• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.101-113
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• 1990

Apartment houses are repidly being assimialated into the Korean lifestyle. Little study of space utilization and specificially built-in storage needs has been implemented into design of these apartment units. The purposes of this study were, first, to ascertain attitudes of a select group of Korean housewives(N=250) living in apartments in Seoul toward closets and built-in storage units, and second, to determine the acceptability of proposed alternative plans which include built-in storage facilities by Korean women(N=31) living in the United States. Overall results reflect that built-in closets and storage are highly prized and additional units required in Korean apartment plans. Of the respondents, about 86% thought portable storage bought at marirage would be phased out if more storage was built into Korean apartmemts. Most Korean housewives would perceive the advantages of built-in storage units, and would prefer differentiated built-in storage units to undifferentiat d ones. Yet attitudes were equally split on the aesthetic value of the elimination of the portable storage. Five Korean apartment plans were drawn to scale then altered through the incorporation of additional built-in storage. These altered plans all received greater then 83% preferences to the existing Korean apartment plans. Additional study needs to be undertaken to address the implementation of additional storage in existing units as well as impact the current space planning concepts related to more built-in storage. Consideration needs to be given to the concerns related to aesthetic value of portable units as part of the study process.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2002

This study has been carried out to design a number of storage units which could improve the utilizability of solar energy by offering convenient means to store it. The proposed units are systematically tested to establish their reliability in actual operations. One of the prominent features of the present storage units is that each design is meant to drastically improve the thermal response of solar systems which would definitely offer extreme convenience to whoever uses it. Also sought in the present study is to elicit ideal operating conditions during the storage and extraction phases of solar energy once it is delivered to the storage unit. The present study has confirmed the potential use of the proposed units with their applicability in capitalizing the sun's energy.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.351-362
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• 1994

This paper presents a new method for solving a long term unit commitment problem including hydro and pumped storage hydro units in a large scale power system. The proposed method makes it possible to get variable power of hydro and pumpde storage hydro units and results in the better unit commitment with good convergency. Moreover this paper proposes an unit commitment algorithm to consider variable power of these units effectively by Lagrangian Relaxation method. By applying the proposed method to the test system and the real system, it is verified the usefulness of this method.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2001

Kiyomi tangor(Citus unshiu x sinensis) was stored at 3$\^{C}$ and 85% relative humidity, and the changes in firmness, pectin degrading enzymes activity and other physicochemical properties of citrus fruits during storage were investigated. Decay ratio and weight loss during 180 days’ storage were increased gradually to 13.0% and 12.9%, respectively. Firmness of fruits with 2 mm probe was decreased gradually from 808.7 g-force to 406.4 g-force, and moisture of peel and flesh were decreased from 76.5% to from 89.6% to 87.6% during storage, respectively. Exo-polygalacturonase activity of peel after 150 days’ storage were increased gradually to 558.09 units/100g. Pectin methylesterase activity of peel and flesh were increased from 14.7 units/g to 2.3 units/g, and from 9.4 units/ml to 2.7 units/ml at 150days’ storage, respectively. Endo-polygalacturonase activities were not changed notably during storage. Alcohol-insoluble solid(AIS) of peel was not changed notably. During storage of the fruits water soluble pectin(WSP) of peel and flesh were increased from 474.49 mg/100g to 614.29mg/100g, and from 66.91mg/100g to 92.74mg/100g as wet basis, respectively. Hexameta-phosphate soluble pectin(HMP) of peel were decreased from 405.5mg/100g to 270.43mg/100g, hydochloric acid soluble pectin(HSP) of peel was also decreased from 544.02mg/100g to 412.64mg/100g during storage. Total pectin substance(TPS) of peel and flesh were decreased from 1,424.01mg/100g to 1,297.36mg/100g, and from 165.51mg/100g to 171.54mg/100g, respectively. Composition ratio of pectin was in order of WSP > HSP > HMP.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.291-300
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• 2008

In this paper power system and drive-train for omni-directional autonomous mobile robots with multiple energy storage units are presented. Because in proposed system, which is implemented in soccer robots, the ability of power flow control from of multiple separated energy storage units and speed control for each motor are combined, these robots can be derived by more than one power source. This capability, allow robot to diversify its energy source by employing hybrid power sources. In this research Lithium ion polymer batteries have been used for main and auxiliary energy storage units because of their high power and energy densities. And to protect them against deep discharge, over current and short circuit, a protection circuit was designed. The other parts of our robot power system are DC-DC converters and kicker circuit. The simulation and experimental results show proposed scheme and extracted equations are valid and energy management and speed control can be achieved properly using this method. The filed experiments show robot mobility functions to perform the requested motion is enough and it has a high maneuverability in the field.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2006

This was a systemized bed consisted of storage units, a desk, a drawer, a sofa and a shelf. This bed system was not designed only for a certain age group of children but also for various age groups of children, since each parts of the bed can be sued separately. Separation of parts of the bed allowed children to decorate their own living space and gives them a chance to express their own feeling and thoughts by layout of parts. Design adopts the beauty of nature such as smoothly curve lines which are perfectly fit for the children's living space. The moving sofa located under the bed and the book shelf lead children to establish a pattern of reading habit. The draw and storage units offer nice space for keeping children's goods.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2019

An energy storage system consisting of a battery and a power-to-methanol (PtM) unit was investigated to develop an energy storage system for renewable energy systems. A nonlinear programming model was established to optimize the energy storage system. The optimal installation capacities of the battery and power-to-methanol units were determined to minimize the cost of the energy system. The cost from a renewable energy system was assessed for four configurations, with or without energy storage units, of the battery and the power-to-methanol unit. The proposed model was applied to the modified electricity supply and demand based on published data. The results show that value-adding units, such as PtM, need be included to build a stable renewable energy system. This work will significantly contribute to the advancement of electricity supply and demand management and to the establishment of a nationwide policy for renewable energy storage.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.122-128
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• 2011

This paper proposes a new control scheme of lithium ion battery units based on single phase multi-level converter. In the DC/AC converter applications using battery storage system, it is necessary to control the balancing voltage of individual battery units for high efficiency utilization. Using the proposed control scheme, the DC/AC single phase converter system is applied. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, computer simulation is accomplished. In the computer simulation, lithium-ion battery units and single phase multi-level converter system are modeled and carried out using Psim simulation program. It will be helpful for design and applications of energy storage system with lithium-ion battery.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.336-343
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• 1992

In this study, to obtain basic information for the design of a latent heat storage system, (1) the cylindrical type and the rectangular type of latent heat storage elements were designed, (2) the finite element method was adopted for the prediction of temperature profile of phase change material in heating and cooling process, and (3) experiments were performed to verify the numerical solutions, and then (4) the optimum size of latent heat storage units was predicted by the computer simulation. The results could be summarized as follows : (1) In cooling process, the predicted temperatures of latent heat storage units by computer simulation were in good agreement with measured. (2) The effective diameter of cylindrical element was observed to be 28 mm and the effective thickness of rectangular element was observed to be 21 mm.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.867-873
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to find analytic solution of determining the optimal capacity (lot-size) of multiproduct acyclic multistage production and inventory system to meet the finished product demand under the constraint of finite intermediate storage. Intermediate storage is a practical way to mitigate the material flow imbalance through the line of supply and demand chain. However, the cost of constructing and operating storage facilities is becoming substantial because of increasing land value, environmental and safety concern. Therefore, reasonable decision-making about the capacity of processes and storage units is an important subject for industries. The industrial solution for this subject is to use the classical economic lot sizing method, EOQ/EPQ(Economic Order Quantity/Economic Production Quantity) model, incorporated with practical experience. But EOQ/EPQ model is not suitable for the chemical plant design with highly interlinked processes and storage units because it is developed based on single product and single stage. This study overcomes the limitation of the classical lot sizing method. The superstructure of the plant consists of the network of serially and/or parallelly interlinked non-continuous processes and storage units. The processes transform a set of feedstock materials into another set of products with constant conversion factors. A novel production and inventory analysis method, PSW(Periodic Square Wave) model, is applied to describe the detail material flows among equipments. The objective function of this study is minimizing the total cost composed of setup and inventory holding cost. The advantage of PSW model comes from the fact that the model provides a set of simple analytic solutions in spite of realistic description of the material flows between processes and storage units. the resulting simple analytic solution can greatly enhance the proper and quick investment decision for the preliminary plant design problem confronted with economic situation.