• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional status of children aged 5 or under and women aged 20 to 34 years between the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and the Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea (DPRK: North Korea). For the source of nutritional status of North Koreans, the DPRK 2004 Nutrition Assessment-Report of Survey Results was used. As the comparable data of South Koreans, the anthropometric data for children and women were obtained from the reports of the Korean Pediatric Society and the Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, respectively. The blood hemoglobin data of South Korean women were obtained from the data file of the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey and analyzed. In regard to the North Korea, the Prevalence of underweight (weight for age Z-score < -2.0) in children under 12 months was about $10\sim15%$, and thereafter progressively increased until 30 to 35 months reaching 30%. In South Korea, the prevalence of underweight was less than 3% in most age groups both in boys and girls. In North Korea, the prevalence of stunting (height for age Z-score < -2.0) reached 20% in children under 12 months and increased with age over the level of 50% in children aged 54 to 59 months. In South Korea, the prevalence of stunting was less than 3% in children under 12 months and was less than 10% throughout the age groups. Maternal protein-energy malnutrition and anemia were assessed for the women aged 20 to 34 years using mid-upper arm circumference (< 22.5 cm) and blood hemoglobin level (< 12g/DL), respectively. The prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition was 39.6%, 30.7%, 31.7% in North Korea and 12.5%, 5.0%, 1.5% in South Korea fir the women in $20\sim24,\;25\sim29,\;30\sim34$ years, respectively. The prevalence of anemia in the North Korean women was about $34\sim36%$ while that in the South Korean women was $15\sim18%$. In conclusion, the disparity of nutritional status in early childhood and maternity between South Korea and North Korea is so huge that active and well-planned nutrition support policy and programs for women and children in North Korea is imperative to prepare for the future unified nation.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1986

수도작(水稻作)에서 사용(使用)되는 담수하(湛水下)의 토양처리형제(土壤處理刑劑)인 아미드계(系)의 pretilachlor 2G와 피라졸계(系)의 pyrazoxyfen 10G와 pyrazolate 10G 및 혼합제(混合劑)인 pyrazoxyfen + pretilachlor(6+1.5)G와 pyrazolate + pretilachlor(6+1.5)G를 약량(藥量)을 달리해서 피(Echinchloa crus-galli)의 제1본(第1本) 엽기(葉期)와 제2본(第2本) 엽기(葉期)에 3cm의 담수심하(湛水深下)에서 처리(處理)하여 제초제(除草劑)의 유사성(類似性)과 혼합제(混合劑)의 약효상승효과(藥效相承效果)를 검정(檢定)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. pretilachlor처리(處理)에 의(依)하여 피의 생육(生育)이 억제(抑制)되어 좌지현상(座止現象)이 일어나고, pyrazoxyfen과 pyraxolate에 의(依)하여 피는 백화현상(白化現象)을 유발(誘發)하였으며 약량(藥量)이 증가(增加)할수록 약효(藥效)가 크고 반응(反應)이 지속적(持續的)이었으며 1엽기처리(葉期處理)와 2엽기(葉期) 처리(處理)가 비슷했다. 2. 혼합제(混合劑)인 pyrazoxyfen + pretilachlor과 pyraxolate + Pretilachlor의 처리(處理)에서는 같은 약량(藥量)의 단제(單劑)에 비(比)하여 약효상승(藥效相承) 효과(效果)가 있었으며 좌지(座止)와 백화현상(白化現象)이 동시(同時)에 나타났다. 3. 피의 1~2엽기(葉期)에서 pretilachlor 45g a.i./10a, pyrazoxyfen 180g a.i./10a, pyrazolate 180g a.i./10a 등(等)의 약량(藥量)까지는 방제효과(防除效果)가 충분(充分)하지 못하나 혼합제(混合劑)인 pyrazoxyfen + pretilachlor와 pyrazolate + pretilachlor는 각각(各各) 150g a.i./10a에서도 피의 방제효과(防除效果)가 좋았다. 4. pyrazoxyfen과 pyrazolate는 피에서 백화현상(白化現象)을 나타내는 정도(程度)와 pretilachlor와 혼합제(混合劑)로써 사용(使用)했을 때 피에 대한 약효상승효과(藥效相乘效果)가 유사(類似)하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.471-476
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• 1996

Blood biochemical and histopathological changes in vital organs of rabbits were studied after 19 wk of feeding composite diets (75 concentrate : 25 roughage) incorporating either urea (2%, wt/wt) ammoniated or alkali (1.5%, wt/wt) treated neem kernel meal (NKM) replacing peanut meal protein of control diet by either 50 or 100%. The blood biochemical constituents (Haemoglobin, Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate amino transferase, Total protein, Blood urea nitrogen &Cholesterol) in rabbits fed on processed NKM diet at either levels, were comparable to the values of thos on control diet except a lowered (p < 0.05) blood glucose concentration in processed NKM fed rabbits as compared to that in control diet fed ones. Histological examination revealed increased goblet cell activity, stunting of jejunal villi, mild tubular degeneration in kidney and hepatic fibro-cellular reaction in rabbits fed on urea ammoniated and alkali treated NKM diets with less marked changes in the latter. Testicular changes with variable degree of disorganization and vacuolation of spermatogonial cells were noticed in rabbits fed higher levels of urea-ammoniated and alkali treated NKM. Thus, alkali treatment and urea-ammoniation were effective in detoxification of meal, but the processing technology is to be further perfected to prevent cumulative effect of residual neem bitters in long term feeding.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.112-115
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• 2010

화학치료와 방사선 치료는 보존적이고 효과적인 항암치료 방법이다. 그러나 악골 및 치아의 성장이 완료되지 않은 성장기 아동의 경우에는 발육 장애를 유발할 수 있다. 환자 의 삶의 질 개선을 위해 이러한 부작용을 예방할 수 있는 방법이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1338-1346
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• 1998

North Korea has been experiencing a serious food shortage. However, the extent and magnitude of malnutrition and health problems are virturally unknown because a nationwide food and nutritional survey has never been conducted. To get a better udnerstanding of the situation., an exhaustive literature search on the health and nutritiona conditions of North Koreans was performed. We also obtained anthropometric data on 274 North Korean Defectors who are recently resettlers in the South. Some(137) measurements were taken at the time of entry to the South, and the remaining data was from the health and nutrition mail survey conducted by us on North Korean refugeee re-settlers. Health and inutritional status of North Koreans was found to be less than desirable as shown in high infant mortality rates, high mortality and morbidity rates of malnutriton-related infectious deseases, and smaller body sizes. Striking differences were noted in all of the above health and nutrition indicators between north and South Koreans. Considering the fact that North and South Koreans are homogeneous in their genetic back-ground, ours study results clearly demonstrate that the health and nutrition of North Koreas has deteriorated with the dhronic food shortage, which might have sorsened with a recent food crissi. The smaller and thinner adult stature proevailing in North Korea could play a significant negative role in the country's economy, since lower lean body mass has been associated with reduced work productivity that could hinder economic growth and development.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.74.2-74
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• 2003

Arabidopsis infected with beet curly top virus (BCTV) has the systemic symptoms like stunting of Plant growth, curling of leaves and shoot tips, and callus induction. The regulation of sucrose metabolism by BCTV infection is essential for obtaining the energy source in the process of virus replication and symptom development. Sucrose metabolism-associated gene expression and biochemical enzyme activity were analyzed with the rossette leaves and inflorescencestems of BCTV infected Arabidopsis by the time course of 1, 7, 14, 21 day postinoculation. The expression of invertase and sucrose synthase genes ( encoding sucrose-cleaving enzymes )was increased and reversely the level of Atkin10a ( sucrose non-fermenting gene ) was decreased, resulting by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The biochemical analysis of invertase and sucrose synthase activity was performed. The activity of neutral invertase in the inflorescence stems was elevated remarkably. The photosynthetic response in the source of sucrose metabolism was consistent with the down-regulation of ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase gene, and lower activity than mock-inoculated plants. The levels of genes pertaining to the cell cycle, hormone, and biotic stress-related pathway showed an increase or a decrease dependent on viral symptoms. Therefore, sucrose sensing by BCTV infection can regulate the expression of sucrose metabolism-related key enzymes such as invertase and Atkin10a, and these gene products might influence to symptom development.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.448-454
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• 1996

본 연구는 자외선-B 조사(照射)가 피나무 유묘의 초기 생장에 미치는 영향을 알고자 수행되었다. 자외선-B는 유묘의 하배축 신장, 수고생장, 잎의 생장 및 엽록소 함량증가를 억제하였다. 이러한 억제 효과는 자외선-B 조사(照射)량이 증가할수록 더욱 높았다. 잎생장 감소 뿐만 아니라 형태적 변화도 나타났으며 엽장의 생장보다 엽폭의 생장이 빠르게 일어난 것이 관찰되었다. 자외선-B 처리를 받은 유묘의 1차엽 또는 2차엽에 변색, 반점, 반짝거림, 위축 또는 오그러듬의 피해증상이 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2005

Among 24 isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonads, 5 isolates named as LPT1, LPT2, LPT3, LPT4 and LPT5 were screened in vitro for their nematicidal activity against cyst forming nematode, Heterodera cajani causing patchiness, poor and stunting growth besides discoloration in Sesamum indicum. Second stage juveniles of H. cajani hatched from egg masses were collected from roots of host plant and subjected to fresh and heat-treated culture filtrate of isolates for 24 h. Mortality of H. cajani was recorded on the basis of parameters used for test organism bioassay. Among these isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPT5 caused maximum mortality towards second stage juvenile of H. cajani in vitro. Five isolates were used as seed coating for the management of cyst forming nematode H. cajani on sesame in green house condition. The strains LPT5 was better than the other strains in reducing the population of H. cajani both in vitro and in vivo. The reduction in cyst and juveniles population was found to be 49 and 60%, respectively when seeds were coated with strain LPT5. Among other strains, LPT4 was also found to inhibit the cyst and juveniles population 12 and 36% respectively. Increases in early vegetative plant growth parameters recorded in both in vitro and in vivo further revealed the significance of indigenous bacteria in comparison to introduced strain.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2006

Two strains of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolated in Kuwait were confirmed their infectivity based on symptomatology and host range on different cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) and squash (Cucurbita pepo). The pattern of symptoms differed for the two CMV strains in tomato and tobacco, showing severe stunting and mosaic symptoms with one strain designated KU2, and almost symptomless with the other strain designated KU1. A satellite RNA 5 (sat-RNA) was found to be associated with the KU1 strain and was characterized as a benign viral satellite RNA. Using reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with sat-RNA specific primers, an amplified PCR product of about 160bp was determined and analyzed by gel electrophoresis. This naturally occurring benign viral satellite RNA was successfully used as a biological control agent to protect tomato plants against the severe KU2 strain. Tomato plants grown in plant-growth chambers, were preinoculated with KU1 containing the benign viral satellite and then challenge inoculated with the severe KU2 strain at different time intervals. All plants challenged three weeks after preinoculation showed nearly complete protection from subsequent infection by the severe strain. This biological control technology using plant viruses was found protective and could be successfully established sooner after the preinoculation.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2019

Avian reovirus (ARV) is the pathogenic agent of tenosynovitis and malabsorption syndrome in broiler, which has caused significant economical losses due to poor feeder efficiency and stunting. In order to determine the prevalence of ARV infection in poultry farms in Jeonbuk province, Korea, we performed a surveillance study by testing 179 cecal samples from 131 broiler farms for virus detection, and 1,181 serum samples from 33 broiler farms (n=292) and 22 broiler breeder farms (n=1,525) for antibody detection in the province. Virological examination using RT-PCR showed that ARV were detected in 26.0% of the tested farms (34/131),with the highest positive rates in broilers of 6 days old or more in summer season. In serological test using ELISA, broiler and broiler breeder farms examined were all ARV antibody positive. In broiler, the positive rate and antibody titers showed a tendency to decrease with age in contrast to those of broiler breeders. Our results indicate that ARV is ubiquitous in broilers and broiler breeders in the province.