• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 1995

This experiment was aimed to investigate the growth and yield responses of hydroponically grown cucumber as affected by cultural containers and substrates using perlite and mixtures with perlite. Containers used in this experiment were bed and box made of styrofoam, PE film and Wagner pot and substrates used were perlite, peatmoss, rice hull and carbonized rice hull. The results obtained were as follows : Based on the growth and yield responses determined from the leaf area and total fruit weight, bed and box made of styrofoam was considered the best containers among tested for cucumber hydroponics. Recommendable substrates for hydroponically grown cucumber using perlite were evaluated in the order of perlite, perlite with rice hull and perlite with carbonized rice hull in styrofoam bed and box. Increase in marketable yield and decrease in abnormal fruits was observed in the mixed substrates with rice hull or carbonized rice hull when compared to perlite single media.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.490-496
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• 2020

A styrofoam box is used as a simple and easy freezing method to preserve animal semen as a livestock genetic source. This study optimized the methods of freezing chikso brindled cattle semen. To test the freezing box, the motility of spermatozoa was compared between two box sizes (length×width×heigh) with the dimensions of 23.5×30.5×22.5 cm and 25.5×46.5×26.5 cm. The motility of thawed sperm from brindled Korean bulls was used to confirm the efficiency of the freezing boxes. The box having a larger inner space with larger horizontal and height measurements supported better motility after thawing (60.4±5.3% vs 67.2±3.1%) with 10 min of exposure time in liquid nitrogen vapor. The optimized freezing space is estimated to be an essential element for successful freezing results and the larger box could be used for production of more than 60 frozen semen straws. These properties are also helpful to optimize the cryopreservation techniques that would control the quality and quantity of semen straws according to different animal species.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.286-290
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• 2001

Ginger was stored in the 0.05mm and 0.08mm of PE film bags and the styrofoam box. During the ginger storage, weight losses in the PE film bags were effectively supressed than in the control bag, and storage was better in the 0.08mm PE film bag while the spoilage of ginger was higher than in 0.05mm bag. The effective storage temperature was 10$^{\circ}C$ at which was no scouting during the storage. And the perforation in the PE film bag helped the healthy ginger ratio. Single perforation of 6an diameter was good for 0.05mm film and three for 0.08mm film. When CO$_2$absorbent was added into the film bag, the spoilage and mold occurence was lowered. In the styrofoam box, the healthy ginger ratio also increased by incorporating the absorbents, but there were no great differences between activated charcoal and calcium hydroxide.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.670-680
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• 2022

Owing to the lack of a cold-chain distribution system, most seafood is generally distributed under room temperature conditions. However the degradation of freshness during the distribution process can lead to disputes between sellers and consumers. The most widely used method for low-temperature distribution for seafood includes packaging it with styrofoam boxes and cold packs. In this study, vacuum-packed frozen fillets of four fish species of [white meat (Paralichthys olivaceus and Sebastes schlegelii) and red meat (Scomber japonicus and Scomberomorus niphonius)] were placed in styrofoam boxes with cold packs. Thereafter, changes in chemical (including pH, volatile basic nitrogen, and trimethylamine), physical (odor intensity, hardness, and chewiness), and microbial (viable cell count) characteristics of the fillets were measured during storage at 25℃. To identify the suitable method of determining freshness during the room-temperature distribution, several factors were considered, which included significant difference verification, correlation coefficients, and economic efficiency (experimental cost and time). Volatile basic nitrogen, pH, odor intensity, and viable cell count are the most rapid and accurate freshness indicators for determining freshness of frozen fish fillets during.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.818-825
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• 2023

The surge in online seafood consumption has increased parcel delivery, leading to a need to implement effective preservation methods. As the cold chain system is not fully established in Korea, styrofoam boxes and cold packs are commonly used for low-temperature seafood distribution. The impact of cold packs on product preservation depends on the number utilized. Herein, the freshness of vacuum-packed frozen fish fillets (Paralichthys olivaceus and Scomber japonicus) stored at 25±0.5℃ for up to 84 h was measured. Chemical (pH and volatile base nitrogen), microbiological (viable cell count), and physical (odor intensity) properties were assessed using 2 or 4 cold packs in a styrofoam box. Four cold packs yielded lower values, indicating superior freshness, and extended fish freshness by approximately 12 h compared with two cold packs. Therefore, it is recommended to use a minimum of 4 cold packs (-350 g/cold pack) in a styrofoam box for distributing approximately 300 g of frozen fish fillets at room temperature during the summer, considering an average delivery period of 2 days in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.334-341
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• 2013

Studies were carried to evaluated the influence of storage method by temperatures and fillers on yield and quality of seed rhizome in turmeric. Seed rhizome was stored at styrofoam box filled with rice hull and sand (3:1) or vermiculite for 30, 60 and 90 days at different temperatures (5, 10 and $15^{\circ}C$. compared to traditional method (rhizome only). Parameters were obtained for weight loss, cold injury, percentage of decayed in stored rhizome during storage periods. Also, the germination, growth pattern and yield from stored rhizome has been investigated. It was confirmed that storage of turmeric in stored with filled with vermiculite helps in prevention of rhizomes from microbial and fungal attack. The storage of rhizomes in styrofoam box without any filler at low temperature below $10^{\circ}C$. is not advocated due to heavy losses weight and decayed in management of postharvest for turmeric rhizome. Germination percentage, growth pattern and yield was maximum for rhizomes stored at styrofoam box filled with vermiculite for 90 days at $15^{\circ}C$. The paper outlines a brief attempt to assess the efficacy of non-chemical methods including optimal storage method (temperature and filler) of control of decay and moisture losses during storage of turmeric.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.111-116
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• 2019

Thermal insulation performance of new insulation packaging made of recycled PET nonwoven (thickness : 10 mm) was verified by conducting comparative experiment with an EPS box (thickness : 25 mm) and a double wall corrugated box (thickness : 7 mm). Three ice packs (300 g) were positioned 200 mm above the bottom inside each box, all of which are placed side by side and temperature change of 2 points (5mm under middle icepack and 130 mm under middle icepack) was recorded by data logger (GL-840, Graphtec) for 16 hours under the environment of 29℃. The new packaging box showed 75% higher insulation performance than the EPS box and 180% higher than the corrugated box. In order to figure out the reason for insulation performance difference among boxes, thermal conductivities of each box material were measured using heat flow meter (HFM436 lamda, Netzsch). U-value (thermal conductivity divided by thickness) of EPS was lower than recycled pet nonwoven by 57%, which seemed to be opposite to the result of insulation test of boxes. This was explained by high water vapor transmission rate of EPS (6 times higher than PET insulation) and air pocket effect of PET insulation.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.282-285
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to investigate the cost reduction of rhizome through the stable storage of Jiwhang #1(Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch). The growth characteristics of Jiwhang #1 are different from those of local Rehmannia glutinosa L. varieties in Korea. Various storage methods was introduced and analyzed for 120 days. Among storage methods, changes in mean daily temperature in storage location were the least from 7.2 to 13.8$^{\circ}C$ in underground storage, while those were wide in styrofoam box filled with soil, and changes in mean daily relative humidity were the highest 98.2% in underground storage. As the storage period increased, the rhizome brix and the rate of rhizome loss and spoiled rhizome increased. The brix and loss rate of rhizome were higher in net sack filled with hull and styrofoam box filled with hull, but the rate of spoiled rhizome was the greatest in underground storage among storage methods. As the storage period increased, the hardness of rhizome epidermis increased, while that of rhizome endodermis decreased.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2014

Insulation of rooftop is one of the major performance to energy-saving construction. Further, waterproofing performance is also important. For such a reason, it is need to develop waterproofing method containing thermal insulation property. This study was wanted to evaluate thermal insulation performance about the composite waterproofing method of thermal supplement type that is developed recently. As a result of waterproofing performance test, every test item was showed over the performance standards of KS (Korean (Industrial) Standards). And the result of thermal insulation performance test, the highest temperature in the styrofoam box was $25.91^{\circ}C$, the bubble sheet box was $17.28^{\circ}C$, the insulation sheet box was $15.47^{\circ}C$ and the waterproofing sheet box of thermal supplement type was $24.11^{\circ}C$. In observations of thermal bridges of sheet's joint, thermal bridges was not identified at the sheet's joint. As a result, composite waterproofing method of thermal supplement type is interpreted to have thermal insulation performance.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.171-182
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• 1998

Vibration-controlled concrete has been developed by using various concrete mixtures, such as latex, rubber powders, plastic resins and polystyrene(styrofoam). As part of the recycling research of obsolete aged tires and plastic materials, various vibration-reducing mixtures are used for 10 concrete panels having above 200 kg/cm$^2$ in uniaxial compressive strength. Plywood box with sand uniformly saturated by the raining device has been used for the analysis of the impact wave, of which data have been transfered by the FFT technique to comparatively investigate damping ratios of 10 concrete panels.According to wave propagation analysis on vibration-controlled concrete for this research, it can be concluded that Latex concrete has relatively larger damping ratios than those for noncontrolled normal concrete in a similar compressive strength