considered for proof of concept. The two multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) arrays are coupled to the bottom and one side of the crystal array, respectively. The x-y position is determined by the bottom MPPC array, and the side MPPC array gives depth information. All pixels in the x-y plane and the z direction were clearly distinguished.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.366-371
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• 2009

A realization for an accurate position detecting system of a moving target in two dimensional plane using dual line CCDs and photometric interpolation is presented. The system is realized that the infrared LEDs are utilized for lighting source, a target size is recognized by the scanned data from CCD owing to blocking the radiated light path by placing the target between CCD and lighting source, a coordinate on the plane is found by plane trigonometry formed by the moving target and two CCD sensors, and the former scan data is used for the coordinate iteratively and the photometric interpolation is applied to sub-pixel of scanned image. The experimental results show that the experiment results in a success rate about 3 different size targets, 3, 5 and 7mmm on the test plane $210{\times}373mm$. The moving target positioning detected success rate is 93% in 3mm target, 5mm is 95.3%, and 7mm is 95.8% respectively. The photometric interpolation is enhanced to 1.5% in comparison to be unused.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2018

This paper presents a precise edge detection algorithm for the critical dimension (CD) measurement of a Thin-Film Transistor Liquid-Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) pattern. The sigmoid surface function is proposed to model the blurred step edge. This model can simultaneously find the position and geometry of the edge precisely. The nonlinear least squares fitting method (Levenberg-Marquardt method) is used to model the image intensity distribution into the proposed sigmoid blurred edge model. The suggested algorithm is verified by comparing the CD measurement repeatability from high-magnified blurry and noisy TFT-LCD images with those from the previous Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) based sub-pixel edge detection algorithm and error function fitting method. The proposed fitting-based edge detection algorithm produces more precise results than the previous method. The suggested algorithm can be applied to in-line precision CD measurement for high-resolution display devices.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2010

Multi-Layer Ceramic Circuit(MLCC) in the face of thousands of fine pitch multi hole is processed. However, the fine pitch multi hole has a size of only a few micrometers. Therefore, in order to curtail the measurement time and reduce error, the image processing measurement method is required. So, we proposed an image processing measurement algorithm which is required to accurately measure the fine pitch multi hole. The proposed algorithm gets image of the fine pitch multi hole, extracts object from the image by morphological process, and extracts the parameters of its position and feature by edge detecting process. In addition, we have used the sub-pixel algorithm to improve accuracy. As a result, the proposed algorithm shows 97% test-retest measurement reliability within 2 ${\mu}m$. We found that the algorithm was wellsuited for measuring the fine pitch multi hole.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2023

반도체 제품의 높은 수율을 달성하기 위해서는 정확한 오버레이 계측이 필수적이다. 오버레이 계측 성능은 오버레이 타깃 설계와 측정 방법에 많은 영향을 받는다. 따라서 오버레이 타깃은 성능 개선을 위해 다양한 타깃에 적용할 수 있는 측정 방법들이 요구된다. 본 연구는 이미지 기반의 오버레이를 측정할 수 있는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 측정 알고리즘은 움직임 벡터를 이용하는 방법으로 서브 픽셀 단위의 위치를 추정할 수 있다. 움직임 벡터는 선택된 영역의 픽셀들을 이용하여 다항식 전개를 통해 2차 방정식의 모델을 생성한다. 그 후 모델을 이용하여 서브픽셀 단위의 위치를 추정할 수 있다. 움직임 벡터를 활용한 측정방법은 X축, Y축의 적층 오류를 각각 계산하는 기존 상관계수 기반의 측정방법과는 달리 한 번에 모든 방향의 적층 오류를 계산할 수 있다. 따라서 X축과 Y축의 관계를 반영하여 보다 정확한 오버레이 측정이 가능하다. 하지만 기존 상관계수 기반의 알고리즘보다 계산량이 증가하기 때문에 더 많은 연산시간이 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 방법보다 개선된 알고리즘을 제시하는 것이 아닌 새로운 측정 방법의 방향을 제안하는 것에 목적을 두고 있다. 실험 결과를 통해 기존 방법과 유사한 정밀도의 측정 결과를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2003

근거리 수치사진측량은 카메라의 취급이 비교적 간단하고 카메라의 노출점을 임의로 결정하여 카메라와 대상물의 관계를 자유로이 조정할 수 있으므로 소규모지역 또는 지상의 대상물을 측정하는데 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 휴대가 간편하고 수치영상의 자체 저장능력을 가진 디지털 카메라를 이용하여 촬영조건의 다양한 변화에 따른 위치오차를 분석하며, 광속 조정을 통하여 높은 정확도의 부화소 좌표를 획득하여 3차원 모니터링을 위한 기초 자료와 근거리 수치 사진측량기법의 국부지역모형생성의 활용방안을 모색하였다.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.67-82
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• 2023

Linear array imaging sensors are widely used in remote sensing satellites. The final products of an imaging sensor can only be used when they are geometrically, radiometrically, and spectrally calibrated. Therefore, at the first stages of sensor design, a detailed calibration procedure must be carefully planned based on the accuracy requirements. In this paper, focusing on inherent optical distortion, a step-by-step procedure for laboratory geometric calibration of a typical push-broom satellite imaging sensor is simulated. The basis of this work is the simulation of a laboratory procedure in which a linear imager mounted on a rotary table captures images of a pin-hole pattern at different angles. By these images and their corresponding pinhole approximation, the correction function is extracted and applied to the raw images to give the corrected ones. The simulation results illustrate that using this approach, the nonlinear effects of distortion can be minimized and therefore the accuracy of the geometric position of this method on the image screen can be improved to better than the order of sub-pixel. On the other hand, the analyses can be used to proper laboratory facility selection based on the imaging sensor specifications and the accuracy.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to reduce Entrance Surface Dose and maintain image quality by changing Source to Image receptor Distance. And we'd like to compare ESD on this study to DRLs in other contries. Materials and Methods : We used indirect DR system(Definium 8000, General Electric, USA)and phantom(ART-200X, Flukebiomedical, USA),glass dosimeters(GD-352M, Asahi Techno Glass, Japan)for this study. The imagies were obtained throuh 80kVp fixed, and different tube currents using AEC mode in $16{\times}16$(inch) field size and changing Source to Image receptor Distance from 100 cm to 130 cm per 10 cm unit. The phantom with attaching 5 glass dosimeters on abdomonal skin was set at supine and erect position as a anterioposterial projection on detector For measuring Entrance Surface Dose. Image analysis was conducted by histograms of Image J(1.46r) which was given from National Institutes of Health(NIH). Results : Due to inverse square law of distance, the tube currents were increasing 42.6 % in supine position and 32.6 % in erect position according to the change of Source to Image receptor Distance. While Entrance Surface Doses were rapidly decreasing 14.2 % in supine position and 29.4 % in erect position according to the change of Source to Image receptor Distance. As the results of histogram using Image J, pixel mean values from 100 cm to 110 cm, 120 cm and 130 cm were decreasing each 1.4%, 2.5%, 2.7%, 4.5%, 2.2 %, 5.8 % in supine, erect position. While standard deviations from 100 cm to 110 cm, 120 cm and 130 cm were increasing each 1.4 %, 2.5 %, 2.5 %, 4.0 %, 2.0 %, 4.9 % Consequently, there are no significant differences in abdomen images taken. Conclusion: As the results described above, we strongly recommend using long Sourceto Image receptor Distance than 100cm that we have been using. So, we should deliver less Entrance Surface Dose to the patients while maintaining image quality in abdomen radiography.