• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2022

This study examined the structural performance of experimental parallel strand lumber (PSL) from a Larch veneer strand. The prototype of PSL from a Larch veneer strand was manufactured in the experimental laboratory and tested. The bending and dowel bearing strength were determined from the modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and dowel bearing strength based on a 5% offset yield load. The test results indicated that the average MOR of PSL was higher than that of 2 × 4 dimension lumber, and the average MOE of PSL was lower than that of 2 × 4 dimension lumber. A linear relationship was observed between the MOR and MOE. The allowable bending stress of PSL was derived as specified in ASTM D2915 and compared with other research. The dowel bearing strength of PSL in parallel to the grain was approximately double that perpendicular to the grain of PSL. A comparison of several theoretical calculations based on each national code for the dowel bearing strength was conducted, and some theoretical equations produced results closer to the experimental results when it was parallel to the grain, but the difference was higher in the case perpendicular to the grain. The test results showed that PSL made with Japanese larch veneer strands appeared to be suitable for a raw material of structural composite lumber (SCL) appeared to be used as a raw material for SCL.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1992년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.111-118
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• 1992

The mechanical behaviors related to the strain rate effect and the tensile strength of high-strength concrete were investigated in this study. For this purpose, concrete cylinder specimens with 4 different compressive strengths from 232kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ to 1113kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ were tested and analysed on the mechanical properties(stress-strain relationship, compressive, modulus of elasticity, strain at peak compressive stress). From this experimental and analytical study, it seems that the current prediction model(ACI) for modulus of rupture need to be refined. Therefore, more refined equations for evaluation tensile strength of concrete are proposed.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.505-521
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• 2009

The analysis of prismatic members made of reinforced concrete under inclined bending, especially the computation of ultimate loads, is a pronounced non-linear problem which is frequently solved by discretizing the stress distribution in the cross-section using interpolation functions. In the approach described in the present contribution the exact analytical stress distribution is used instead. The obtained expressions are integrated by means of a symbolic manipulation package and automatically converted to optimized Fortran code. The direct problem-computation of ultimate internal forces given the position of the neutral axis-is first described. Subsequently, two kinds of inverse problem are treated: the computation of rupture envelops and the dimensioning of reinforcement, given design internal forces. An iterative Newton-Raphson procedure is used. Examples are presented.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.441-444
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• 2001

PVC로 코팅된 폴리에스테르 섬유로 만들어진 지오그리드 보강재에 대해 변형률을 달리하여 단일 또는 다단 크리프 하중단계를 포함한 하중을 연속적으로 작용시킴으로써 그 인장파괴강도를 검토하였다. 연구결과, 동일한 변형률에서 지오그리드의 인장파괴강도는 극한인장파괴가 되기 전에 작용된 웅력이력에 의해서 거의 영향을 받지 않는다. 또한 지오그리드의 설계파단강도는 적정한 변형률하에서 정의되어야 하며, 변형률 속도가 빠른 인장시험을 통해 지오그리드의 설계파단강도를 얻을 경우 이에 대한 보정이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.435-440
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• 2010

The creep life of 9Cr1MoVNb steel, in terms of Larson-Miller parameter(LMP), was evaluated by small punch(SP) creep simulation and verified by uniaxial creep test. By employing the elastoplastic FEM(finite element method), the small punch creep behaviors associated with various friction coefficients were simulated to identify a real friction phenomena. The friction coefficient, ${\mu}$=0.7, determined by comparing deflection history was used in the small punch creep simulation to find the equivalent stresses with which the relationship between punch load and uniaxial creep stress was found. The creep life was then predicted by the LMP, which was the relationship among the rupture time, temperature, and stress. Finally, the LMP calculated by SP-creep simulation was compared with that had computed by the uniaxial creep test and fairly matched LMPs were found.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.2518-2534
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• 1993

Fracture behavior of carbon/epoxy laminates under pin loading is studied experimentally and analytically. Effects of ratios of specimen width to hole diameter and edge distance to hole diameter on bearing strength are investigated. Characteristic length of the laminates obtained using HK model has good agreement with the experimental data. The larger hole size induced, the lower bearing strength is measured under pin loading . The bearing strength and failure mode could be predicted using HK model and Zhangs analytical solution of stress distribution around a pin loaded hole. Chamis' prediction method of bearing strength is also considered to predict failure mode and bearing strength. A modification of Chamis' method is made using the factor of rupturc. The predicted bearing strength by the modified method is reasonably close to the experimental data.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.2122-2129
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• 2002

Creep damage using a reference stress(RS) was analyzed for type 316LN stainless steel. The generalized K-R equation was reconstructed into the RS equation using a critical stress value $\sigma$. The RS equation was derived from the critical stress in failure time $t_f$ instead of material damage parameter $\omega$, which indicates the critical condition of collapse or approach to gross instability of materials during creep. For obtaining the reference stress, a series of creep tests and tensile tests were conducted with at 55$0^{\circ}C$ and $600^{\circ}C$. The stress-time data obtained from creep tests were applied to the RS equations to characterize the creep damage of type 316LN stainless steel. The value of creep constant r with stress levels was about 18 at 55$0^{\circ}C$ and 21 at $600^{\circ}C$. This value was almost similar with r = 24 in the K-R equation, which was obtained by using damage parameter $\omega$. Relationship plots of creep failure strain and life fraction $(t_f /t_r)$ were also obtained with different λ values. The RS equation was therefore more convenient than the generalized K-R equation, because the measuring process to quantify the damage parameter $\omega$ such as voids or micro cracks in crept materials was omitted. The RS method can be easily used by designers and plant operator as a creep design tool.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.177-192
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• 2014

One of the main applications of FRP composites is confining concrete columns. Hence identifying the cyclic and monotonic stress-strain behavior of confined concrete columns and the parameters influencing this behavior is inevitable. Two significant parameters affecting the stress-strain behavior are aspect ratio and corner radius. The present study aims to scrutinize the effects of corner radius and aspect ratio on different aspects of stress-strain behavior of FRP confined concrete specimens (rectangular, square and circular). Hence 44 FRP confined concrete specimens were tested and the results of the tests were investigated. The findings indicated that for specimens with different aspect ratios, the relationship between the ultimate stress and the corner radius is linear and the variations of the ultimate stress versus the corner radius decreases as a result of an increase in aspect ratio. It was also observed that increase of the corner radius results in increase of the compressive strength and ultimate axial strain and increase of the aspect ratio causes an increase of the ultimate axial strain but a decrease of the compressive strength. Investigation of the ultimate condition showed that the FRP hoop rupture strain is smaller in comparison with the one obtained from the tensile coupon test and also the ultimate axial strain and confined concrete strength are smaller when a prism is under monotonic loading. Other important results of this study were, an increase in the axial strain during the early stage of unloading paths and increase of the confining effect of FRP jacket with the increase and decrease of the corner radius and aspect ratio respectively, a decrease in the slope of reloading branches with cycle repetitions and the independence of this trend from the variations of the aspect ratio and corner radius and also quadric relationship between the number of each cycle and the plastic strain of the same cycle as well as the independence of this relationship from the aspect ratio and corner radius.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.933-936
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• 2008

모르타르에 2 %이내의 합성섬유를 혼입함으로써 콘크리트의 수십, 수백 배에 달하는 인장변형률 경화거동을 보이는 ECC가 기존 연구에 의해 개발되었으며, ECC를 구조부재에 사용할 경우, 구조물의 성능개선이 매우 커질 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 ECC를 사용한 구조물을 설계할 때 중요한 요인인 ECC의 인장거동 관계 예측에 대해서는 많은 연구가 이루어지지 않았으며, 특히 보다 실제적인 인장거동 관계를 예측하기 위해서는 섬유분산성 등 실제의 균열면응력-변위 곡선을 고려한 연구가 필요하다. 따라서, 이 연구에서는 ECC의 인장거동 관계를 예측할 수 있는 기법을 제시하였다. ECC의 인장거동 예측방법은 초기균열강도, 인장강도, 인장변형률을 구하는 과정으로 구성되는데, 보다 합리적이고 실제적인 ECC의 인장거동 예측을 위하여 균열면응력에서 가교작용에 기여하는 유효섬유의 개수를 섬유의 기울어진 각도와 섬유사이의 간격에 따라 예측하였다. 또한 극한인장변형률 예측을 위하여 화상처리기법을 사용하였다. ECC의 인장실험결과와의 비교를 통하여 예측방법의 타당성을 평가하였다.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2015

일반적인 입자 기반 유체 폭발 시뮬레이션과는 다르게 탄성을 지닌 유체의 폭발을 시뮬레이션 하는 경우 물질의 사실적인 변형을 표현하기 위한 여러 가지 특수한 방법이 필요하다. 기존 입자 기반의 점탄성체 연구에서는 물체가 힘을 받아 압축이 되었을 때 한계치 이상의 힘을 받으면 변형되는 최대 변형에너지 이론과 물체의 부피가 일정 수준 이상 줄어들었을 때 변형되는 최대 전단응력 이론을 이용하여 진흙이나 페인트 같이 소성변형을 하는 물체의 변형을 다루었지만 실리콘이나 탄성이 강한 고무줄과 같이 한계치 이상의 힘을 받았을 때 여러 부분으로 쪼개지는 취성변형을 표현하지는 못하였다. 본 논문은 물체가 받은 힘을 변형된 길이나 부피로 표현한 기존의 입자 기반 시뮬레이션과 달리, 힘을 받았을 때 물체에 발생하는 최대응력이 물체의 파단응력에 도달하였을 때 항복이 일어난다는 취성 변형에 적합한 쿨롱-모어 이론을 제안한다. 쿨롱-모어 이론을 적용한 강한 탄성을 가진 반유동체가 힘을 받은 경계면이 파단응력에 도달하였을 때 물체가 현실감 있게 파괴되는 과정을 표현할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 반유동체가 지면에 부딪혀 힘을 받았을 때 쿨롱-모어 이론을 적용하여 물체의 파괴를 표현하였다.