• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 1990

There are many methods for treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) and of these, epidural steroid or intralesional steroid injection is one of the most effective treatments. But there are some problems in the use of steroids. One of which is steroid-induced hyperglycemia. In that case, the treatment of PHN is very difficult and not so effective. So we used the low level laser therapy (LLLT), He-Ne and IR, for the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia without any changes of blood glucose level. It seemed that LLLT was a very effective method for PHN without any systemic changes.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.218-220
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• 2004

It is known that steroids increase the risk for tendon ruptures. Despite this local steroids are still used in the treatment of achilles tendinitis. 46-year-old women had occurred achilles tendon rupture after repeated local steroid injection. Intraoperatively, necrotic change were seen at both side of ruptured end. Like this, tendon rupture after repeated steroid injection often result in a large defect, which needed surgical repair. After debridement of ruptured end, tenorrhaphy with single Krackow method and plantaris tendon augmentation was done. The patient showed favorable result with return to range in a degree of activity levels.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 2002

This study was conducted to determine whether low intensity regular exercise following steroid treatment could attenuate steroid-induced muscle atrophy. Thirty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $165{\sim}175g$ were divided into six groups ; control group(C), dexamethasone administration group(D), sedentary normal saline administration group(C+Se), exercise after normal saline administration group(C+Ex), sedentary group after dexamethasone administration(D+Se), exercise group after dexamethasone administration(D+Ex). Either dexamethasone(5mg/kg) or normal saline was injected for 7days accordingly. Exercise was started at 10m/min on the $10^{\circ}$ grade treadmill and gradually increased up to 15m/min by the 7th day for 60minutes/day($20min{\times}3$). The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test using the SPSS WIN 9.0 program. Body weight, muscle weight and myofibrillar protein content of both plantaris and gastrocnemius, Type I, II muscle fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris, and Type II muscle fiber cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius in D group were significantly lower than those of C group(p<0.05) respectively. Hindlimb muscle weight, myofibrillar protein content of both plantaris and gastrocnemius. Type I muscle fiber cross-sectional area of soleus and Type I, II muscle fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris in D+Ex group tended to increase compared to those of D+Se group. Myofibrillar protein content of both plantaris and gastrocnemius, Type I muscle fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris in D+Ex group tended to increase compared to those of C+Se group. Based on these results, it is suggested that regular low-intensity exercise during recovery period after steroid treatment might facilitate the recovery from steroid-induced muscle atrophy.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.99-107
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• 2015

Objectives : This study was designed to obtain basic data for a further large-scale trial as evaluating the efficacy and safety of Geochangmanryeung-dan(GMD) and acupuncture on patient with spinal stenosis treated by epidural steroid injection. Methods: The study is a randomized controlled pilot clinical trial, conducted over 8 weeks. Twenty participants will be recruited and randomly allocated to 2 groups: an experimental(GMD and acupuncture with epidural steroid injection) group and a control(only epidural steroid injection) group. The epidural steroid injection will be administered once per 2 weeks for 6 weeks(3 times in total). GMD will be administered as a dose of 5 pills, 3 times per day, for 6 weeks. Acupuncture will be performed 2 times per week for 6 weeks(12 times in total). The primary outcome will be measured by visual analogue scale and self-rated walking distance. The secondary outcome will be measured by PainVision, short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and Oswestry Disability Index. Both primary and secondary outcomes will be measured at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. The last assessment(at 8 weeks) will be performed 2 weeks after treatment cessation. Conclusions : This clinical trial, as the pilot study for a future large-scale trial, will provide clinical information for evaluating the efficacy and safety of GMD and acupuncture treatment in combination with epidural steroid injection for the treatment of spinal stenosis.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.133-137
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• 2017

Background: To determine the natural progression of conservatively treated rotator cuff tears, we evaluated changes in radiologic and clinical parameters in patients whose recalcitrant tears were neglected after conservative treatment. Methods: A total of 73 patients with recalcitrant rotator cuff tears in spite of conservative treatment were included in this study. We measured changes in tear size and in the extent of fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff by comparing the initial and final follow-up magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs). To determine factors influencing the change in tear size, we collected the medical history of patients taken at the time of initial admission. Results: The average follow-up period was 20.1 months, and the average increase in tear size across this period was 6.2 mm. In terms of steroid injection, we found that the increases in tear size of the steroid injection group (p=0.049) and of the sub-group that had received more than three steroid injections (p=0.010) were significantly greater than that of the non-steroid injection group. Conclusions: We found that the increase in cuff tear size was on average 6.2 mm across the follow-up period, indicating that neglecting cuff tears may cause them to progress into more severe tears. We also observed that a history of steroid injection might be a possible risk factor for a worse prognosis of cuff tears. Therefore, we suggest that patients with rotator cuff tears and a history of steroid injection are recommended aggressive modes of treatment such as surgery.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.481-488
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• 1999

Background: The routine application of the combined regimen of corticosteroid-antituberculosis therapy to the tuberculous pleurisy remains controversial. Steroid therapy to tuberculous pleurisy could be effective on the acceleration of absorption of pleural effusion and symptom improvement, but there has been debate about the effect of prednisolone on the prevention of pleural adhesion. So we studied the efficacy of combined regimen of prednisolone-antituberculosis therapy on the absorption of pleural effusion and prevention of pleural adhesion. Method: A prospective, randomized study was performed in 82 patients, 50 patients(non-steroid group) were treated with only antituberculosis regimen for 6 months and in 32 patients(steroid group) prednisolone(30mg/day) were administered in addition to antituberculosis regimen for one months and tapered for another month. The amount of pleural effusion was compared at the beginning of treatment, 2nd month, 6th month and final visit with chest X-ray findings which were graded from grade 0(complete absorption) to grade 6(near total haziness). Results: The amount of pleural effusion of steroid group at 2nd month, 6th month and final visit was lesser than that of non-steroid group(P<0.05). The incidence of the complete absorption of the pleural effusion was 3/32(9.4%) in steroid group, 1/50(2%) in non-steroid group at 2nd month after treatment; and 12/32(37.5%) in steroid group, 6/50(12%) in non-steroid group at 6th month after treatment(P<0.05). At final observation, the incidence of residual pleural thickening was 15/32(47%) in steroid group and 37/50(74%) in non-steroid group(P<0.05). No serious side effects were noted during the treatment with prednisolone. Conclusion: The administration of prednisolone in conjunction with antituberculosis chemotherapy improved the absorption of pleural effusion and decreased the residual pleural thickening.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of traditional korean medicine treatment on patients with olfactory disorder who did not respond to steroid treatment. Methods : A retrospective chart review was conducted on 16 patients who visited the outpatient clinic with olfactory disorder for over 1 month. The patients were treated with Herbal medicine, acupuncture, electronic moxibustion, intranasal pharmacopuncture, and olfactory training. The treatment effect was evaluated by KVSS I test. Results : There was no significant difference in KVSS I test score according to sex, age, duration of treatment, number of treatment, the days after onset. There was no significant difference in the KVSS I test scores before and after the treatment for the cases of sinonasal disease, head trauma, and idiopathic cases. However, there was a significant difference in cases of post-viral olfactory disorder. Conclusion : Traditional korean medicine may be effective for patients with post-viral olfactory disorder that did not show improvement in steroid treatment.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2015

Purpose: Steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) is a chronic illness in childhood hard to treat. Steroid sparing drugs are often used, because long-term steroid therapy can cause severe side effects. We studied to compare efficacy between MMF and other drugs including cyclosporine and levamisole. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively on patients with SDNS, who were treated at Pusan National University Children's hospital. MMF group included 11 patients who were treated with MMF for at least six months between June 2012 and July 2014. As control groups, cyclosporine group (n=15) and levamisole group (n=18) included patients treated between January 2008 and July 2014. Number of relapse was analyzed in patients treated more than six months, and relapse free for one year was analyzed in patients treated more than one year. Results: In MMF group, ten were boys and mean age at onset was 5.8 years. Mean age at starting of MMF was 8.6 years. Number of relapse in MMF group was reduced significantly after treatment from 3.4 /year to 0.2 /year (P=0.003). There was no significant difference in number of relapse among groups (MMF: 0.2 /year, cyclosporine: 0.5 /year, levamisole: 0.5 /year). Comparing the early relapse within six months after treatment levamisole group was significantly higher than the other two groups (P=0.04). Conclusions: MMF which is used in SDNS significantly reduced the relapse and side effects were rare. In addition, MMF did not show any significant difference in comparison with the other two groups in number of relapse and relapse free for one year.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.649-658
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• 2010

Myogenic satellite cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that activate and differentiate into myotubes. These stem cells are multipotent as they transdifferentiate into adipocyte-like cells, nerve cells and osteocytes. The effects of steroid hormones ($E_2$ and testosterone) were studied as a further step toward understanding the mechanism of MSCs proliferation and differentiation. In this study, MSCs were grown continuously for 87 days, implying that there may be a group of MSCs that continue to proliferate rather than undergoing differentiation. Isolated MSCs were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium supplemented with adult male, female or castrated bovine serum to observe the effect of steroid hormones on MSC proliferation. Cell proliferation was the highest in cultures supplemented with male serum followed by female and castrated serum. The positive effect of male hormone on MSC proliferation was confirmed by the observation of testosterone-mediated increased proliferation of cells cultured in medium supplemented with castrated serum. Furthermore, steroid hormone treatment of MSCs increased lipid accumulation in myotubes. Oil-Red-O staining showed that 17${\beta}$-estradiol ($E_2$) treatment avidly increased lipid accumulation, followed by $E_2$+testosterone and testosterone alone. To our knowledge, this is the first report of lipid accumulation in myotubes due to steroids in the absence of an adipogenic environment, and the effect of steroid hormones on cell proliferation using different types of adult bovine serum, a natural hormonal system. In conclusion, we found that sex steroids affect MSCs proliferation and differentiation, and lipid accumulation in myotubes.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2006

Idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis is, an uncommon cause of pulmonary hypertension this is characterized by excessive fibrosis of the mediastinum with an unknown etiology. Steroid therapy has been suggested for individuals with progressive symptoms, bu there is littlet data demonstrating the efficacy of such therapy are lacking. We present a case of pulmonary hypertension secondary to a compression of a main pulmonary artery by fibrosing mediastinitis which was confirmed by a biopsy with a thoracotomy. The chest CT scan and 2D echocardiography performed before and after a trial of steroid therapy demonstrated improvement after steroid therapy.