• Educational Technology International
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2017

Smart devices have a variety of affordances to foster meaningful learning in elementary school. For the design of smart learning environments, more research is needed to understand students' smart device usage and their perception of learning with smart devices. In order to capture smart device usage profiles among elementary school students in South Korea, this study carried out Latent Profile Analysis with three constructs: information search, communication, and study. Participants (n=253), who ranged from the fourth to the sixth grade students, were classified into three profiles of smart device usage: low-activity, communication, and high-activity groups. The smart device usage profiles varied depending on smartphone usage experience, and the profiles were significantly related with smart device addiction, not with smart device usage ability. Perceptions of smart education were also significantly associated with the profiles. The high-activity group showed more positive attitudes toward smart education than the others, but no significant difference was found in regard to negative attitudes. Based on the findings, this study discussed implications for the use of smart devices in elementary school.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop forensic science program for the improvement of scientific creative problem-solving abilities in gifted elementary-school students. A program that consists of six sessions (18 hours) is developed in accordance with the CPS model, which has been already proven effective for the improvement of creative problem-solving abilities. This program was applied to sixth-grade 18 gifted students in an elementary school in Gyeonggi province. Examinations of scientific creative problem-solving abilities were performed before and after applying the program in order to determine its effect on gifted elementary students. A qualitative analysis of students' activity sheets, peer assessment and teacher's class journal was made in order to examine the process of improvement of students' scientific creative problem-solving abilities. The results of this study are as follows: First, forensic science program to enhance the scientific creative problem-solving abilities of gifted students was developed. Second, forensic science program is significantly effective in the improvement of scientific creative problem-solving abilities of gifted children of elementary school (p<.05). Third, in early stage of the class, a student, who showed the highest range of change in pre and post tests, revealed the trend of responding in a short answer type. In the late stage of the class, he revealed the capability of producing various creative ideas promptly. On the other hand, students belonging to the upper group of both pre and post test revealed the improvement of divergent thinking skills such as fluency, flexibility, and originality. Fourth, after class, the students responded that the forensic science program developed in this study intrigued the interests and curiosities, and helped them break away from fixed ideas.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.503-514
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception on fossil in elementary science 'Earth and Space' domain for elementary school students. For this purpose, the fossil perception inventory was developed. And the fossil perception was examined for random sampling of 5th and 6th grade 635 students. As a result, students chosen incorrect answer of the average 30.8% for questions of fossil perception. Over the average rate of incorrect answers in 20 questions were 8 questions(3 in the definitions for fossil, 2 in the creation of fossil, 2 in the fossil, sedimentary, stratum, 1 in the understanding for fossil). When the results were analyzed by residence and grade, there were significant differences in 7 questions between students in urban and rural areas, and between 5th and 6th students, there were important contrasts in 4 questions. The data that understanding of elementary students fossil can be provided for form the basis planning the teaching method to correct student's scientific concepts in elementary school. The results are also contributed to find an effective way for modify misconceptions of fossils to the scientific concepts.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2007

This study aims at helping us improve the methods used to teach elementary school students how to handle experimental apparatus by examining their manual skills and their understanding of the alcohol lamp, spuit and thermometer. To evaluate their ability to handle each experimental apparatus, a practical skills test and knowledge evaluation sheets were developed. The evaluation was carried out with 270 students from 2 classes each in the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th grade of D Elementary School located in Daejeon City. For their handling ability of the alcohol lamp, the results for the practical skills test showed that the students had a very low ability in placing objects in the center of the apparatus for safe use and also in adjusting the height of the trivet to place objects so that they contact the outer flames correctly. For the spuit, the pass rate of the skills test was generally low in regards to how students should grasp a spuit and the timing and method of depressing the rubber part before dipping it into liquid. For the thermometer, on the other hand, the pass rate was relatively high in every respect. The knowledge evaluation results for the use of experimental apparatus showed a very high rate of correct answers for alcohol lamps and thermometers. The test results for spoils also produced a relatively high rate of correct answers, with the exception of the test item regarding the way that students should grasp them.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2014

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate of pain and spine shape in elementary school students. The aim of this study was to prevent pain and spinal misalignment is to provide basic data and the need for regular screening for elementary school students. METHODS: This study had a survey research about pain and spine shape by using questionnaires and Formetric 4D. Subjects were 301 Elementary School Students RESULTS: In the presence or absence of pain and the presence of pain was in a high proportion and many of them indicated the back as a pain area, As a result of the spine shape contour, pelvic tilt was normal and trunk inclination was asymmetric as well as thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis were diminished. There was a significant difference in relationship of trunk inclination according to pain CONCLUSION: The asymmetric of trunk inclination influenced the pain, In contrast, the pain did not influence thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in diminished. but, the diminution in thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis are potential sources of pain. Regular checkups are necessary to prevent elementary school students from a change of spine shape and a pain, Moreover, education of maintaining normal posture should be followed.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.855-874
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• 2012

본 연구는 초등학교 과학영재학생과 일반학생의 지하수의 개념, 형성과정, 존재 형태와 이동으로 나누어 비교함으로써 초등학교 학생들의 올바른 개념 형성을 위한 기초 자료를 얻고자 하였다. 연구대상은 초등학교 5, 6학년 학생들 65명을 대상으로 공간능력검사를 실시하였으며, 이중에서 과학영재학생 4명, 일반학생 8명을 선정하여 반구조화된 면담 자료와 학생들이 그린 지하수 그림을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 목적에 따른 결론을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 지하수가 무엇이냐는 개념을 묻는 질문에서 공간능력이 높은 초등 과학영재학생들과 중간인 일반학생들은 큰 차이가 없었다. 공간능력이 낮은 수준의 일반학생들일수록 지하수를 상하수도의 개념으로 보는 경향이 있었다. 지하수의 형성과정에 대한 개념에서는 공간능력이 높은 초등학교 영재학생들은 빗물을 비롯해 강물과 호수, 폭포 등 다양한 지표수를 들어가며 설명을 하였고, 공간능력이 보통인 초등학교 일반학생들은 전부 비와 강물만을 언급하여 다양한 공간적인 요인을 설명하지 못하였다. 공간능력이 낮은 초등학교 일반학생들은 비와 강물을 언급하면서 인위적으로 지하수가 형성되었다고 인식하고 있었다. 지하수의 존재 형태에 관한 개념에서는 공간능력이 낮은 초등학교 일반학생일수록 땅속의 흙이나 토양 속에 작은 공극이 존재한다는 공간 지각에 대해서 생각을 하지 못하였다. 공간능력이 높은 초등학교 과학영재 학생들은 공간 지각과 관련하여 공극 사이에 지하수가 존재한다는 것은 알고는 있으나 그것에 대해 구체적으로 언급하지는 못하였다. 지하수의 이동에 대한 개념에서는 공간능력이 낮은 초등학교 일반학생들일수록 지하수의 이동이 없으며, 인위적인 시설을 해야 이동한다는 생각을 갖고 있었다. 그러나 학생들이 공간능력에 따라 공극에 대한 인식의 차이와 그에 따른 지하수의 이동여부에 대한 차이는 있으나 대부분 초등학교 학생들은 지하수에 대한 개념은 과학적 개념과는 다른 개념을 형성하고 있었다. 이는 자연현상 중의 하나인 지하수에 대한 오개념이 형성되었고, 대다수의 초등학교 학생들이 지하수의 개념에 대해 지표 아래 지하수와 그 주변을 이루는 물질사이의 관계를 연결짓지 못하는 것으로 해석된다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.615-623
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyse of the effects on students' leaning types through the Creative Problem Solving Teaching Model in elementary science class. The results of this study were as follows; 1. experimental group in creative problem solving, scientific inquiry skills and academic achievement was higher than control group which was statistically significant (p<.05). 2. for the students' learning type the experimental group was distributed to accommodators (35.7%), divergers (25.0%), convergers (25.0%) and assimilators (14.3%). 3. after the program treatment, assimilator type group students in creative problem solving were higher than other type group students. 4. diverger and assimilator group students in academic achievement, diverger group students in scientific inquiry skills, and accommodator group students in scientific attitude were higher than other groups.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.564-571
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• 2014

This study examined elementary school students' perceptions and acceptances related to kimchi in Jecheon area. This study examined with 388 elementary school students. Demographic characteristics of subjects, perceptions and acceptances related to kimchi were surveyed by self-developed questionnaires. Exactly 54.1% of subjects ate kimchi more than once per day, whereas 2.8% of subjects never ate kimchi. With regard to location, the home showed the highest percentage. Exactly 94.3% of respondents answered that eating kimchi was good for health. For acceptance, 86.9% of respondents answered that they liked kimchi. Reasons for liking kimchi were texture and special taste in order, whereas the most common reason for disliking was spicy taste. Baechu-kimchi (Chinese cabbage kimchi) was highly preferred, whereas pa-kimchi (green onion kimchi) was not. Subjects with an extended family preferred oisobagi (cucumber kimchi). There were significant differences between the groups with balanced dietary habits and unbalanced dietary habits in terms of acceptance for chonggak-kimchi (small radish kimchi), yeolmu-kimchi, kkadugi, mulkimchi (watery kimchi) and oisobagi. Elementary school students in Jecheon area recognized the importance and necessity of kimchi in Korean meals. Exactly 23.7% answered spicy taste as the reason for liking reason while 37.3% answered spicy taste as the reason for disliking. These results suggest that various kinds of kimchi need to be developed for elementary students with different levels of spiciness in addition to continuous nutrition education about balanced dietary behaviors at school and home.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.379-392
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of animation-based instruction on elementary students' level of understanding and interest on a plant's structure and function, using "Magic School Bus(Joanna Cole, Bruce Degen, 1986)". The understanding and interest measurements were administered to 99 fifth grade students at a elementary school located in Seoul. The study examined the changes in understanding and interest through pre-test and post-test of the two groups. Intensive interviews were conducted to find factors that enhance understanding and interest. Three key findings were revealed from the results. First, the animation-based instruction enhanced the level of understanding in the experimental group compared to the control group. Second, animation-based instruction made high-achieving students enhance their interest in topic component and attitude component. And, animation-based instruction did not led low-achieving students to increase their interest in the topic component and attitude component. We suggest that animation-based instruction positively influences students' understanding, but its effects on students' interest are dependent on their conceptual understanding of the topic.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.415-427
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• 2016

This study analyzed the attributes of the conceptions of $3^{rd}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school students on three states of matter and investigated the characteristics of the classified results of various examples of matter by grades. Through discussion activities, we confirmed the stabilization of conception attributions. For this study, 113 participants from two $3^{rd}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school classes were selected. The concentration analysis (C-factor) and normalized gain (G-factor) of the conceptions for the quantitative analysis of the conception changes were used. The elementary school students retained different percentages of the attributes for states of matter. The characteristic of the grades were different between the 3rd grade and other grades. Based on these results, we pointed out the problems with the present teaching methods in science textbooks and stated the advantages of the effects of the representation of mixtures.