• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.79-82
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• 2002

Three-dimensional pipe flows with elbows and tees for few different pipe fittings are calculated to estimate the effect of swirling flow on measuring accuracy of orifice flow meter. It is evaluated how the pressure difference across the orifice is dependent on the length of upstream straight pipe in a branch and how swirl intensity, swirl angel and axial velocity distribution affect the measuring error of orifice flowmeter. From the results, it is found that, regardless of flow rate specified in this calculation, the effect of the straight pipe length can be neglected for the lengths larger than thirty diameters although there still remain significant swirl at the orifice

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.211-217
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• 2006

This study is focused on the analysis of the characteristics of marine HVAC duct. These results will be applied to develope a robot which is for maintaining a cabin comfort, convenience and healthy through HVAC duct. The followings are the results of this study. (1) The evaluated items which proposed by at the view point of robot's function can be adapted to other vessels for the same purpose, (2) For the case of round type duct. the maximized conditions which robot has to have are straight length of 40.152mm, inclination of $45^{\circ}$. horizontal bending of $90^{\circ}$. increasing diameter of 1.28 times, and 0.625 times decreasing diameter in branch. (3) For the case of rectangular type duct. the maximized conditions are straight length of 15.987mm. aspect ratio of 4.17:1, inclination of $18.92^{\circ}$. horizontal bending of $90^{\circ}$, and 0.65 times decreasing diameter in branch.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.38-44
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• 1995

This paper presents a method to measure the position and orientation of a Cylindrical Object(unknown the eiameter and length) lying on a floor, using a camera. The two extreme cross section of the cylinder will be viewed as distorted ellipese or circular are, while its limb edge will be shown as two straight lines. The diameter of the cylinder is determined from the geometric properties of the two straight lines, which in turn provides information regarding the length of the cylinder. From the 3-dimensional measurement, the 3D coordinates of the center points of the two extreme cross sections are determined to give the position and orientation of the cylinder. This method is used for automated pick-and-place operations of cylinder, such as sheet coils, or drums in warehouses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.139-148
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• 1998

This study was performed to develop the flare skirt pattern in CAD system by each of the textile's test. 1 made 28 flare skirts(360$^{\circ}$, length of 60 cm, straight gram at front ST side seam, 28 kind of textiles) and found the changes of skirt length. And I measured thickness, weight, density, drapability and bending in these textiles. Therefore, It analyzed these data and found it regression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.344-355
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• 2011

We conducted experiments to compare the catch rate of bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna between circle hooks and straight shank hook in the Korean tuna longline fishery at the eastern and central Pacific Ocean from 2005 to 2007. We analyzed difference of fork length, survival and hooking location between a circle hook and a straight shank hook for both tunas, respectively. There was no difference in the mean fork length size of yellowfin tuna caught on the two type of hook but bigeye tuna was significant. In case of survival, there was no difference between two hook type, but the difference of hooking location was significant for both species. We also analyzed to find determinants of both tunas catch rate using generalized linear models (GLMs) which were used latitude, longitude, year, month, depth, hook type, bait type and so on as independent variables. Spatial factors, latitude and longitude, and temporal factors, year and month, affected catch rate of bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna. And also, depth such as a marine environment factor was influenced on catch rate.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.947-954
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to find out related factors to obtain the best collar pattern of the women's tailored jacket by analyzing the difference of the shapes between the drafted pattern and that of being stitched. The experimental conditions established are as follows. The position and angle of its break point, the notch and the width of the collar and lapel are kept unchanged. The collar decrease in neckline edge and the top collar larger than the under collar. The crossing point of gorge line is changed to make the collar's roll line straight. When the pattern is changed to make the outline of the lapel straight, the amount of cloth is changed too. According to the experimental conditions, The experimental clothes using muslin were made to. put on the manikin and the suitable methods of making the collar pattern were decided. In order to find out the influence of fabric materials on the jacket' shapes, Three kinds of wool fabrics were used and the results were evaluated. Summary of the research is as follows. When 0.5cm of the neckline edge is shortened, the standing part of the collar has less wrinkles, and its position looks natural and lastly, the material has slightly affected the collar's condition. It is desirable to make the top collar 0.2cm longer than the under collar. But the length should be different according to the fabric material. It it is thick cloth, the length has to be extended. To make the roll line straight, 0.4cm of the crossing point of gorge line should be corrected. The thick cloth needs more correction. To make the lapel's outline straight, it needs outwardly round 0.2cm more and materials make little difference to affect the shape.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.533-541
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• 1993

This study was designed to help to be given esthetics in construction of denture and prosthodontic rehabilitation of anterior tooth region. The author took the facial straight photograph of 100 old aged people(male 50, female 50) above 55 years of age, who have natural teeth in anterior tooth region, in a resting and a smiling position. And the author measured and analyzed the lip shape, the relation between the lip and the teeth and the change of lip length and height when they were smiling. The results of this study were as follows : 1. In the shape of the upper lip, when the upper lip curved downward, it was 53%, straight was 28% and curved upward was 9%. 2. In the relation between the upper lip and the teeth, average smile was 53% , high smile was 26% and low smile was 21%. 3. In the parallel relation between the lower lip and maxillary anterior incisal curvature, the group of straight was 54%, the group of parallel was 40% and the group of reverse was 6%. 4. In the relationship between maxillary anterior incisor and lower lip, the group of not-touching was 92%, the group of touching was 5% and the group of the maxillary anterior incisor were slightly covered by the lower lip was 3%. 5. In the teeth displayed in a smile, displayed to second premolar was 50%, displayed to first molar was 34%, displayed to first premolar was 12%, and displayed to canine and second molar were 2%. 6. At smiling, the width of the mouth was 0.94 times of the interpupillary distance and 0.45 times of the full face width. 7. At smiling, the length of the upper lip was 0.73 times and lower lip was 0.98 times of the length in a resting postion and the width of the mouth corner was 1.19 times of the resting position.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.76-83
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• 2014

This study was carried out an experimental and finite element analysis on the fracture behavior of straight pipes with local wall thinning under internal pressure. Local wall thinning was machined on the pipes in order to simulate erosion/corrosion metal loss. The configurations of the eroded area has an eroded ratio of d/t=0.80~0.92 and an eroded length of l=25, 50 and 102 mm. Three-dimensional elastic-plastic analyses were also carried out using the finite element method, which is able to accurately simulate failure behaviors. In regards to the relation ship between pressure and eroded ratio, the criterion that can be used safely under operating pressure and design pressure were obtained from this calculation. The results of this calculation were in relatively good agreement with that of the experiment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07b
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• pp.826-829
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• 1995

In this paper, the problem of minimum-time trajectory planning of a robot manipulator with an arbitrary path is dealt. As for a straight path, the trajectory planning can be done without difficulty since the path is easily parameterized by its length. However, this is not the case for a non-straight path. In this paper, by noting that the others' joint angles and velocities are determined if one joint's angle and velocity are known, we reduce the problem of trajectory planning on a non-straight path to one in the 2-dimensional space of one joint's angle and velocity. Then, by applying the dynamic programming, we achieve the minimum-time trajectory planning. A simulation is done for verifying this.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.74-84
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• 2007

The flowfield characteristics in a straight rectangular channel have been investigated through a numerical model to analyze the regenerative cooling system that is used in rocket engine cooling. The supercritical hydrogen coolant introduces strong property variations that have a major influence on the developing flow and heat transfer characteristics. Of particular interest is the improved understanding of the physical characteristics of such flows through parametric studies. The approach used is a numerical solution of the full Navier-Stokes equations in the three dimensional form including the arbitrary equation of state and property variations. The present study compares constant and variable property solutions for both laminar and turbulent flow. For laminar flow, the variation of aspect ratio is examined, while for turbulent flow, the effects of variation of channel length and Reynolds number are discussed.