• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.6
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• pp.157-162
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• 1988

In order to study of practical purpose of immobilized Mucor spp L42 milk clotting enzyme on activated succimylamino-propyl glass beads with glutaraldehyde in continuous curd coagulation, acidified milk(pH5.6, $8^{\circ}C$) was treated through reactor packed with immobilized beads, and warmed at $30^{\circ}C$ and allowed to coagulation for the determination of enzyme stability, deactivation of milk clotting ability by continuous reaction, the beads treatment conditions, and contact time of milk and beads in reactors. The results obtained were summarized as follow ; 1) After 3 month's storage, activity of immobilized Mucor spp L42 milk clotting enzyme in 0.2M phosphate buffer(pH 4.6) with 0.06% sodium azide was only 80% of initial activity. 2) Milk clotting activity of the beads was decreased by continuouse exposure on acidified skim milk. Nitrogen accumulation on the beads paralled loss of the activity in initial reaction stage. 3) After 6 hours continuous treatment of the beads at 60 sec/ml surface time, the milk-clotting activity of the beads was about 70% of initial activity. 4) Bead reactor and shaking bed reactor were more effective than column reactor on continuouse skim milk coagulation.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1981

Secondary amines are known as one of the precursors of nitrosamines which are potent carcinogenic compounds for human being and animals. In this study, trimethylamine and dimethylamine contents of salted, hot-air dried and sun dried samples of two commercial fishes, mackerel pike and seerfish were analyzed and quantitatively compared at three different temperature conditions. The formation of both secondary amines was more rapid at$10^{\circ}C\;and\;15^{\circ}C\;than\;at\;2^{\circ}C$. Residual amounts of trimethylamine oxide of salted samples were relatively higher than those of the other samples. Trimethylamine contents of hot-air dried mackerel pike and sun dried seerfish were relatively higher than those in the other samples, while those of salted samples were comparatively lower than those of others. Dimethylamine contents of hot-air dried samples were higher than those of the other samples, whereas those of salted samples were comparatively lower than those of the other samples.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2016

The stabilities of bioactive compounds in cinnamon or derris extract were investigated in commercial agricultural organic materials (biopesticide) during storage on different temperature conditions ($0^{\circ}C$, $23^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, and $54^{\circ}C$). The selected bioactive compounds were cinnamaldehyde, and cinnamyl alchol in cinnamon extract and deguelin, and rotenone in derris extract. Half-lives of the total cinnamyl derivatives in biopesticide (A, B, C, and D) ranged from 15.1 to 46.2 days on the different temperature and cinnamaldehyde was more stable than cinnamyl alcohol in the biopesticide. The half-lives of total rotenoid ranged from 1.7 to 173 days on the different temperature in the tested biopesticide (E, F, and G) containing derris extract. The stabilities of deguelin, and rotenon in the biopesticide showed similar values in the same condition.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.653-659
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• 2018

High-rise buildings and complex facilities are a representative urban system for the masses, and it requires an increasing role of commodity and safety. Smoke and toxic gasses can cause accidents due to fire in these systems. The purpose of this study is to develop a fiber screen material for emergency evacuation passages that can be avoided quickly and safely in cases of disasters. The fiber screen material is applicable to folding devices for emergency evacuation passages. The material is different from general steel material in that it is lightweight with less burden during storage for a long time in a roll form in a folding device. It also has an excellent secondary function in that it is less affected by radiant heat. Three kinds of fiber screen materials were selected that have good flame retardancy and post-processing characteristics. A performance evaluation was performed by a heat shrinkage test, contact heat test, combustibility test, flame retardancy test, tensile strength test, and tear strength test. As a result, the lightweight fabric shows excellent performance through post-processing, and silicone resin coating can secure safety of the pizza by the fiber screen material performance and radiant heat. The optimum post-treatment conditions were evaluated by performing a burning test after coating two kinds of glass fibers and four types of flame-retardant silicone resins with different weight and thickness.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.275-283
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• 2017

A large amount of RDF data has been generated along with the increase of semantic web services. Various distributed storage and query processing schemes have been studied to efficiently use the massive amounts of RDF data. In this paper, we propose a distributed SPARQL query processing scheme that considers the data locality and query execution path of large RDF data. The proposed scheme considers the data locality and query execution path in order to reduce join and communication costs. In a distributed environment, when processing a SPARQL query, it is divided into several sub-queries according to the conditions of the WHERE clause by considering the data locality. The proposed scheme reduces data communication costs by grouping and processing the sub-queries through the index based on associated nodes. In addition, in order to reduce unnecessary joins and latency when processing the query, it creates an efficient query execution path considering data parsing cost, the amount of each node's data communication, and latency. It is shown through various performance evaluations that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing scheme.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.353-364
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• 2014

Formaldehyde(HCHO) may have a damage effect on Korean traditional textiles, because concentration is high and occurrence frequency is frequent at the exhibition room and storage area. Total 20 specimens were prepared using 4 different materials (silk, cotton, ramie, hemp) after dyeing with 5 colors (undyed, red, yellow, blue, black). The specimens were exposed to HCHO gas in the test chamber. The gas acceleration test was conducted to identify the deterioration of Korean traditional textiles according to HCHO concentration(0.5, 1, 10, 100, 500ppm), to temperature-humidity condition at HCHO 500ppm, and deterioration conditions at HCHO 500ppm. Optical, chemical, and physical evaluation was carried out after the exposure. The results, color difference, grey scale rating, formate($HCO_2{^-}$) of some textiles increased at 500ppm, while pH decreased at 500ppm. Also, color difference, grey scale rating, formate($HCO_2{^-}$) of some textiles increased double damage at high temperatures & humidity, high humidity condition. But, damages of accelerated degradation textiles were slight, because of degradation degree and degradation products. The results suggest that determined the damage to the korean traditional textile, damage level, damage-weighted condition, damage to accelerated degradation textiles. In addition, formaldehyde damaged to yellowing of red textiles, bleaching of accelerated degradation textiles, formic acid damaged to bleaching of total 20 specimens.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.165-179
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• 2015

Archives have historical and academic values. That is why the study of preservation conditions and the environment for the effective management of various records progress. However, materials such as paper and adhesives will inevitably cause biological damages. These damages spread into the inner side of archives, which would make it impossible to recover. For example, archival records from Malaysia and Oman are easily exposed to biological damage because of these countries' hot and humid climate. As such, once records are damaged, disinfection operations are customary in these areas. Methyl bromide (MeBr) and ethylene oxide (EtO) were used in the disinfection process as they showed good insecticidal effect. However their antibacterial effect are negligible. As such, the need for an environmental-friendly fumigator was evident. An environmental-friendly fumigator is designed to improve storage stability. Such equipment is expected to contribute to prevention of damages to cultural heritages through its use of vaporization technology, maintenance of a disinfection space (chamber), and self-generation of nitrogen.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.407-418
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• 2015

This study is focused on establishing the optimal conditions to enhance the production of antilisterial substances by Lactobacillus paracasei BK57 isolated from Baikkimchi. In addition, the growth and in situ lactic acid and bacteriocin production of this strain were investigated during the manufacture of fresh cheese. And then the efficacy of using Lactobacillus starter as a protective culture to improve the safety of fresh cheese against Listeria monocytogenes KCTC 3569 was estimated. Maximum growth rate and activity of antibacterial substances were obtained in Lactobacilli MRS broth at $37^{\circ}C$ with controlled pH 6.0 after 30 h of incubation under aerobic condition. However, the growth rate and antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin produced in whole milk supplemented with yeast extract (2.0%) as a substrate were lower than those obtained in MRS broth. Live cells and cell-free culture supernatant of BK57 strain were effective in the suppression of L. monocytogenes in milk, whereas the inhibitory of the bacteriocin obtained from BK57 strain was higher in BHI broth than in milk. During storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$ for 6 days, no significant difference was found in the cell viability and antimicrobial activity of BK 57 strain in fresh cheese. In samples held at two temperatures, there was at least a 15% reduction in the numbers of the pathogen in fresh cheese artificially contaminated with approximately $10^5CFU/ml$ of L. monocytogenes within 6 days. Our results demonstrated the usefulness of L. paracasei BK57 having antilisterial activity as a biopreservative in the cheese making process.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.107 no.3
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• pp.258-265
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effective cryopreservation condition of Potentilla discolor Bunge, a rare native plant. Seed viability was more than 80% in PVS2 and PVS3 solution treatments. Seed viability was higher in PVS3 than PVS2 treatment. Seed viability was lower than control in spite of sucrose pretreatment. The germination rate was 95% at 60 min of PVS2 treatment and 30 min of PVS3 treatment but the germination rate was low at other treatments. The growth of the seedling wasn't doing that of the control except for treat PVS2 and PVS3 solution for 30 min. There was no statistically significant difference between the encapsulation method and the vitrification method in the seedling growth between the two cryogenic storage methods. This study is expected to be applied to future conservation methods of Potentilla discolor.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.115-129
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• 1971

As the result of a survey conducted by the author on the status of tile 12 educational institutions for mentally retarded children in Korea and their quartering facilities as well as on 934 children accommodated in such institutions, the following conclusion has been reached: 1) More than a half (approximately 58 percent) of the facilities for mentally retarded children are concentrated in Seoul. About eighty-three percent of these facilities are private establishments, of which 70 percent have their proprietors concurrently as their superintendents. Although these facilities were first established as many as 22 years ago, it has been only five or six years since education was actually started for mentally restarted children. 2) Out of a total of 179 employes, teachers number 99, there by constituting approximately 57.6 percent. Out of them, however, only 32 teachers or 2.8 percent have special teachers licenses. Thus, each teachers has to take care of an average of 29 children. This is excessive a number of children per teachers in view of the special nature of this education, there by indication how urgent it would be to secure more teachers lot this field. 3) Out of the mantally retarded children investigated 57.6 percent suffer from physical disorder in addition to mental retardation, 53.0 percent from mental alienation illnesses besides retardation, and 25 pent from physical, mental disorders in addition to retardation. It is therefore necessary to maintain medical and nursing facilities together with educational facilities. however, two places have no medical facilities at all, and four other places, without medical personnel, have to receive medical support from nearby hospitals or clinics. 4) The total number of children in the surveyed facilities is 934, who can be broken down into 58.7 percent boys and 41.3 percent for girls. They are classified into 12.5 percent for idiot, 37.7 percent for imbeciles, 32.7 percent for morons, and 17.3 percent for thoes children on borderline. Their average age is 13.9 years. 5) As the result of education, the illiteracy rate of mentally retarded children has decreased from 78.1 percent to 32.1 percent while the percentage of those taking the primary school course has increased for 12.2 per cent to 33.5 percent. As a result, it has been learned that education is definitely necessary for Retarded children though it may be a difficult task. 6) The children who have mentally retarded children among their brothers or sisters constitute 6.3 percent of the total number. The corresponding rate for boys is 3.5 percent while that for girls is a remarkably higher rate 10.6 percent. Through studies on the causes of their mental retardation, it has been learned that 39.6 percent of them is of the inherent type and 35.3 percent is of the environmental type. Control and improvement of health of mothers and children, early diagnosis and early treatment are believed to be very important because they could prevent or alleviant much of these conditions. 7) The storage age of teachers and employes is 35.3 years, an indication that a great proportion of them is experienced in a way or another as their major difficulty or problems in serving with these special school, 22.5 percent cited inadequate payment 24.5 gave the inadequate public understanding, and 22.5 percent pointed out the lack of understanding on the part of give parents.