• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.80-85
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• 2004

This study was performed to provide basic quality characteristics data of Kimchi by storage containers that will be applied for Kimchi storage container development of new material. In all storage containers, pH was decreased with increased storage days, while acidity was increased with increased storage days, The changes of pH and acidity by storage containers were alumina < stainless < bio < plastic. Salt content was same to all containers. In all storage containers, reducing sugars of Kimchi at first were 22.65${\pm}$0.04$\^$a/ mg/mL. But as these of alumina, stainless, bio and plastic at storage after 31 days were 11.18${\pm}$0.15$\^$a/ mg/mL, 5.39${\pm}$0.02$\^$b/, 3.74${\pm}$0.10$\^$c/, and 3.14${\pm}$0.02$\^$d/ mg/mL, respectively. The hardness, cohesiveness and gumminess of Kimchi by storage containers decreased with increased storage days. And the changes ratio of these were alumina < stainless < bio < plastic. The desirable organoleptic characteristic such as sourness, fresh cabbage taste and firmness were long time maintained at alumina container A significant evidence was detected that the alumina container showed less quality change than that of bio, stainless and plastic containers as storage days increased.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1392-1397
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• 2009

This study was aimed at developing a low cost cold storage system for agricultural products. Three kinds of slurries: $K_1$, $K_2$, and $K_3$ slurries were developed using phase change materials (PCMs) such as tetradecane, octadecane, and sodium polyacrylate to maintain the desired temperature ranges. The slurries were manufactured by in-situ polymerization. Tetradecane and octadecane were capsulated in a core with melamine at the surface. The thermodynamic characteristics of the slurries were measured and analyzed. The latent heats of the $K_1$, $K_2$, and $K_3$ slurries at the melting points were 206.41, 186.88, and 147.91 kJ/kg, respectively. A transportable cold storage container was built to investigate the performance of the slurries as thermal storage media. The temperatures at the insides of the container could be maintained in the ranges of 0-5, 5-10, and $10-15^{\circ}C$ for more than 23, 27, and 60 hr with the $K_1$, $K_2$, and $K_3$ slurries, respectively.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.3704-3710
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• 2021

The characteristics of the external radiation on the surface of the casks for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) storage by dry method are investigated for the case when the spatial distribution of SNF in the basket changes due to the destruction of the fuel rod claddings. The surface areas are determined, where the changes in fluxes of neutrons, produced by ²⁴⁴Cm actinide, and γ-quanta, produced by long-lived isotopes, are maximum in the result of the decrease in the height of the SNF area. Concrete (VSC-24) and metal (SC-21) casks are considered as examples. The procedure of periodic measurement of the dose rate of neutrons or γ-quanta at the specified points of the cask surface is proposed for identifying the fuel rod cladding destruction. Under normal operation, the decrease in the dose rate produced by neutrons as the function of SNF storage duration is determined by the half-life of ²⁴⁴Cm, and for γ-quanta - by the half-lives of long-lived SNF isotopes. Consequently, a stepwise change in the dose rate of neutrons or γ-quanta, detected by the measurements, as compared to the previous one, would indicate the destruction of the fuel rod claddings.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.305-310
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• 2016

The sea-port in Northern Vietnam accounts for around one third of the total country's cargo throughput and for many decades has been playing an important role in the logistics system of the country. 11 container terminals currently operate in Northern Vietnam, concentrating in Haiphong city and Quang Ninh province. Despite the increasing demand, the competition among these container terminals has become increasingly more critical. In recent years, massive investments from both government and operators have been made to improve the capability of the local sea-port's logistics infrastructure. This critically needed comprehensive research evaluates the impact of the current logistics infrastructure condition on the competitiveness of terminals and quantitatively compares the competencies of these terminals. In order to meet such requirements, the paper first summarizes the indicators of the logistics infrastructures of the sea ports before developing and testing hypotheses to reveal the correlation between the given factors and the annual throughput of container terminals in the region. Factor analysis will then be applied to score the logistics infrastructure competency of each container terminal. A significant gap between logistics infrastructures among all container terminals was not observed and the competitiveness between container terminals is mostly driven by traditional activities including cargo handling and storage. According to the results, strategic thinking will be needed to contribute to related organizations for better decisions in investment, management, and operation.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.45-57
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• 1990

Today, about 95% of totoal import import and export container cargo in Korea is being transported through the Busan Port. The 59% of these cargos is being handled at BCTOC and the rest is at the existing piers. As the Off-Dock Container Yards(ODCY) within Busna City are located at 33 different places, it causes serious problems in the container cargo transport and inland traffic near Busan district. The container carriers to the inland market or other terminals cause heavy traffics to the Busan Traffic System. Hence, this impacts to the cost of the cargo handling equipment and cargo storage, the usage of labor resources, the control of natural environment etc. To solve those problems, it is required to build Inland Container Depot(ICD) in the Southeastern Economic Area. In this study therefore, we try to calculate the required area of Inland Container Depot(ICD) for Busan Port which deals which deals with the container cargo. We also investigate the sites for ICD being suggested outside of Busan City. We use the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) Method to decide the best one. The result shows that the best is the Site B(Dong Myen, Yangsan Kun).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.595-601
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• 2020

During the safety inspection of nitrocellulose-made explosive containers stored for more than 10 years, cracks were found in the containers. Therefore, a failure cause analysis test was performed. First, the cause of failure through the failure tree analysis was conducted to select the factors that influenced failure. The changes in the properties of the container caused by the acceleration of the reaction were found to be the cause of the failure by confirming the influence on the environment and internal/external factors that may occur during storage. To confirm this, environmental tests, such as thermal shock test and vacuum thermal stability test, were performed using a naturally aged container to analyze the cause of failure, and an accelerated aging test was performed to reproduce the failure. Through this, the chemical reaction was accelerated by heat and charge, as in the result of the fault tree analysis, and it was confirmed that the physical properties of the container were changed. In addition, the service life of the container was estimated using the Arrhenius model for the storage life due to thermal aging.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.9-15
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• 2020

As of 2018, total yield of lettuce and strawberry amounted to 93,543 tons (representing 1.0 percent) and 183,639 tons (2.0 percent), respectively, among total yields worth 9,185,889 tons in South Korea. Lettuce is affected by a combination of numerous elements such as varieties, cultivation methods and pests during each growth phase (Lee et al., 1999). It is mainly cultivated in spring and fall. Especially due to respiration rate after harvest leading to reduced quality and poor storage, maintaining annual supply is unavailable (Jang et al., 2018). With the distribution of new varieties, forcing culture and indoor insulated facilities for plant cultivation during winter, strawberries are produced every year except for late summer and early fall. Due to active respiration, transpiration, soft flesh and high water content, the fruit is vulnerable to go bad and got rotten compared to other fruits. Furthermore, it is difficult to maintain freshness due to the possibility of softening, discoloration and fungi (Lee et al., 2012). In this regard, developing improved storage and package techniques is needed to ensure maintaining quality and safety even just two to three days after harvest. In order to ensure improved quality and safety of strawberries and lettuce after harvest, the present study applied a modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) technology (Mostofi et. al., 2008). Going forward, it compared the quality and safety of the two products while being stored in a way that put them in an MAP-applied container and a plastic container at room temperature and 4 degree Celsius.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.103
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• pp.144-148
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• 2001

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.342-349
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• 2023

In this study, a numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the phase change behavior of a liquid hydrogen storage container. The effects of gravity direction and hydrogen filling rate on boil-off gas (BOG) in the storage container were investigated. The study employed the volume of fluid, which is the phase change analysis model provided by ANSYS Fluent (ANSYS, Canonsburg, PA, USA), to investigate the sloshing phenomenon inside the liquefied hydrogen fuel tank. Considering the transient analysis time, two-dimensional simulation were carried out to examine the characteristics of the flow and thermal fields. The results indicated that the thermal flow characteristics and BOG phenomena inside the two-dimensional liquefied hydrogen storage container were significantly influenced by changes in gravity direction and hydrogen filling rate.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2023

Garlic (Allium sativum)is a major crop in most Asian countries, and its consumption in Asia-Pacific countries exceeds 90% of the global consumption. It contains beneficial ingredients and numerous essential nutrients, such as manganese, vitamin B6, and vitamin B1. Garlic demand is rising not only in Asian countries but also around the world. Particularly, garlic demand has been steadily increasing in European countries, such as Spain, France, Italy, and the American continent. In South Korea, 331,671 tons and 387,671 tons of garlic was produced in 2018 and 2019, respectively, making the country the fifth ranking garlic producer in the world, and the production has been increasing every year. In this study, the study on temperature distribution in cold storage of Korean garlic in folding wire mesh pallet container using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis was performed and Computations were based a commercial simulation software (ANSYS Workbenh Ver. 18.0). Considering the respiration heat of garlic, the decreasing rate of temperature in the area in contact with the cold air was fast due to the inflow of cold air inside, while the decreasing rate of temperature in the center of the pallet was very low. In order to maintain a uniform temperature distribution inside the agricultural product storage pallet in a low-temperature warehouse, it is considered desirable to install an air passageway to allow low-temperature air to flow into the wire mesh pallet.