• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권10호
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2020

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of sterilization in Vietnam. We estimate a simultaneous equation by using Two-Stage least squares (2SLS) regression analysis. The time-series data was collected for the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2018. In particular, the effectiveness of sterilization is considered in terms of dollarized economy, since making the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy system, the Vietnamese economy has remained in a state of dollarization. In addition, we also assess whether the global financial crisis had an impact on the sterilization effectiveness of the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV). On the basis of the estimated sterilization and offset coefficients, our results suggest that the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) has not been able to fully neutralize the impact on the domestic money supply when intervening in the foreign exchange market, and the capital inflows respond strongly to changes in domestic monetary conditions. The results also show that the global financial crisis has changed the effectiveness of these sterilization policies. An analysis of this study's empirical findings provides the opportunity to derive some recommendations that may assist in increasing the effectiveness of the State Bank of Vietnam's sterilization policies in the process of accumulating international reserves.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1994

Allograft cardiac valves have been used for over 30 years to replace diseased cardiac valves, reconstruct right or left ventricular outflow tract. With increasing its requirement, the establishment of a viable bank capable of maintaining the viability of graft over a prolonged period would be desirable. The method for determining the viability of allograft by metabolic assay technique using radiolabeled aminoacids has been used recently. An experimental study was done for evaluation of viability of cardiac allograft which was preserved for 14 days at 4oC in nutrient medium[fresh preservation] by metabolism assay technique using 3H-glycine. Also, the effectiveness of low concentration antibiotic solution[CLPV] for sterilization was evaluated. The effectiveness of CLPV solution for sterilization of allograft was perfect. Pre-treatment cultured organisms were not cultured after treatment at all in every cases. The viability of allograft after sterilization was reduced to 66.4%[aortic wall], 74.7%[pulmonary wall], 76.3%[aortic valve], 67.9%[aortic wall]. And after the fresh preservation for 14 days, the viability was reduced to 14.7%, 18.5%, 17.7%, 19.0%, respectively.In conclusion, viability of allograft was reduce to 71.3[66.4-76.3]% after sterilization and 17.5[14.7-19.0]% after fresh preservation. And sterilization effect of CLPV solution was satisfactory.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.967-987
• /
• 2024

Recently, as the concept of pet food that satisfies both nutritional needs and the five senses has evolved, so too has the demand for effective pet food non-thermal sterilization methods. Prominent non-thermal technologies include high-pressure processing, plasma, and radiation, which are favored for their ability to preserve nutrients, avoid residues, and minimize compositional changes, thereby maintaining quality and sensory properties. However, to assess their effectiveness on pet food, it is essential to optimize operational parameters such as pressure levels, plasma intensity, radiation dosage, and temperature. Further studies are needed to evaluate microbial sterilization efficacy and sensory attributes. This exploration is expected to lay the groundwork for preventing zoonotic diseases and improving the production of high-quality pet food.

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제53권6호
• /
• pp.285-292
• /
• 2020

Ancient cultural heritage made up of wood and organic fibers have been easily disintegrated or decomposed by various microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. Here, we demonstrate the effectiveness of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) system to sterilize the microorganisms in tangible cultural heritage. We collected several specimens from the surface of ancient documents and wooden artifacts. Finally, two bacteria and two fungi were prepared and sterilized using the APPJ treatment. The APPJ system is beneficial to its simple apparatus, quick operation time, and cost-effectiveness. Bacteria were almost sterilized within only 1 min treatment using 15 % O2 and applied bias voltage of 100 V. In case of the fungi, sterilization rate reached over 83 % but difficult to reach over 90 % even 10 min treatment. According to the plasma diagnostics using optical emission spectroscopy, it was found that the reactive oxygen species such as OH groups are critical for sterilization of microorganisms. Although further efforts should be performed, we believe that efficient sterilization could be realized by the simple, quick, and portable APPJ treatment system.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.622-633
• /
• 2024

For quality standardization, the application of functional lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as starter cultures for food fermentation is a well-known method in the fermented food industry. This study assessed the effect of adding a non-thermally microbial inactivated starter culture to kimchi, a traditional Korean food, in standardizing its quality. In this study, pretreatment based on sterilization processes, namely, slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) disinfection and ultraviolet C light-emitting diode (UVC-LED) of raw and subsidiary kimchi materials were used to reduce the initial microorganisms in them, thereby increasing the efficiency and value of the kimchi LAB starter during fermentation. Pretreatment sterilization effectively suppressed microorganisms that threatened the sanitary value and quality of kimchi. In addition, pretreatment based on sterilization effectively reduced the number of initial microbial colonies in kimchi, creating an environment in which kimchi LAB starters could settle or dominate, compared to non-sterilized kimchi. These differences in the initial microbial composition following the sterilization process and the addition of kimchi LAB starters led to differences in the metabolites that positively affect the taste and flavor of kimchi. The combined processing technology used in our study, that is, pre-sterilization and LAB addition, may be a powerful approach for kimchi quality standardization.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.250-257
• /
• 2004

Recently, the use of UVC lamps inside building air-conditioning system has been increasing in both medical and nonmedical buildings for the control of environmental microorganisms. In the present study, irradiance performance test of UVC lamp was carried out and surface sterilization effect of UV ray was investigated by using UV ray irradiation experimental chamber and pilot system. Experimental results show that the effective irradiance of UVC lamp is strongly dependent on air velocity and temperature with exception of relative huminity in air-conditioning system. An individual microbiological kill effectiveness experiment also shows that the fractional kill of two microbiological samples such as E. Coli and Legionella is roughly the same as the estimated fractional kill in the case of chamber test and pilot system test.

• 한국안광학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.101-106
• /
• 2013

목적: 본 연구는 시력교정용 안경에서 범용 적으로 활용되고 있는 세척방법에 따른 오염 균의 제균 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 실험대상 82명의 안경으로부터 세척 전후에 대한 각각의 세균을 채취하여 제균 여부를 확인하였다. 결과: 수돗물을 이용하여 초음파세척을 실시한 결과 세균 종의 수에 대한 변화가 없었으며 70% 소독용 알코올을 이용하여 초음파세척을 실시하였을 때는 46.2%의 제균 효과가 나타났으며 일반 세제를 이용하여 솔 세척 후 70% 알코올을 이용한 초음파세척을 실시한 결과 85.7%의 제균 효과가 나타났다. 결론: 시력교정용 안경에 존재하는 기회감염성 세균들은 세제를 이용하여 솔질 세척이 더욱 효과적이었는데 이것은 렌즈와 림의 틈새 등 접합부위 등에 세균들이 세제와 솔에 의해 제거 된 것으로 차후 청결한 안경의 관리를 위하여 안경의 정기적 분해 세척이 요구됨과 동시에 안경세척관리에 대한 가이드라인이 구축되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.281-289
• /
• 2022

플라즈마오존은 높은 살균성능으로 인해 다양한 살균분야에서 활용되고 있다. DBD(유전체 장벽방전)에 사용되는 유전체는 주로 석영, 세라믹, 폴리머 등이 주로 사용된다. 유전체로 이루어진 레이어는 공급되는 전하의 양을 제한시키고 플라즈마가 유전체 면 위에서 고르게 발생할 수 있도록 하는 역할을 한다. 이러한 DBD를 이용한 플라즈마, 오존살균은 살균대상이나 주변 환경이 복잡한 구조로 된 경우가 많아 공간살균에 대한 개념을 수립하고 이에 대한 연구와 학문적 체계가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 플라즈마라디칼과 오존 생성을 위해 대기압에서 DBD방식을 이용한다. 플라즈마오존의 발생을 위한 반응기의 구조는 세라믹 튜브 유전체와 스테인리스 도체를 일정한 간격으로 배치하여 유전체 장벽방전을 발생시키는 형태이다. 공간살균장치로서의 플라즈마오존 발생은 성능 면에서 우수한 살균장치로 인식되고 있으므로 장치의 설계와 검증을 통해 공간살균장치의 최적설계를 확립하고자 하며 제안된 방법을 기반으로 다양한 살균 어플리케이션을 개발하는데 기초를 제공한다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.301-307
• /
• 2018

In this study, a relatively effective process is used to sterilize Escherichia coli on the surface of micro-sized calcium citrate powder using nitrogen and argon as process gases in a low-temperature vacuum plasma treatment. The purpose of this study is to confirm and to introduce the effectiveness of homogeneous surface treatment for the sterilization of fine inorganic powder by the rotatable low-temperature RF plasma system designed by ourselves. The results of the test using 3M petrifilm showed that there were no remarkable spots in the case of the surface of plasma treated powder, whereas the untreated powder showed many blue spots, which indicating that the E. coli was alive. After 5 days, in the same samples, the blue spots were seen to be larger and darker than before, while the plasma-treated powder showed no changes. The results from FE-SEM analysis showed that the E. coli was damaged and/or destroyed by reactive species generated in the plasma space, resulting in the E. coli being sterilized. Furthermore, the sterilization effects according to the selected parameters ($N_2$ and Ar; flow rate 30 and 50 sccm) adapted in this study were mutually similar, regardless of such different process parameters, and this indicates that homogeneous treatment of powder surfaces could be more effective than conventional methods. Therefore, the plasma apparatus used in this study may be a practical method to use in a powerful sterilization process in powder-type food.

• 대한치과의료관리학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.50-55
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the number of bacteria before and after the use of surface disinfectants, demonstrate the bactericidal effect of surface disinfectants, and emphasize on the importance of surface disinfectants by recognizing the importance of infection control in dentistry. Chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, ethanol, and chemical disinfectants are commonly used in dentistry. NaOCl was selected as the experimental group, and the bacterium test results obtained by comparing the table without surface sterilization as a control group showed that all disinfectants had an effective bactericidal effect (p<0.05). In the growth inhibition test comparing the experimental and control groups, all results were 100%, proving the effectiveness of surface disinfectants. The results showed that all surface disinfectants preferred and used by medical institutions were effective. Therefore, all surface disinfectants used in the experimental group were effective for surface disinfection for infection control. Dental clinicians should be aware of the necessity of disinfection of surfaces, such as table, chairs, and unit chairs, and make an active effort to ensure that both clinicians and patients are safe from infection.