• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.747-754
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 강섬유 혹은 폴리프로필렌 섬유로 하이브리드 보강되고, 수직하중과 수평하중을 받는 고강도 콘크리트 내민받침을 제작하고 실험하였다. 실험 결과, 강섬유, 폴리프로필렌 섬유를 혼입함에 따라 내하력, 강성, 연성, 균열폭, 균열 수 측면에서 고강도콘크리트 내민받침의 성능은 향상되었다. 폴리프로필렌 섬유로 보강된 고강도콘크리트 내민받침은 강섬유로 보강된 내민받침보다 다소 낮은 내하력을 보였지만, 수평하중 하에서 더 큰 연성을 보였다. 또한, 주인장 타이 철근으로 사용된 헤디드 바의 헤드는 뛰어난 정착을 보여주었다. 실험 결과를 설계기준의 규준식 및 여러 연구자들이 제안한 예측모델과 비교한 결과, 정밀 스트럿-타이 모델이 수평하중 하에서 가장 정확하고 보수적인 예측 결과를 보여주었고, Fattuhi가 제안한 트러스 모델은 섬유 보강 고강도콘크리트 내민받침의 강도를 잘 예측하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제64권5호
• /
• pp.671-681
• /
• 2017

This study investigates the structural performance of 3D steel pipe rack suspended scaffolding systems. For the purpose, a standard full scale 3D steel pipe rack suspended scaffolding system considering two frames, two plane trusses, purlins and wooden floor is constructed in the laboratory. A developed load transmission system was placed in these experimental systems to distribute single loads to the center of a specific area in a step-by-step manner using a load jack. After each load increment, the displacements are measured by means of linear variable differential transducers placed in several critical points of the system. The tests are repeated for five different system conditions to determine the structural performance. The means of system conditions is the numbers of the tie bars which are used to connect plane trusses under level. Finite elements models of the 3D steel pipe rack suspended scaffolding systems considering different systems conditions are constituted using SAP2000 software to support the experimental tests and to use the models in future studies. Each of models including load transmission platform is analyzed under a single loading and the displacements are obtained. In addition, to calibrate the numerical models some uncertain parameters such as elasticity modulus of wooden floor and connection rigidity of purlins to plane trusses are assessed experimentally. The results of this work demonstrate that when increasing numbers of tie bars the displacement values are decreased. Also the results obtained from developed numerical models have harmony with those of experimental. In addition, the scaffolding system with two tie bars at the beginning and at the end of the plane truss has the optimum structural performance compared the results obtained for other scaffolding system conditions.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.421-435
• /
• 2008

본 논문에서는 잔류응력과 초기변형을 고려한 비선형 해석을 실시하여 송전철탑의 극한거동을 분석하였다. 송전철탑 전체 해석 모델링에 주주재, 수평재 및 1차 사재는 보(Beam)요소를 사용하였고, 기타 사재 및 보조재는 트러스(Truss)요소를 사용하였으며 구조해석프로그램 ABAQUS(2004)를 사용하였다. ABAQUS Imperfection 옵션 및 Initial condition 옵션을 사용한 초기변형 및 잔류응력 적용의 적절성을 평가하고자 판(Plate & Shell)요소 부재모델과 보요소 부재모델의 해석결과를 비교분석하였다. 보요소와 트러스 요소를 적용한 송전철탑 전체모델의 비선형 해석결과 ${P-{\triangle}}$효과로 인하여 철탑 하부 각재부 주요 부재에 좌굴파괴가 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 구조물의 안전성에 영향을 미치는 비선형 해석인자 즉 잔류응력과 초기변형의 정도에 따른 안전성 저하값을 정량적으로 평가하여 제시하고 있다. 그러므로, 본 연구의 결과는 실제 송전철탑의 파괴극한거동에 가까운 설계법, 해석법 및 시공법 정립에 크게 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제12권5호통권48호
• /
• pp.581-593
• /
• 2000

본 연구는 지진하중을 받는 현수교의 수직 동적 해석방법을 발전시켰다. 시간 영역해석, 불규칙 진동 해석 및 스펙트럼 해석의 이론을 체계적으로 정립하였다. 불규칙 진동 해석을 다시 수치적분을 이용하는 방법과 수학적 적분식 및 상관계수를 이용한 방법으로 나누고 각각은 다시 지진하중을 white noise로 가정한 경우와 filtered white noise로 가정한 경우에 대해 CQC 방법과 SRSS 방법을 사용하였다. 현수교의 모델링은 빔, 트러스 및 프레임요소를 사용하였고 케이블과 주탑은 사하중에 의한 기하학적 강성을 고려하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.145-154
• /
• 2009

이 논문에서는 새롭게 제안된 접합부를 적용한 단층 래티스 돔의 비탄성 거동에 대해 실험적으로 분석하였다. 구조적인 성능과 시공성을 모두 만족시키기 위해서 제안된 새로운 접합부를 적용하여 강관으로 구성된 스팬 7m의 단층 래티스 돔의 축소실험모델을 제작하였으며, 각 절점에 균일한 하중이 가력되도록 하중전이장치를 이용하여 정적재하실험을 수행하였다. 최대가력하중은 1,114kN이었고, 일부 접합부의 항복 이후에 강관부재의 좌굴이 발생하였다. 강관부재의 좌굴발생 이후에는 가력장치가 허용할 수 있는 변위까지 실험을 수행하였으며, 실험을 통해서 구해진 단층 래티스 돔의 비탄성거동을 하중 단계별로 분석하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.683-686
• /
• 2007

This paper investigates acoustical characteristics of open-type ceilings using 1:25 scale model. The field survey in the existing 15 halls was carried out to figure out the ceiling structure. The components of the open-type ceiling were mainly steel truss structures, duct, catwalk and finishing surfaces. In order to investigate the absorption characteristics of the equipped ceiling, the absorption coefficient measurements were made using 1:25 reverberation chamber based on ISO 354. Results showed that the absorption coefficient of the empty ceiling structure (6m-height) with 50%-perforated covering plate was 0.2-0.3 at above 500 Hz. When steel structure was added inside the empty ceiling, absorption coefficient increased by 0.16 at 250-1kHz. Adding catwalk did not increase the absorption, but adding duct increased the absorption at 1-2kHz. NRC of the equipped ceiling was 0.39, and the absorption characteristics were mainly found at high frequencies. In addition, the opening size of the covering plate did not change the absorption coefficient of the equipped ceiling meaningfully.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2006

Spar platforms have been installed as a competitive alternative offshore production structure for deepwater oil field. Since the first spar platform was constructed, its configuration has evolved to the so-called the truss spar and then the cell spar. This paper describes the dynamic analysis and fatigue life assessment of steel catenary riser (SCR) connected to cell spar platform. Two different cell spar platforms are considered herein; the original cell spar and the modified one. The original cell spar was modified by introducing an additional damping plate at its bottom in order to reduce wave-frequency motions. Firstly the wave-frequency motions of cell spar platforms are calculated based on the potential theory. Then, the dynamic responses of SCR induced by platform motions are computed. Finally the fatigue life of SCR is estimated by spectral method and the performance of two spar platforms are compared in terms of the fatigue life. Through the present study, it is found that the fatigue life of the modified cell spar increases only slightly.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제77권3호
• /
• pp.417-439
• /
• 2021

The geometric nonlinearity has been successfully integrated with the design of steel structural system. Thus, the tubular lattice girder, one application of steel structural systems have already been optimized to obtain an economic design following the completion of computationally expensive design procedure. In order to decrease its computing cost, this study proposes to employ five multi-objective metaheuristics for the design optimization of geometrically nonlinear tubular lattice girder. Then, the employed multi-objective optimization algorithms (MOAs), NSGAII, PESAII, SPEAII, AbYSS and MoCell are evaluated considering their computing performances. For an unbiased evaluation of their computing performance, a tubular lattice girder with varying size-shape-topology and a benchmark truss design with 17 members are not only optimized considering the geometrically nonlinear behavior, but three benchmark mathematical functions along with the four benchmark linear design problems are also included for the comparison purpose. The proposed experimental study is carried out by use of an intelligent optimization tool named JMetal v5.10. According to the quantitative results of employed quality indicators with respect to a statistical analysis test, MoCell is resulted with an achievement of showing better computing performance compared to other four MOAs. Consequently, MoCell is suggested as an optimization tool for the design of geometrically nonlinear tubular lattice girder than the other employed MOAs.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.339-351
• /
• 2022

A mortar-filled rectangular hollow structural section (RHS) can increase a structural section property as well as a compressive buckling capacity of a RHS member. In this study, the tensile performance of newly developed mortar-filled RHS members was experimentally evaluated with various connection details. The major test parameters were the type of end connections, the thickness of cap plates and shear plates, the use of stud bolts, and penetrating bars. The test results showed that the welded T-end connection experienced a brittle weld fracture at the welded connection, whereas the tensile performance of the T-end connection was improved by additional stud bolts inserted into the mortar within the RHS tube. For the end connection using shear plates and penetrating stud bolts, ductile behavior of the RHS tube was achieved after yielding. The penetrating bars increased load carrying capacity of the RHS. Based on the analysis of the load transfer mechanism, the current design code and test results were compared to evaluate the tensile capacity of the RHS tube according to the connection details. Design considerations for the connections of the mortar-filled RHS tubes were also recommended.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.49-70
• /
• 2014

Steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) is known as one of the efficient modern composites that can greatly enhance the material performance of cracked concrete in tension. Such improved tensile resistance mechanism at crack interfaces in SFRC members can be heavily influenced by methodologies of treatments of crack direction. While most existing studies have focused on developing the numerical analysis model with the rotating-angle theory, there are only few studies on finite element analysis models with the fixed-angle model approach. According to many existing experimental studies, the direction of principal stress rotated after the formation of initial fixed-cracks, but it was also observed that new cracks with completely different angles relative to the initial crack direction very rarely occurred. Therefore, this study introduced the direct tension force transfer model (DTFTM), in which tensile resistance of the fibers at the crack interface can be easily estimated, to the nonlinear finite element analysis algorithm with the fixed-angle theory, and the proposed model was also verified by comparing the analysis results to the SFRC shear panel test results. The secant modulus method adopted in this study for iterative calculations in nonlinear finite element analysis showed highly stable and fast convergence capability when it was applied to the fixed-angle theory. The deviation angle between the principal stress direction and the fixed-crack direction significantly increased as the tensile stresses in the steel fibers at crack interfaces increased, which implies that the deviation angle is very important in the estimation of the shear behavior of SFRC members.