• 대한화학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.412-422
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• 2008

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1281-1294
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• 2012

This paper describes the types of models that biology majors use and how they go about making their models in learning key concepts in biology such as the cell membrane, cytoskeleton and cell structure. Initially, a total of 44 biology students from all year levels enrolled in the second semester of calendar year 2008-2009 were asked to make their respective models of the cell membrane, cytoskeleton and cell structure. They were also asked to answer an open-ended questionnaire. Of the 44, only 20 (five from each year level) were randomly selected for a one-on-one interview. Results showed that the student-generated models from all year levels were mostly analogies, some textbook definitions and occasional drawings. In making their model, students first read the text; second, outline similarities in structure and function or both; and third, make the model. Data suggest that models are good diagnostic tools for identifying critical thinking skills of students. In this case, students mostly demonstrate the ability to recognize similarities in structure and function between the concept and their model. Some senior students demonstrated integration and reflective thinking in making their models. Thus, more opportunities for student-generated models must be available if students were to develop integration and reflective thinking in their models.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.507-518
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of verbal analogy activities on science achievement and science attitude of elementary students. Students consolidated lessons by making short sentences with core words that a teacher gave for scaffolding instruction. Many researches about analogies have been conducted in science education. However, most of them considered analogy as learning tools, whereas this research considers analogy as a cognitive process. To see the effects of verbal analogy activities, two groups were selected from 6th grade elementary school students; one was an experimental group working with the student-generated verbal analogy and the other was a control group with teacher-centered and textbook-centered activities. Science achievement, scientific attitudes, attitudes toward science and retention were tested after the treated lessons.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.509-518
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• 2011

이 연구에서는 초등 과학영재교육에서 소집단 비유 만들기의 효과를 학생들이 만든 비유의 유형과 대응 오류, 소집단 비유 만들기에 대한 인식 측면에서 조사했다. 2개 초등학교의 2개 과학영재학급에 소속된 5학년 학생 37명을 선정하여 각각 개별 비유 만들기(IA) 집단(n=19)과 2인 1조의 소집단 비유 만들기(PA) 집단(n=18)으로 배치했다. 두 집단 학생들에게 첫 번째 시간에 포화용액 개념에 대한 실험과 개념 학습을 실시한 후, 두 번째 시간에 그 개념에 대한 비유 만들기 검사를 실시했다. 또한 PA 집단 학생들에게는 소집단 비유 만들기에 대한 인식 검사를 실시했으며, 일부 학생들을 대상으로 이에 대한 심층 면담도 실시했다. 연구 결과, IA 집단보다 PA 집단의 학생들이 글/그림 비유, 구조적/기능적 비유, 부연 비유, 고체계성 비유를 더 많이 만드는 경향이 있었으나, 상황의 작위성(작위적, 일상적)과 추상도(추상적, 구체적) 항목에서는 두 집단 간에 차이가 거의 없었다. IA 집단보다 PA 집단의 학생들이 대응 오류를 더 적게 범했다. PA 집단의 많은 학생들이 소집단 비유 만들기에 대해 다양한 인지적 동기적 측면에서 긍정적으로 인식했으나, 몇 가지 단점을 지적하기도 했다. 이에 대한 교육적 함의를 논했다.